ayü / ayıw
/ajy/, /ajɯw/ · plural ayüle
bear
- ayü bala — a bear cub
- tişi ayü — a she-bear
- aq ayü — a polar bear
- ayü kibik — like a bear
- ayü ayaq — a bear's paw
- ayü tawda jaşaydı — the bear lives in the mountains
- ayü ız — a bear's track
- ağaçda ayü kördük — we saw a bear in the forest
Expressions
- ayıwnu köre turğanlay, ızın ızlarğa — miss the obvious
- ayıwnu qulağına ot salğanlay — stir up a fury
- mıllık saqlağan ayıwça — watching intently
- ölmegen ayıwnu terisin üleşgenley — counting chickens early
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ayüthe bear | ayümmy bear | ayüŋyour bear | ayüsühis bear | ayübüzour bear | ayügüzyou all's bear | ayüleritheir bears |
| Genitive | ayünüthe bear's | ayümümy bear's | ayüŋüyour bear's | ayüsünühis bear's | ayübüznüour bear's | ayügüznüyou all's bear's | ayülerinitheir bears' |
| Accusative | ayünüthe bear (as the object) | ayümümy bear (as the object) | ayüŋüyour bear (as the object) | ayüsünhis bear (as the object) | ayübüznüour bear (as the object) | ayügüznüyou all's bear (as the object) | ayülerintheir bears (as the object) |
| Dative | ayügeto the bear | ayümeto my bear | ayüŋeto your bear | ayüsüneto his bear | ayübüzgeto our bear | ayügüzgeto you all's bear | ayülerineto their bears |
| Locative | ayüdein / at the bear | ayümdein / at my bear | ayüŋdein / at your bear | ayüsündein / at his bear | ayübüzdein / at our bear | ayügüzdein / at you all's bear | ayülerindein / at their bears |
| Ablative | ayüdenfrom the bear | ayümdenfrom my bear | ayüŋdenfrom your bear | ayüsündenfrom his bear | ayübüzdenfrom our bear | ayügüzdenfrom you all's bear | ayülerindenfrom their bears |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ayülethe bears | ayülerimmy bears | ayüleriŋyour bears | ayülerihis bears | ayüleribizour bears | ayülerigizyou all's bears | ayüleritheir bears |
| Genitive | ayülenithe bears' | ayülerimimy bears' | ayüleriŋiyour bears' | ayülerinihis bears' | ayüleribizniour bears' | ayülerigizniyou all's bears' | ayülerinitheir bears' |
| Accusative | ayülenithe bears (as the object) | ayülerimimy bears (as the object) | ayüleriŋiyour bears (as the object) | ayülerinhis bears (as the object) | ayüleribizniour bears (as the object) | ayülerigizniyou all's bears (as the object) | ayülerintheir bears (as the object) |
| Dative | ayülegeto the bears | ayülerimeto my bears | ayüleriŋeto your bears | ayülerineto his bears | ayüleribizgeto our bears | ayülerigizgeto you all's bears | ayülerineto their bears |
| Locative | ayüledein / at the bears | ayülerimdein / at my bears | ayüleriŋdein / at your bears | ayülerindein / at his bears | ayüleribizdein / at our bears | ayülerigizdein / at you all's bears | ayülerindein / at their bears |
| Ablative | ayüledenfrom the bears | ayülerimdenfrom my bears | ayüleriŋdenfrom your bears | ayülerindenfrom his bears | ayüleribizdenfrom our bears | ayülerigizdenfrom you all's bears | ayülerindenfrom their bears |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: ayüleri can mean "his / her bears", "their bear", or "their bears" — context decides.
Whose it is
| Case | one thing, one owner | several things, one owner | one thing, several owners | several things, several owners |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ayünüküthe bear's one | ayünükülethe bear's ones | ayülenikithe bears' one | ayülenikilethe bears' ones |
| Genitive | ayünükünüof the bear's one | ayünüküleniof the bear's ones | ayülenikiniof the bears' one | ayülenikileniof the bears' ones |
| Accusative | ayünükünthe bear's one (as the object) | ayünükülenithe bear's ones (as the object) | ayülenikinthe bears' one (as the object) | ayülenikilenithe bears' ones (as the object) |
| Dative | ayünüküneto the bear's one | ayünükülegeto the bear's ones | ayülenikineto the bears' one | ayülenikilegeto the bears' ones |
| Locative | ayünükündein / at the bear's one | ayünüküledein / at the bear's ones | ayülenikindein / at the bears' one | ayülenikiledein / at the bears' ones |
| Ablative | ayünükündenfrom the bear's one | ayünüküledenfrom the bear's ones | ayülenikindenfrom the bears' one | ayülenikiledenfrom the bears' ones |
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.