bu

/bu/

1. (det.) this — Points to someone or something near the speaker; the far counterpart is ol. It can also point ahead to what is about to be listed, as in bu joldaşlağa "to the following comrades". It often adds emphasis to questions, as in bu bılay qalay boldu "how did this happen?"

bu adam — this man
bu qız — this girl
bu zat — this thing
bu ne zatdı? — what is this?
bu ne işdi? — what is going on here?
bu kitabnı menŋe atam bergendi — my father gave me this book
bu zatnı qoyarğa bolluq tüldü — this thing cannot be left
bu bılay qalay boldu? — how did this happen like this?

2. (det.) present, current, given — Often used with time words for the present one, as in bu jay "this summer", or for the thing just mentioned, as in bu statyada "in this article".

bu jay — this summer
bu közüwde — at the present moment
bu sağatda — at the present time
bu zamanda — at this time
bu zamanŋa deri — until this time
bu hapardan sora — after this news
bu jay biz tawğa barlıqbız — this summer we will go to the mountains

3. (pron.) he, she, it — Refers to a person or thing close at hand, rather than the neutral ol.

bir-birde bu menŋe keliwçüdü — sometimes he comes to me
bu menŋe boluşurğa süedi — he wants to help me
bu bizni üyübüzge köb keledi — she comes to our house often
bu tünene bizge kelgen edi — he had come to us yesterday
anı munu bla işi joqdu — he has nothing to do with this one

4. (det.) such, this much — Stands before a noun for a kind or an amount already mentioned, as in bu qadar adam "so many people".

bu qadar adam — such a multitude of people
bu bolumğa köre — under such conditions
bu qadar aqça menŋe jeterikdi — this much money will be enough for me
bu qadar adam mında sıyınmaydı — this many people do not fit here
bu bolumğa köre mında qalabız — under such conditions we stay here

Expressions

bu duniyadan keterge — pass away (Idiom)
bu duniyadan ol duniyağa qarşı bolurğa — near death (Idiom)
bu jol — this time (Collocation)
bu meni bolsun dep — enviably fine (Idiom)

Cases

The pronouns, this and that, case by case
Case	buthis	bılathese	menI	senyou	olhe / she / it · that	bizwe	sizyou all	alathey · those
Nominative	buthis	bılathese	menI	senyou	olhe · that	bizwe	sizyou all	alathey · those
Genitive & accusative	munuof this / this (as the object)	bılanıof these / these (as the object)	menimy / me	seniyour / you	anıhis, her, its / him, her, it · of that / that (as the object)	bizniour / us	sizniyour / you all	alanıtheir / them · of those / those (as the object)
Dative	mıŋato this	bılağato these	menŋeto me	senŋeto you	aŋato him / her / it · to that	bizgeto us	sizgeto you all	alağato them · to those
Locative	mındain this	bıladain these	mendeat me / on me	sendeat you	andaat him / her / it · in that	bizdeat us	sizdeat you all	aladaat them · in those
Ablative	mındanfrom this	bıladanfrom these	mendenfrom me	sendenfrom you	andanfrom him / her / it · from that	bizdenfrom us	sizdenfrom you all	aladanfrom them · from those
Like	munuçalike this	bılaçalike these	meniçalike me	seniçalike you	anıçalike him / her / it · like that	bizniçalike us	sizniçalike you all	alaçalike them · like those
bla	munu blawith this	bıla blawith these	meni blawith me	seni blawith you	anı blawith him / her / it · with that	bizni blawith us	sizni blawith you all	ala blawith them · with those
üçün	munu üçünfor this	bıla üçünfor these	meni üçünfor me	seni üçünfor you	anı üçünfor him / her / it · for that	bizni üçünfor us	sizni üçünfor you all	ala üçünfor them · for those
kibik	munu kibiklike this	bıla kibiklike these	meni kibiklike me	seni kibiklike you	anı kibiklike him / her / it · like that	bizni kibiklike us	sizni kibiklike you all	ala kibiklike them · like those