şef
/ʃef/ · plural şefle
1. patron, patron organization: a person or organization that takes on giving organized assistance to another — Before another noun it means patron's, of patronage: şef boluşluq patronage assistance, şef işleni ayaq üsüne salırğa improve the patronage work.
- şefge alırğa — to take under patronage
- şef işle — the work of a patron body
- şef işleni ayaq üsüne salırğa — to improve the patronage work
- şefleni boluşluqları — the assistance of the patron bodies
- men kolhoz tayçıqnı şefge allıqma — I will take the collective farm's foal under my patronage
2. boss, chief, head of an organization or group one source
- meni şefim qatı adamdı — my boss is a strict person
- şef bügün işde tüldü — the boss is not at work today
- şefge aytırğa kerekdi — we need to tell the boss
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | şefthe patron organization | şefimmy patron organization | şefiŋyour patron organization | şefihis patron organization | şefibizour patron organization | şefigizyou all's patron organization | şefleritheir patron organizations |
| Genitive | şefnithe patron organization's | şefimimy patron organization's | şefiŋiyour patron organization's | şefinihis patron organization's | şefibizniour patron organization's | şefigizniyou all's patron organization's | şeflerinitheir patron organizations' |
| Accusative | şefnithe patron organization (as the object) | şefimimy patron organization (as the object) | şefiŋiyour patron organization (as the object) | şefinhis patron organization (as the object) | şefibizniour patron organization (as the object) | şefigizniyou all's patron organization (as the object) | şeflerintheir patron organizations (as the object) |
| Dative | şefgeto the patron organization | şefimeto my patron organization | şefiŋeto your patron organization | şefineto his patron organization | şefibizgeto our patron organization | şefigizgeto you all's patron organization | şeflerineto their patron organizations |
| Locative | şefdein / at the patron organization | şefimdein / at my patron organization | şefiŋdein / at your patron organization | şefindein / at his patron organization | şefibizdein / at our patron organization | şefigizdein / at you all's patron organization | şeflerindein / at their patron organizations |
| Ablative | şefdenfrom the patron organization | şefimdenfrom my patron organization | şefiŋdenfrom your patron organization | şefindenfrom his patron organization | şefibizdenfrom our patron organization | şefigizdenfrom you all's patron organization | şeflerindenfrom their patron organizations |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | şeflethe patron organizations | şeflerimmy patron organizations | şefleriŋyour patron organizations | şeflerihis patron organizations | şefleribizour patron organizations | şeflerigizyou all's patron organizations | şefleritheir patron organizations |
| Genitive | şeflenithe patron organizations' | şeflerimimy patron organizations' | şefleriŋiyour patron organizations' | şeflerinihis patron organizations' | şefleribizniour patron organizations' | şeflerigizniyou all's patron organizations' | şeflerinitheir patron organizations' |
| Accusative | şeflenithe patron organizations (as the object) | şeflerimimy patron organizations (as the object) | şefleriŋiyour patron organizations (as the object) | şeflerinhis patron organizations (as the object) | şefleribizniour patron organizations (as the object) | şeflerigizniyou all's patron organizations (as the object) | şeflerintheir patron organizations (as the object) |
| Dative | şeflegeto the patron organizations | şeflerimeto my patron organizations | şefleriŋeto your patron organizations | şeflerineto his patron organizations | şefleribizgeto our patron organizations | şeflerigizgeto you all's patron organizations | şeflerineto their patron organizations |
| Locative | şefledein / at the patron organizations | şeflerimdein / at my patron organizations | şefleriŋdein / at your patron organizations | şeflerindein / at his patron organizations | şefleribizdein / at our patron organizations | şeflerigizdein / at you all's patron organizations | şeflerindein / at their patron organizations |
| Ablative | şefledenfrom the patron organizations | şeflerimdenfrom my patron organizations | şefleriŋdenfrom your patron organizations | şeflerindenfrom his patron organizations | şefleribizdenfrom our patron organizations | şeflerigizdenfrom you all's patron organizations | şeflerindenfrom their patron organizations |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: şefleri can mean "his / her patron organizations", "their patron organization", or "their patron organizations" — context decides.
Whose it is
| Case | one thing, one owner | several things, one owner | one thing, several owners | several things, several owners |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | şefnikithe patron organization's one | şefnikilethe patron organization's ones | şeflenikithe patron organizations' one | şeflenikilethe patron organizations' ones |
| Genitive | şefnikiniof the patron organization's one | şefnikileniof the patron organization's ones | şeflenikiniof the patron organizations' one | şeflenikileniof the patron organizations' ones |
| Accusative | şefnikinthe patron organization's one (as the object) | şefnikilenithe patron organization's ones (as the object) | şeflenikinthe patron organizations' one (as the object) | şeflenikilenithe patron organizations' ones (as the object) |
| Dative | şefnikineto the patron organization's one | şefnikilegeto the patron organization's ones | şeflenikineto the patron organizations' one | şeflenikilegeto the patron organizations' ones |
| Locative | şefnikindein / at the patron organization's one | şefnikiledein / at the patron organization's ones | şeflenikindein / at the patron organizations' one | şeflenikiledein / at the patron organizations' ones |
| Ablative | şefnikindenfrom the patron organization's one | şefnikiledenfrom the patron organization's ones | şeflenikindenfrom the patron organizations' one | şeflenikiledenfrom the patron organizations' ones |
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.