ajırarğa
/adʒɯrarʁa/
part, separate, lose one another — Often used with bir birinden "from one another": bu ekisi bir birinden ajıradıla "these two lost each other". Tenishev and Suyunchev 1989 marks it Karachay.
- bu ekisi bir birinden ajıradıla — these two lost each other
- şaharda bir birinden ajıradıq — we lost each other in the city
- ol nögerlerinden ajıradı — he got separated from his friends
- bir birigizden ajıramağız — don't lose one another
Conjugation
Common forms
- ajıraydıhe is separating
- ajıradıhe separated
- ajırağandıhe has separated
- ajırarhe will separate
- ajırarıqdıhe is going to separate
- ajıray edihe was separating
- ajırasaif he separates
- ajıra!separate!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menajıraymaI am separating | senajıraysayou are separating | olajıraydıhe is separating | bizajıraybızwe are separating | sizajıraysızyou all are separating | alaajıraydılathey are separating |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menajıramaymaI am not separating | senajıramaysayou are not separating | olajıramaydıhe is not separating | bizajıramaybızwe are not separating | sizajıramaysızyou all are not separating | alaajıramaydılathey are not separating |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menajıraymamı? ajıraymıma?am I separating? | senajıraymısa?are you separating? | olajıraymıdı?is he separating? | bizajıraybızmı? ajıraymıbız?are we separating? | sizajıraymısız?are you all separating? | alaajıraymıdıla?are they separating? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menajıramaymamı? ajıramaymıma?aren't I separating? | senajıramaymısa?aren't you separating? | olajıramaymıdı?isn't he separating? | bizajıramaybızmı? ajıramaymıbız?aren't we separating? | sizajıramaymısız?aren't you all separating? | alaajıramaymıdıla?aren't they separating? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menajırawçanmaI usually separate | senajırawçansayou usually separate | olajırawçandıhe usually separates | bizajırawçanbızwe usually separate | sizajırawçansızyou all usually separate | alaajırawçandılathey usually separate |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menajıramawçanmaI usually don't separate | senajıramawçansayou usually don't separate | olajıramawçandıhe usually doesn't separate | bizajıramawçanbızwe usually don't separate | sizajıramawçansızyou all usually don't separate | alaajıramawçandılathey usually don't separate |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menajırawçanmamı? ajırawçanmıma?do I usually separate? | senajırawçanmısa?do you usually separate? | olajırawçanmıdı?does he usually separate? | bizajırawçanbızmı? ajırawçanmıbız?do we usually separate? | sizajırawçanmısız?do you all usually separate? | alaajırawçanmıdıla?do they usually separate? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menajıramawçanmamı? ajıramawçanmıma?do I usually not separate? | senajıramawçanmısa?do you usually not separate? | olajıramawçanmıdı?does he usually not separate? | bizajıramawçanbızmı? ajıramawçanmıbız?do we usually not separate? | sizajıramawçanmısız?do you all usually not separate? | alaajıramawçanmıdıla?do they usually not separate? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olajırabdıhe has separated and remains so | alaajırabdılathey have separated and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olajırabmıdı?has he separated? | alaajırabmıdıla?have they separated? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menajırab turamaI keep separating | senajırab turasayou keep separating | olajırab turadıhe keeps separating | bizajırab turabızwe keep separating | sizajırab turasızyou all keep separating | alaajırab turadılathey keep separating |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menajırab turmaymaI don't keep separating | senajırab turmaysayou don't keep separating | olajırab turmaydıhe doesn't keep separating | bizajırab turmaybızwe don't keep separating | sizajırab turmaysızyou all don't keep separating | alaajırab turmaydılathey don't keep separating |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menajırab turamamı? ajırab turamıma?do I keep separating? | senajırab turamısa?do you keep separating? | olajırab turamıdı?does he keep separating? | bizajırab turabızmı? ajırab turamıbız?do we keep separating? | sizajırab turamısız?do you all keep separating? | alaajırab turamıdıla?do they keep separating? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menajırab turmaymamı? ajırab turmaymıma?don't I keep separating? | senajırab turmaymısa?don't you keep separating? | olajırab turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep separating? | bizajırab turmaybızmı? ajırab turmaymıbız?don't we keep separating? | sizajırab turmaymısız?don't you all keep separating? | alaajırab turmaymıdıla?don't they keep separating? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menajıray turamaI am in the middle of separating | senajıray turasayou are in the middle of separating | olajıray turadıhe is in the middle of separating | bizajıray turabızwe are in the middle of separating | sizajıray turasızyou all are in the middle of separating | alaajıray turadılathey are in the middle of separating |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menajıray turmaymaI am not in the middle of separating | senajıray turmaysayou are not in the middle of separating | olajıray turmaydıhe is not in the middle of separating | bizajıray turmaybızwe are not in the middle of separating | sizajıray turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of separating | alaajıray turmaydılathey are not in the middle of separating |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menajıray turamamı? ajıray turamıma?am I in the middle of separating? | senajıray turamısa?are you in the middle of separating? | olajıray turamıdı?is he in the middle of separating? | bizajıray turabızmı? ajıray turamıbız?are we in the middle of separating? | sizajıray turamısız?are you all in the middle of separating? | alaajıray turamıdıla?are they in the middle of separating? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menajıray turmaymamı? ajıray turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of separating? | senajıray turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of separating? | olajıray turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of separating? | bizajıray turmaybızmı? ajıray turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of separating? | sizajıray turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of separating? | alaajıray turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of separating? |
| Simple past (definite) | menajıradımI separated | senajıradıŋyou separated | olajıradıhe separated | bizajıradıqwe separated | sizajıradığızyou all separated | alaajıradılathey separated |
| Simple past (definite) | menajıramadımI didn't separate | senajıramadıŋyou didn't separate | olajıramadıhe didn't separate | bizajıramadıqwe didn't separate | sizajıramadığızyou all didn't separate | alaajıramadılathey didn't separate |
| Simple past (definite) | menajıradımmı?did I separate? | senajıradıŋmı?did you separate? | olajıradımı?did he separate? | bizajıradıqmı?did we separate? | sizajıradığızmı?did you all separate? | alaajıradılamı?did they separate? |
| Simple past (definite) | menajıramadımmı?didn't I separate? | senajıramadıŋmı?didn't you separate? | olajıramadımı?didn't he separate? | bizajıramadıqmı?didn't we separate? | sizajıramadığızmı?didn't you all separate? | alaajıramadılamı?didn't they separate? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menajırağanmaI have separated | senajırağansayou have separated | olajırağandıhe has separated | bizajırağanbızwe have separated | sizajırağansızyou all have separated | alaajırağandılathey have separated |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menajıramağanmaI haven't separated | senajıramağansayou haven't separated | olajıramağandıhe hasn't separated | bizajıramağanbızwe haven't separated | sizajıramağansızyou all haven't separated | alaajıramağandılathey haven't separated |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menajırağanmamı? ajırağanmıma?have I separated? | senajırağanmısa?have you separated? | olajırağanmıdı?has he separated? | bizajırağanbızmı? ajırağanmıbız?have we separated? | sizajırağanmısız?have you all separated? | alaajırağanmıdıla?have they separated? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menajıramağanmamı? ajıramağanmıma?haven't I separated? | senajıramağanmısa?haven't you separated? | olajıramağanmıdı?hasn't he separated? | bizajıramağanbızmı? ajıramağanmıbız?haven't we separated? | sizajıramağanmısız?haven't you all separated? | alaajıramağanmıdıla?haven't they separated? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menajırab turdumI kept separating | senajırab turduŋyou kept separating | olajırab turduhe kept separating | bizajırab turduqwe kept separating | sizajırab turduğuzyou all kept separating | alaajırab turdulathey kept separating |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menajırab turmadımI didn't keep separating | senajırab turmadıŋyou didn't keep separating | olajırab turmadıhe didn't keep separating | bizajırab turmadıqwe didn't keep separating | sizajırab turmadığızyou all didn't keep separating | alaajırab turmadılathey didn't keep separating |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menajırarmaI will separate | senajırarsayou will separate | olajırarhe will separate | bizajırarbızwe will separate | sizajırarsızyou all will separate | alaajırarlathey will separate |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menajıramazmaI won't separate | senajıramazsayou won't separate | olajıramazhe won't separate | bizajıramazbızwe won't separate | sizajıramazsızyou all won't separate | alaajıramazlathey won't separate |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menajırarmamı? ajırarmıma?will I separate? | senajırarmısa?will you separate? | olajırarmı?will he separate? | bizajırarbızmı? ajırarmıbız?will we separate? | sizajırarmısız?will you all separate? | alaajırarlamı? ajırarmıla?will they separate? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menajıramazmamı? ajıramazmıma?won't I separate? | senajıramazmısa?won't you separate? | olajıramazmı?won't he separate? | bizajıramazbızmı? ajıramazmıbız?won't we separate? | sizajıramazmısız?won't you all separate? | alaajıramazlamı? ajıramazmıla?won't they separate? |
| Definite future (future II) | menajırarıqmaI am going to separate | senajırarıqsayou are going to separate | olajırarıqdıhe is going to separate | bizajırarıqbızwe are going to separate | sizajırarıqsızyou all are going to separate | alaajırarıqdılathey are going to separate |
| Definite future (future II) | menajırarıq tülmeI am not going to separate | senajırarıq tülseyou are not going to separate | olajırarıq tüldühe is not going to separate | bizajırarıq tülbüzwe are not going to separate | sizajırarıq tülsüzyou all are not going to separate | alaajırarıq tüldülethey are not going to separate |
| Definite future (future II) | menajırarıqmamı? ajırarıqmıma?am I going to separate? | senajırarıqmısa?are you going to separate? | olajırarıqmıdı?is he going to separate? | bizajırarıqbızmı? ajırarıqmıbız?are we going to separate? | sizajırarıqmısız?are you all going to separate? | alaajırarıqmıdıla?are they going to separate? |
| Definite future (future II) | menajırarıq tülmüme?aren't I going to separate? | senajırarıq tülmüse?aren't you going to separate? | olajırarıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to separate? | bizajırarıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to separate? | sizajırarıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to separate? | alaajırarıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to separate? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menajırağan edimajırağanemI had separated | senajırağan ediŋajırağaneŋyou had separated | olajırağan ediajırağanedhe had separated | bizajırağan edikajırağanekwe had separated | sizajırağan edigizajırağanegizyou all had separated | alaajırağan edileajırağanellethey had separated |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menajıramağan edimajıramağanemI hadn't separated | senajıramağan ediŋajıramağaneŋyou hadn't separated | olajıramağan ediajıramağanedhe hadn't separated | bizajıramağan edikajıramağanekwe hadn't separated | sizajıramağan edigizajıramağanegizyou all hadn't separated | alaajıramağan edileajıramağanellethey hadn't separated |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menajıray edimajırayemI was separating | senajıray ediŋajırayeŋyou were separating | olajıray ediajırayedhe was separating | bizajıray edikajırayekwe were separating | sizajıray edigizajırayegizyou all were separating | alaajıray edileajırayellethey were separating |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menajıramay edimajıramayemI wasn't separating | senajıramay ediŋajıramayeŋyou weren't separating | olajıramay ediajıramayedhe wasn't separating | bizajıramay edikajıramayekwe weren't separating | sizajıramay edigizajıramayegizyou all weren't separating | alaajıramay edileajıramayellethey weren't separating |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menajırawçan edimajırawçanemI used to separate | senajırawçan ediŋajırawçaneŋyou used to separate | olajırawçan ediajırawçanedhe used to separate | bizajırawçan edikajırawçanekwe used to separate | sizajırawçan edigizajırawçanegizyou all used to separate | alaajırawçan edileajırawçanellethey used to separate |
| Habitual past (used to) | menajıramawçan edimajıramawçanemI didn't use to separate | senajıramawçan ediŋajıramawçaneŋyou didn't use to separate | olajıramawçan ediajıramawçanedhe didn't use to separate | bizajıramawçan edikajıramawçanekwe didn't use to separate | sizajıramawçan edigizajıramawçanegizyou all didn't use to separate | alaajıramawçan edileajıramawçanellethey didn't use to separate |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olajırab edihe had separated and remained so | alaajırab edilethey had separated and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olajırab tül edihe hadn't separated | alaajırab tül edilethey hadn't separated | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menajırab tura edimajırab turaemI had kept separating | senajırab tura ediŋajırab turaeŋyou had kept separating | olajırab tura ediajırab turaedhe had kept separating | bizajırab tura edikajırab turaekwe had kept separating | sizajırab tura edigizajırab turaegizyou all had kept separating | alaajırab tura edileajırab turaellethey had kept separating |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menajırab turmay edimajırab turmayemI hadn't kept separating | senajırab turmay ediŋajırab turmayeŋyou hadn't kept separating | olajırab turmay ediajırab turmayedhe hadn't kept separating | bizajırab turmay edikajırab turmayekwe hadn't kept separating | sizajırab turmay edigizajırab turmayegizyou all hadn't kept separating | alaajırab turmay edileajırab turmayellethey hadn't kept separating |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menajıray tura edimajıray turaemI was in the middle of separating | senajıray tura ediŋajıray turaeŋyou were in the middle of separating | olajıray tura ediajıray turaedhe was in the middle of separating | bizajıray tura edikajıray turaekwe were in the middle of separating | sizajıray tura edigizajıray turaegizyou all were in the middle of separating | alaajıray tura edileajıray turaellethey were in the middle of separating |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menajıray turmay edimajıray turmayemI wasn't in the middle of separating | senajıray turmay ediŋajıray turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of separating | olajıray turmay ediajıray turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of separating | bizajıray turmay edikajıray turmayekwe weren't in the middle of separating | sizajıray turmay edigizajıray turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of separating | alaajıray turmay edileajıray turmayellethey weren't in the middle of separating |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menajırar edimajırar emI would separate | senajırar ediŋajırar eŋyou would separate | olajırar ediajırar edhe would separate | bizajırar edikajırar ekwe would separate | sizajırar edigizajırar egizyou all would separate | alaajırar edileajırar ellethey would separate |
| Conditional result (would) | menajıramaz edimajıramaz emI wouldn't separate | senajıramaz ediŋajıramaz eŋyou wouldn't separate | olajıramaz ediajıramaz edhe wouldn't separate | bizajıramaz edikajıramaz ekwe wouldn't separate | sizajıramaz edigizajıramaz egizyou all wouldn't separate | alaajıramaz edileajıramaz ellethey wouldn't separate |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menajırarıq edimajırarıq emI would have separated | senajırarıq ediŋajırarıq eŋyou would have separated | olajırarıq ediajırarıq edhe would have separated | bizajırarıq edikajırarıq ekwe would have separated | sizajırarıq edigizajırarıq egizyou all would have separated | alaajırarıq edileajırarıq ellethey would have separated |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menajırarıq tül edimajırarıq tül emI wouldn't have separated | senajırarıq tül ediŋajırarıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have separated | olajırarıq tül ediajırarıq tül edhe wouldn't have separated | bizajırarıq tül edikajırarıq tül ekwe wouldn't have separated | sizajırarıq tül edigizajırarıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have separated | alaajırarıq tül edileajırarıq tül ellethey wouldn't have separated |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menajırasamif I separate | senajırasaŋif you separate | olajırasaif he separates | bizajırasaqif we separate | sizajırasağızif you all separate | alaajırasalaif they separate |
| Conditional | menajıramasamif I don't separate | senajıramasaŋif you don't separate | olajıramasaif he doesn't separate | bizajıramasaqif we don't separate | sizajıramasağızif you all don't separate | alaajıramasalaif they don't separate |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menajıray esemif I am separating | senajıray eseŋif you are separating | olajıray eseif he is separating | bizajıray esekif we are separating | sizajıray esegizif you all are separating | alaajıray eseleif they are separating |
| Conditional, present real | menajıramay esemif I am not separating | senajıramay eseŋif you are not separating | olajıramay eseif he is not separating | bizajıramay esekif we are not separating | sizajıramay esegizif you all are not separating | alaajıramay eseleif they are not separating |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menajırasam ediajırasam edif only I separated | senajırasaŋ ediajırasaŋ edif only you separated | olajırasa ediajırasaedif only he separated | bizajırasaq ediajırasaq edif only we separated | sizajırasağız ediajırasağız edif only you all separated | alaajırasala ediajırasalaedif only they separated |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menajıramasam ediajıramasam edif only I didn't separate | senajıramasaŋ ediajıramasaŋ edif only you didn't separate | olajıramasa ediajıramasaedif only he didn't separate | bizajıramasaq ediajıramasaq edif only we didn't separate | sizajıramasağız ediajıramasağız edif only you all didn't separate | alaajıramasala ediajıramasalaedif only they didn't separate |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menajırab tursamif I carry on separating | senajırab tursaŋif you carry on separating | olajırab tursaif he carries on separating | bizajırab tursaqif we carry on separating | sizajırab tursağızif you all carry on separating | alaajırab tursalaif they carry on separating |
| Durative conditional | menajırab turmasamif I don't carry on separating | senajırab turmasaŋif you don't carry on separating | olajırab turmasaif he doesn't carry on separating | bizajırab turmasaqif we don't carry on separating | sizajırab turmasağızif you all don't carry on separating | alaajırab turmasalaif they don't carry on separating |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menajırab tura esemif I have kept separating | senajırab tura eseŋif you have kept separating | olajırab tura eseif he has kept separating | bizajırab tura esekif we have kept separating | sizajırab tura esegizif you all have kept separating | alaajırab tura eseleif they have kept separating |
| Durative conditional, present real | menajırab turmay esemif I haven't kept separating | senajırab turmay eseŋif you haven't kept separating | olajırab turmay eseif he hasn't kept separating | bizajırab turmay esekif we haven't kept separating | sizajırab turmay esegizif you all haven't kept separating | alaajırab turmay eseleif they haven't kept separating |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menajıray tursamif I keep separating | senajıray tursaŋif you keep separating | olajıray tursaif he keeps separating | bizajıray tursaqif we keep separating | sizajıray tursağızif you all keep separating | alaajıray tursalaif they keep separating |
| Progressive conditional | menajıramay tursamif I keep on not separating | senajıramay tursaŋif you keep on not separating | olajıramay tursaif he keeps on not separating | bizajıramay tursaqif we keep on not separating | sizajıramay tursağızif you all keep on not separating | alaajıramay tursalaif they keep on not separating |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menajıray tura esemif I am in the middle of separating | senajıray tura eseŋif you are in the middle of separating | olajıray tura eseif he is in the middle of separating | bizajıray tura esekif we are in the middle of separating | sizajıray tura esegizif you all are in the middle of separating | alaajıray tura eseleif they are in the middle of separating |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menajıramay tura esemif I keep on not separating | senajıramay tura eseŋif you keep on not separating | olajıramay tura eseif he keeps on not separating | bizajıramay tura esekif we keep on not separating | sizajıramay tura esegizif you all keep on not separating | alaajıramay tura eseleif they keep on not separating |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menajıradım esemif I separated | senajıradıŋ eseŋif you separated | olajıradı eseif he separated | bizajıradıq esekif we separated | sizajıradığız esegizif you all separated | alaajıradıla eseleif they separated |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menajıramadım esemif I didn't separate | senajıramadıŋ eseŋif you didn't separate | olajıramadı eseif he didn't separate | bizajıramadıq esekif we didn't separate | sizajıramadığız esegizif you all didn't separate | alaajıramadıla eseleif they didn't separate |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menajırağan esemif I did separate (indeed) | senajırağan eseŋif you did separate (indeed) | olajırağan eseif he did separate (indeed) | bizajırağan esekif we did separate (indeed) | sizajırağan esegizif you all did separate (indeed) | alaajırağan eseleif they did separate (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menajıramağan esemif I didn't separate (indeed) | senajıramağan eseŋif you didn't separate (indeed) | olajıramağan eseif he didn't separate (indeed) | bizajıramağan esekif we didn't separate (indeed) | sizajıramağan esegizif you all didn't separate (indeed) | alaajıramağan eseleif they didn't separate (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menajırağan bolsamif I had separated | senajırağan bolsaŋif you had separated | olajırağan bolsaif he had separated | bizajırağan bolsaqif we had separated | sizajırağan bolsağızif you all had separated | alaajırağan bolsalaif they had separated |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menajıramağan bolsamif I hadn't separated | senajıramağan bolsaŋif you hadn't separated | olajıramağan bolsaif he hadn't separated | bizajıramağan bolsaqif we hadn't separated | sizajıramağan bolsağızif you all hadn't separated | alaajıramağan bolsalaif they hadn't separated |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menajırağan bolsam ediajırağan bolsam edif only I had separated | senajırağan bolsaŋ ediajırağan bolsaŋ edif only you had separated | olajırağan bolsa ediajırağan bolsaedif only he had separated | bizajırağan bolsaq ediajırağan bolsaq edif only we had separated | sizajırağan bolsağız ediajırağan bolsağız edif only you all had separated | alaajırağan bolsala ediajırağan bolsalaedif only they had separated |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menajıramağan bolsam ediajıramağan bolsam edif only I hadn't separated | senajıramağan bolsaŋ ediajıramağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't separated | olajıramağan bolsa ediajıramağan bolsaedif only he hadn't separated | bizajıramağan bolsaq ediajıramağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't separated | sizajıramağan bolsağız ediajıramağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't separated | alaajıramağan bolsala ediajıramağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't separated |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menajırar esemif I will separate | senajırar eseŋif you will separate | olajırar eseif he will separate | bizajırar esekif we will separate | sizajırar esegizif you all will separate | alaajırar eseleif they will separate |
| Conditional, aorist | menajıramaz esemif I won't separate | senajıramaz eseŋif you won't separate | olajıramaz eseif he won't separate | bizajıramaz esekif we won't separate | sizajıramaz esegizif you all won't separate | alaajıramaz eseleif they won't separate |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menajırarıq esemif I am going to separate | senajırarıq eseŋif you are going to separate | olajırarıq eseif he is going to separate | bizajırarıq esekif we are going to separate | sizajırarıq esegizif you all are going to separate | alaajırarıq eseleif they are going to separate |
| Conditional, future | menajırarıq tül esemif I am not going to separate | senajırarıq tül eseŋif you are not going to separate | olajırarıq tül eseif he is not going to separate | bizajırarıq tül esekif we are not going to separate | sizajırarıq tül esegizif you all are not going to separate | alaajırarıq tül eseleif they are not going to separate |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menajırarıq bolsamif I were going to separate | senajırarıq bolsaŋif you were going to separate | olajırarıq bolsaif he were going to separate | bizajırarıq bolsaqif we were going to separate | sizajırarıq bolsağızif you all were going to separate | alaajırarıq bolsalaif they were going to separate |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menajıramazlıq bolsamif I were not going to separate | senajıramazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to separate | olajıramazlıq bolsaif he were not going to separate | bizajıramazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to separate | sizajıramazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to separate | alaajıramazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to separate |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso ajıradıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menajıray bolurmaI must be separating | senajıray bolursayou must be separating | olajıray bolurhe must be separating | bizajıray bolurbuzwe must be separating | sizajıray bolursuzyou all must be separating | alaajıray bolurlathey must be separating |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menajıramay bolurmaI must not be separating | senajıramay bolursayou must not be separating | olajıramay bolurhe must not be separating | bizajıramay bolurbuzwe must not be separating | sizajıramay bolursuzyou all must not be separating | alaajıramay bolurlathey must not be separating |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menajıray tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of separating | senajıray tura bolursayou must be in the middle of separating | olajıray tura bolurhe must be in the middle of separating | bizajıray tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of separating | sizajıray tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of separating | alaajıray tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of separating |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menajıramay tura bolurmaI must keep on not separating | senajıramay tura bolursayou must keep on not separating | olajıramay tura bolurhe must keep on not separating | bizajıramay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not separating | sizajıramay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not separating | alaajıramay tura bolurlathey must keep on not separating |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menajırağan bolurmaI must have separated | senajırağan bolursayou must have separated | olajırağan bolurhe must have separated | bizajırağan bolurbuzwe must have separated | sizajırağan bolursuzyou all must have separated | alaajırağan bolurlathey must have separated |
| Inference (must have) | menajıramağan bolurmaI must not have separated | senajıramağan bolursayou must not have separated | olajıramağan bolurhe must not have separated | bizajıramağan bolurbuzwe must not have separated | sizajıramağan bolursuzyou all must not have separated | alaajıramağan bolurlathey must not have separated |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menajırarıq bolurmaI must be going to separate | senajırarıq bolursayou must be going to separate | olajırarıq bolurhe must be going to separate | bizajırarıq bolurbuzwe must be going to separate | sizajırarıq bolursuzyou all must be going to separate | alaajırarıq bolurlathey must be going to separate |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menajıramazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to separate | senajıramazlıq bolursayou must not be going to separate | olajıramazlıq bolurhe must not be going to separate | bizajıramazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to separate | sizajıramazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to separate | alaajıramazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to separate |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menajırayımlet me separate | senajıra!separate! | olajırasınlet him separate | bizajırayıqlet's separate | sizajırağız!separate, you all! | alaajırasınlalet them separate |
| Commands & suggestions | menajıramayımlet me not separate | senajırama!don't separate! | olajıramasınlet him not separate | bizajıramayıqlet's not separate | sizajıramağız!don't separate, you all! | alaajıramasınlalet them not separate |
| Commands & suggestions | menajırayımmı?shall I separate? | olajırasınmı?should he separate? | bizajırayıqmı?shall we separate? | alaajırasınlamı?should they separate? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menajıramayımmı?shall I not separate? | olajıramasınmı?should he not separate? | bizajıramayıqmı?shall we not separate? | alaajıramasınlamı?should they not separate? | ||
| Requests | senajıraçı2ajıraçınplease separate | olajırasınçıdo let him separate | sizajıraçığızplease separate (plural/polite) | alaajırasınlaçıdo let them separate | ||
| Requests | senajıramaçı2ajıramaçınplease don't separate | olajıramasınçıdo let him not separate | sizajıramaçığızplease don't separate (plural/polite) | alaajıramasınlaçıdo let them not separate | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senajırağınajırağımay you separate | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senajıramağınajıramağımay you not separate | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menajırağay edim ajırağa edimwould that I separated | senajırağay ediŋ ajırağa ediŋwould that you separated | olajırağay edi ajırağa ediwould that he separated | bizajırağay edik ajırağa edikwould that we separated | sizajırağay edigiz ajırağa edigizwould that you all separated | alaajırağay edile ajırağa edilewould that they separated |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menajıramağay edim ajıramağa edimwould that I did not separate | senajıramağay ediŋ ajıramağa ediŋwould that you did not separate | olajıramağay edi ajıramağa ediwould that he did not separate | bizajıramağay edik ajıramağa edikwould that we did not separate | sizajıramağay edigiz ajıramağa edigizwould that you all did not separate | alaajıramağay edile ajıramağa edilewould that they did not separate |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menajıramağa qoyayımajırama qoyayımlet me allow someone to separate | senajıramağa qoy!ajırama qoy!let someone separate! | olajıramağa qoysunajırama qoysunlet him allow someone to separate | bizajıramağa qoyayıqajırama qoyayıqlet's allow someone to separate | sizajıramağa qoyuğuz!ajırama qoyuğuz!let someone separate, you all! | alaajıramağa qoysunlaajırama qoysunlalet them allow someone to separate |
| Let someone… (commands) | menajıramağa qoymayımajırama qoymayımlet me not allow someone to separate | senajıramağa qoyma!ajırama qoyma!don't let someone separate! | olajıramağa qoymasınajırama qoymasınlet him not allow someone to separate | bizajıramağa qoymayıqajırama qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to separate | sizajıramağa qoymağız!ajırama qoymağız!don't let someone separate, you all! | alaajıramağa qoymasınlaajırama qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to separate |
| Let someone… (commands) | menajıramağa qoyayımmı?ajırama qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to separate? | olajıramağa qoysunmu?ajırama qoysunmu?should he allow someone to separate? | bizajıramağa qoyayıqmı?ajırama qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to separate? | alaajıramağa qoysunlamı?ajırama qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to separate? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menajıramağa qoymayımmı?ajırama qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to separate? | olajıramağa qoymasınmı?ajırama qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to separate? | bizajıramağa qoymayıqmı?ajırama qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to separate? | alaajıramağa qoymasınlamı?ajırama qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to separate? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menajıramağa qoyamaajırama qoyamaI allow someone to separate | senajıramağa qoyasaajırama qoyasayou allow someone to separate | olajıramağa qoyadıajırama qoyadıhe allows someone to separate | bizajıramağa qoyabızajırama qoyabızwe allow someone to separate | sizajıramağa qoyasızajırama qoyasızyou all allow someone to separate | alaajıramağa qoyadılaajırama qoyadılathey allow someone to separate |
| Let someone… (present) | menajıramağa qoymaymaajırama qoymaymaI don't allow someone to separate | senajıramağa qoymaysaajırama qoymaysayou don't allow someone to separate | olajıramağa qoymaydıajırama qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to separate | bizajıramağa qoymaybızajırama qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to separate | sizajıramağa qoymaysızajırama qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to separate | alaajıramağa qoymaydılaajırama qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to separate |
| Let someone… (present) | menajıramağa qoyamamı?ajırama qoyamamı?do I allow someone to separate? | senajıramağa qoyamısa?ajırama qoyamısa?do you allow someone to separate? | olajıramağa qoyamıdı?ajırama qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to separate? | bizajıramağa qoyabızmı?ajırama qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to separate? | sizajıramağa qoyamısız?ajırama qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to separate? | alaajıramağa qoyamıdıla?ajırama qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to separate? |
| Let someone… (present) | menajıramağa qoymaymamı?ajırama qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to separate? | senajıramağa qoymaymısa?ajırama qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to separate? | olajıramağa qoymaymıdı?ajırama qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to separate? | bizajıramağa qoymaybızmı?ajırama qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to separate? | sizajıramağa qoymaymısız?ajırama qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to separate? | alaajıramağa qoymaymıdıla?ajırama qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to separate? |
| Let someone… (past) | menajıramağa qoydumajırama qoydumI allowed someone to separate | senajıramağa qoyduŋajırama qoyduŋyou allowed someone to separate | olajıramağa qoyduajırama qoyduhe allowed someone to separate | bizajıramağa qoyduqajırama qoyduqwe allowed someone to separate | sizajıramağa qoyduğuzajırama qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to separate | alaajıramağa qoydulaajırama qoydulathey allowed someone to separate |
| Let someone… (past) | menajıramağa qoymadımajırama qoymadımI didn't allow someone to separate | senajıramağa qoymadıŋajırama qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to separate | olajıramağa qoymadıajırama qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to separate | bizajıramağa qoymadıqajırama qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to separate | sizajıramağa qoymadığızajırama qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to separate | alaajıramağa qoymadılaajırama qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to separate |
| Let someone… (past) | menajıramağa qoydummu?ajırama qoydummu?did I allow someone to separate? | senajıramağa qoyduŋmu?ajırama qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to separate? | olajıramağa qoydumu?ajırama qoydumu?did he allow someone to separate? | bizajıramağa qoyduqmu?ajırama qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to separate? | sizajıramağa qoyduğuzmu?ajırama qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to separate? | alaajıramağa qoydulamı?ajırama qoydulamı?did they allow someone to separate? |
| Let someone… (past) | menajıramağa qoymadımmı?ajırama qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to separate? | senajıramağa qoymadıŋmı?ajırama qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to separate? | olajıramağa qoymadımı?ajırama qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to separate? | bizajıramağa qoymadıqmı?ajırama qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to separate? | sizajıramağa qoymadığızmı?ajırama qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to separate? | alaajıramağa qoymadılamı?ajırama qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to separate? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
ajırayalırğa be able to separate · ajırayalmazğa be unable to separate
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menajırayalamaI can separate | senajırayalasayou can separate | olajırayaladıhe can separate | bizajırayalabızwe can separate | sizajırayalasızyou all can separate | alaajırayaladılathey can separate |
| Ability — present | menajırayalmaymaI can't separate | senajırayalmaysayou can't separate | olajırayalmaydıhe can't separate | bizajırayalmaybızwe can't separate | sizajırayalmaysızyou all can't separate | alaajırayalmaydılathey can't separate |
| Ability — present | menajırayalamamı? ajırayalamıma?can I separate? | senajırayalamısa?can you separate? | olajırayalamıdı?can he separate? | bizajırayalabızmı? ajırayalamıbız?can we separate? | sizajırayalamısız?can you all separate? | alaajırayalamıdıla?can they separate? |
| Ability — present | menajırayalmaymamı? ajırayalmaymıma?can't I separate? | senajırayalmaymısa?can't you separate? | olajırayalmaymıdı?can't he separate? | bizajırayalmaybızmı? ajırayalmaymıbız?can't we separate? | sizajırayalmaymısız?can't you all separate? | alaajırayalmaymıdıla?can't they separate? |
| Ability — if I can… | menajırayalsamif I can separate | senajırayalsaŋif you can separate | olajırayalsaif he can separate | bizajırayalsaqif we can separate | sizajırayalsağızif you all can separate | alaajırayalsalaif they can separate |
| Ability — if I can… | menajırayalmasamif I can't separate | senajırayalmasaŋif you can't separate | olajırayalmasaif he can't separate | bizajırayalmasaqif we can't separate | sizajırayalmasağızif you all can't separate | alaajırayalmasalaif they can't separate |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menajırayaldımI was able to separate | senajırayaldıŋyou were able to separate | olajırayaldıhe was able to separate | bizajırayaldıqwe were able to separate | sizajırayaldığızyou all were able to separate | alaajırayaldılathey were able to separate |
| Ability — simple past | menajırayalmadımI could not separate | senajırayalmadıŋyou could not separate | olajırayalmadıhe could not separate | bizajırayalmadıqwe could not separate | sizajırayalmadığızyou all could not separate | alaajırayalmadılathey could not separate |
| Ability — simple past | menajırayaldımmı?was I able to separate? | senajırayaldıŋmı?were you able to separate? | olajırayaldımı?was he able to separate? | bizajırayaldıqmı?were we able to separate? | sizajırayaldığızmı?were you all able to separate? | alaajırayaldılamı?were they able to separate? |
| Ability — simple past | menajırayalmadımmı?couldn't I separate? | senajırayalmadıŋmı?couldn't you separate? | olajırayalmadımı?couldn't he separate? | bizajırayalmadıqmı?couldn't we separate? | sizajırayalmadığızmı?couldn't you all separate? | alaajırayalmadılamı?couldn't they separate? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menajırayalğanmaI have been able to separate | senajırayalğansayou have been able to separate | olajırayalğandıhe has been able to separate | bizajırayalğanbızwe have been able to separate | sizajırayalğansızyou all have been able to separate | alaajırayalğandılathey have been able to separate |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menajırayalmağanmaI haven't been able to separate | senajırayalmağansayou haven't been able to separate | olajırayalmağandıhe hasn't been able to separate | bizajırayalmağanbızwe haven't been able to separate | sizajırayalmağansızyou all haven't been able to separate | alaajırayalmağandılathey haven't been able to separate |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menajırayalğanmamı? ajırayalğanmıma?have I been able to separate? | senajırayalğanmısa?have you been able to separate? | olajırayalğanmıdı?has he been able to separate? | bizajırayalğanbızmı? ajırayalğanmıbız?have we been able to separate? | sizajırayalğanmısız?have you all been able to separate? | alaajırayalğanmıdıla?have they been able to separate? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menajırayalmağanmamı? ajırayalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to separate? | senajırayalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to separate? | olajırayalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to separate? | bizajırayalmağanbızmı? ajırayalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to separate? | sizajırayalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to separate? | alaajırayalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to separate? |
| Ability — past perfect | menajırayalğan edimajırayalğanemI had been able to separate | senajırayalğan ediŋajırayalğaneŋyou had been able to separate | olajırayalğan ediajırayalğanedhe had been able to separate | bizajırayalğan edikajırayalğanekwe had been able to separate | sizajırayalğan edigizajırayalğanegizyou all had been able to separate | alaajırayalğan edileajırayalğanellethey had been able to separate |
| Ability — past perfect | menajırayalmağan edimajırayalmağanemI hadn't been able to separate | senajırayalmağan ediŋajırayalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to separate | olajırayalmağan ediajırayalmağanedhe hadn't been able to separate | bizajırayalmağan edikajırayalmağanekwe hadn't been able to separate | sizajırayalmağan edigizajırayalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to separate | alaajırayalmağan edileajırayalmağanellethey hadn't been able to separate |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menajırayala edimajırayalaemI could separate | senajırayala ediŋajırayalaeŋyou could separate | olajırayala ediajırayalaedhe could separate | bizajırayala edikajırayalaekwe could separate | sizajırayala edigizajırayalaegizyou all could separate | alaajırayala edileajırayalaellethey could separate |
| Ability — past background | menajırayalmay edimajırayalmayemI could not separate | senajırayalmay ediŋajırayalmayeŋyou could not separate | olajırayalmay ediajırayalmayedhe could not separate | bizajırayalmay edikajırayalmayekwe could not separate | sizajırayalmay edigizajırayalmayegizyou all could not separate | alaajırayalmay edileajırayalmayellethey could not separate |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menajırayalırmaI will be able to separate | senajırayalırsayou will be able to separate | olajırayalırhe will be able to separate | bizajırayalırbızwe will be able to separate | sizajırayalırsızyou all will be able to separate | alaajırayalırlathey will be able to separate |
| Ability — future I | menajırayalmazmaI won't be able to separate | senajırayalmazsayou won't be able to separate | olajırayalmazhe won't be able to separate | bizajırayalmazbızwe won't be able to separate | sizajırayalmazsızyou all won't be able to separate | alaajırayalmazlathey won't be able to separate |
| Ability — future I | menajırayalırmamı? ajırayalırmıma?will I be able to separate? | senajırayalırmısa?will you be able to separate? | olajırayalırmı?will he be able to separate? | bizajırayalırbızmı? ajırayalırmıbız?will we be able to separate? | sizajırayalırmısız?will you all be able to separate? | alaajırayalırlamı? ajırayalırmıla?will they be able to separate? |
| Ability — future I | menajırayalmazmamı? ajırayalmazmıma?won't I be able to separate? | senajırayalmazmısa?won't you be able to separate? | olajırayalmazmı?won't he be able to separate? | bizajırayalmazbızmı? ajırayalmazmıbız?won't we be able to separate? | sizajırayalmazmısız?won't you all be able to separate? | alaajırayalmazlamı? ajırayalmazmıla?won't they be able to separate? |
| Ability — future II | menajırayallıqmaI am going to be able to separate | senajırayallıqsayou are going to be able to separate | olajırayallıqdıhe is going to be able to separate | bizajırayallıqbızwe are going to be able to separate | sizajırayallıqsızyou all are going to be able to separate | alaajırayallıqdılathey are going to be able to separate |
| Ability — future II | menajırayallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to separate | senajırayallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to separate | olajırayallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to separate | bizajırayallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to separate | sizajırayallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to separate | alaajırayallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to separate |
| Ability — future II | menajırayallıqmamı? ajırayallıqmıma?am I going to be able to separate? | senajırayallıqmısa?are you going to be able to separate? | olajırayallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to separate? | bizajırayallıqbızmı? ajırayallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to separate? | sizajırayallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to separate? | alaajırayallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to separate? |
| Ability — future II | menajırayallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to separate? | senajırayallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to separate? | olajırayallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to separate? | bizajırayallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to separate? | sizajırayallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to separate? | alaajırayallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to separate? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menajırayalır edimajırayalır emI would be able to separate | senajırayalır ediŋajırayalır eŋyou would be able to separate | olajırayalır ediajırayalır edhe would be able to separate | bizajırayalır edikajırayalır ekwe would be able to separate | sizajırayalır edigizajırayalır egizyou all would be able to separate | alaajırayalır edileajırayalır ellethey would be able to separate |
| Ability — would be able to… | menajırayalmaz edimajırayalmaz emI wouldn't be able to separate | senajırayalmaz ediŋajırayalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to separate | olajırayalmaz ediajırayalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to separate | bizajırayalmaz edikajırayalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to separate | sizajırayalmaz edigizajırayalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to separate | alaajırayalmaz edileajırayalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to separate |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senajırayalğınajırayalğımay you be able to separate | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senajırayalmağınajırayalmağımay you not be able to separate | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menajırarğa izleymeI want to separate | senajırarğa izleyseyou want to separate | olajırarğa izleydihe wants to separate | bizajırarğa izleybizwe want to separate | sizajırarğa izleysizyou all want to separate | alaajırarğa izleydilethey want to separate |
| want to | menajırarğa izlemeymeI do not want to separate | senajırarğa izlemeyseyou do not want to separate | olajırarğa izlemeydihe does not want to separate | bizajırarğa izlemeybizwe do not want to separate | sizajırarğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to separate | alaajırarğa izlemeydilethey do not want to separate |
| would like to | menajırarğa süemeI would like to separate | senajırarğa süeseyou would like to separate | olajırarğa süedihe would like to separate | bizajırarğa süebizwe would like to separate | sizajırarğa süesizyou all would like to separate | alaajırarğa süedilethey would like to separate |
| would like to | menajırarğa süymeymeI would not like to separate | senajırarğa süymeyseyou would not like to separate | olajırarğa süymeydihe would not like to separate | bizajırarğa süymeybizwe would not like to separate | sizajırarğa süymeysizyou all would not like to separate | alaajırarğa süymeydilethey would not like to separate |
| hope to | menajırarğa umutlanamaI hope to separate | senajırarğa umutlanasayou hope to separate | olajırarğa umutlanadıhe hopes to separate | bizajırarğa umutlanabızwe hope to separate | sizajırarğa umutlanasızyou all hope to separate | alaajırarğa umutlanadılathey hope to separate |
| hope to | menajırarğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to separate | senajırarğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to separate | olajırarğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to separate | bizajırarğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to separate | sizajırarğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to separate | alaajırarğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to separate |
| be about to | menajırarğa deb turamaI am about to separate | senajırarğa deb turasayou are about to separate | olajırarğa deb turadıhe is about to separate | bizajırarğa deb turabızwe are about to separate | sizajırarğa deb turasızyou all are about to separate | alaajırarğa deb turadılathey are about to separate |
| be about to | menajırarğa deb turmaymaI am not about to separate | senajırarğa deb turmaysayou are not about to separate | olajırarğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to separate | bizajırarğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to separate | sizajırarğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to separate | alaajırarğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to separate |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menajırarğa kerekmeI need to separate | senajırarğa kerekseyou need to separate | olajırarğa kerekdihe needs to separate | bizajırarğa kerekbizwe need to separate | sizajırarğa kereksizyou all need to separate | alaajırarğa kerekdilethey need to separate |
| need to | menajırarğa kerek tülmeI do not need to separate | senajırarğa kerek tülseyou do not need to separate | olajırarğa kerek tüldühe does not need to separate | bizajırarğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to separate | sizajırarğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to separate | alaajırarğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to separate |
| have to | menmenŋe ajırarğa tüşediI have to separate | sensenŋe ajırarğa tüşediyou have to separate | olaŋa ajırarğa tüşedihe has to separate | bizbizge ajırarğa tüşediwe have to separate | sizsizge ajırarğa tüşediyou all have to separate | alaalağa ajırarğa tüşedithey have to separate |
| have to | menmenŋe ajırarğa tüşmeydiI do not have to separate | sensenŋe ajırarğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to separate | olaŋa ajırarğa tüşmeydihe does not have to separate | bizbizge ajırarğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to separate | sizsizge ajırarğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to separate | alaalağa ajırarğa tüşmeydithey do not have to separate |
| be obliged to | menajırarğa borçlumaI am obliged to separate | senajırarğa borçlusayou are obliged to separate | olajırarğa borçluduhe is obliged to separate | bizajırarğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to separate | sizajırarğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to separate | alaajırarğa borçludulathey are obliged to separate |
| be obliged to | menajırarğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to separate | senajırarğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to separate | olajırarğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to separate | bizajırarğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to separate | sizajırarğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to separate | alaajırarğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to separate |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menajırarğa madarım bardıI have a way to separate | senajırarğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to separate | olajırarğa madarı bardıhe has a way to separate | bizajırarğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to separate | sizajırarğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to separate | alaajırarğa madarları bardıthey have a way to separate |
| have a way to | menajırarğa madarım joqduI have no way to separate | senajırarğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to separate | olajırarğa madarı joqduhe has no way to separate | bizajırarğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to separate | sizajırarğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to separate | alaajırarğa madarları joqduthey have no way to separate |
| be free to | menajırarğa erkinligim bardıI am free to separate | senajırarğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to separate | olajırarğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to separate | bizajırarğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to separate | sizajırarğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to separate | alaajırarğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to separate |
| be free to | menajırarğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to separate | senajırarğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to separate | olajırarğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to separate | bizajırarğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to separate | sizajırarğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to separate | alaajırarğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to separate |
| be possible to | menmenŋe ajırarğa bolluqduit is possible for me to separate | sensenŋe ajırarğa bolluqduit is possible for you to separate | olaŋa ajırarğa bolluqduit is possible for him to separate | bizbizge ajırarğa bolluqduit is possible for us to separate | sizsizge ajırarğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to separate | alaalağa ajırarğa bolluqduit is possible for them to separate |
| be possible to | menmenŋe ajırarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to separate | sensenŋe ajırarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to separate | olaŋa ajırarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to separate | bizbizge ajırarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to separate | sizsizge ajırarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to separate | alaalağa ajırarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to separate |
| be ready to | menajırarğa hazırmaI am ready to separate | senajırarğa hazırsayou are ready to separate | olajırarğa hazırdıhe is ready to separate | bizajırarğa hazırbızwe are ready to separate | sizajırarğa hazırsızyou all are ready to separate | alaajırarğa hazırdılathey are ready to separate |
| be ready to | menajırarğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to separate | senajırarğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to separate | olajırarğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to separate | bizajırarğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to separate | sizajırarğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to separate | alaajırarğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to separate |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menajırarğa küreşemeI am trying to separate | senajırarğa küreşeseyou are trying to separate | olajırarğa küreşedihe is trying to separate | bizajırarğa küreşebizwe are trying to separate | sizajırarğa küreşesizyou all are trying to separate | alaajırarğa küreşedilethey are trying to separate |
| try to | menajırarğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to separate | senajırarğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to separate | olajırarğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to separate | bizajırarğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to separate | sizajırarğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to separate | alaajırarğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to separate |
| agree to | menajırarğa unaymaI agree to separate | senajırarğa unaysayou agree to separate | olajırarğa unaydıhe agrees to separate | bizajırarğa unaybızwe agree to separate | sizajırarğa unaysızyou all agree to separate | alaajırarğa unaydılathey agree to separate |
| agree to | menajırarğa unamaymaI refuse to separate | senajırarğa unamaysayou refuse to separate | olajırarğa unamaydıhe refuses to separate | bizajırarğa unamaybızwe refuse to separate | sizajırarğa unamaysızyou all refuse to separate | alaajırarğa unamaydılathey refuse to separate |
| hurry to | menajırarğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to separate | senajırarğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to separate | olajırarğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to separate | bizajırarğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to separate | sizajırarğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to separate | alaajırarğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to separate |
| hurry to | menajırarğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to separate | senajırarğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to separate | olajırarğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to separate | bizajırarğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to separate | sizajırarğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to separate | alaajırarğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to separate |
| be afraid to | menajırarğa qorqamaI am afraid to separate | senajırarğa qorqasayou are afraid to separate | olajırarğa qorqadıhe is afraid to separate | bizajırarğa qorqabızwe are afraid to separate | sizajırarğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to separate | alaajırarğa qorqadılathey are afraid to separate |
| be afraid to | menajırarğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to separate | senajırarğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to separate | olajırarğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to separate | bizajırarğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to separate | sizajırarğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to separate | alaajırarğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to separate |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menajıray bolmazmaI can't be separating | senajıray bolmazsayou can't be separating | olajıray bolmazhe can't be separating | bizajıray bolmazbızwe can't be separating | sizajıray bolmazsızyou all can't be separating | alaajıray bolmazlathey can't be separating |
| Inference, present — double negation | menajıramay bolmazmaI must be separating (emphatic) | senajıramay bolmazsayou must be separating (emphatic) | olajıramay bolmazhe must be separating (emphatic) | bizajıramay bolmazbızwe must be separating (emphatic) | sizajıramay bolmazsızyou all must be separating (emphatic) | alaajıramay bolmazlathey must be separating (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menajıray turmasamif I don't keep separating | senajıray turmasaŋif you don't keep separating | olajıray turmasaif he doesn't keep separating | bizajıray turmasaqif we don't keep separating | sizajıray turmasağızif you all don't keep separating | alaajıray turmasalaif they don't keep separating |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menajıray tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of separating | senajıray tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of separating | olajıray tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of separating | bizajıray tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of separating | sizajıray tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of separating | alaajıray tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of separating |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menajıramay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not separating (emphatic) | senajıramay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not separating (emphatic) | olajıramay tura bolmazhe must keep on not separating (emphatic) | bizajıramay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not separating (emphatic) | sizajıramay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not separating (emphatic) | alaajıramay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not separating (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menajıramay turamaI keep on not separating | senajıramay turasayou keep on not separating | olajıramay turadıhe keeps on not separating | bizajıramay turabızwe keep on not separating | sizajıramay turasızyou all keep on not separating | alaajıramay turadılathey keep on not separating |
| Progressive — double negation | menajıramay turmaymaI am not keeping on not separating | senajıramay turmaysayou are not keeping on not separating | olajıramay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not separating | bizajıramay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not separating | sizajıramay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not separating | alaajıramay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not separating |
| Progressive — double negation | menajıramay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not separating? | senajıramay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not separating? | olajıramay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not separating? | bizajıramay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not separating? | sizajıramay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not separating? | alaajıramay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not separating? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menajırağan bolmazmaI can't have separated | senajırağan bolmazsayou can't have separated | olajırağan bolmazhe can't have separated | bizajırağan bolmazbızwe can't have separated | sizajırağan bolmazsızyou all can't have separated | alaajırağan bolmazlathey can't have separated |
| Inference — double negation | menajıramağan bolmazmaI must have separated (emphatic) | senajıramağan bolmazsayou must have separated (emphatic) | olajıramağan bolmazhe must have separated (emphatic) | bizajıramağan bolmazbızwe must have separated (emphatic) | sizajıramağan bolmazsızyou all must have separated (emphatic) | alaajıramağan bolmazlathey must have separated (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menajırağan bolmasamif it weren't that I had separated | senajırağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had separated | olajırağan bolmasaif it weren't that he had separated | bizajırağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had separated | sizajırağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had separated | alaajırağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had separated |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menajıramağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't separated | senajıramağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't separated | olajıramağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't separated | bizajıramağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't separated | sizajıramağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't separated | alaajıramağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't separated |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menajırarıq bolmazmaI can't be going to separate | senajırarıq bolmazsayou can't be going to separate | olajırarıq bolmazhe can't be going to separate | bizajırarıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to separate | sizajırarıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to separate | alaajırarıq bolmazlathey can't be going to separate |
| Inference, future — double negation | menajıramazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to separate (emphatic) | senajıramazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to separate (emphatic) | olajıramazlıq bolmazhe must be going to separate (emphatic) | bizajıramazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to separate (emphatic) | sizajıramazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to separate (emphatic) | alaajıramazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to separate (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menajırarıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to separate | senajırarıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to separate | olajırarıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to separate | bizajırarıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to separate | sizajırarıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to separate | alaajırarıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to separate |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menajıramazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to separate | senajıramazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to separate | olajıramazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to separate | bizajıramazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to separate | sizajıramazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to separate | alaajıramazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to separate |