totlanırğa
/totlanɯrʁa/
rust, get rusty, become covered in rust — Said of iron and other metals that turn reddish brown after standing a long time in water or in a damp place.
- altın totlanmaydı — gold does not rust
- bıçağım totlanıb qalğandı — my knife has gotten rusty
Conjugation
Common forms
- totlanadıhe is rusting
- totlandıhe rusted
- totlanŋandıhe has rusted
- totlanırhe will rust
- totlannıqdıhe is going to rust
- totlana edihe was rusting
- totlansaif he rusts
- totlan!rust!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentotlanamaI am rusting | sentotlanasayou are rusting | oltotlanadıhe is rusting | biztotlanabızwe are rusting | siztotlanasızyou all are rusting | alatotlanadılathey are rusting |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentotlanmaymaI am not rusting | sentotlanmaysayou are not rusting | oltotlanmaydıhe is not rusting | biztotlanmaybızwe are not rusting | siztotlanmaysızyou all are not rusting | alatotlanmaydılathey are not rusting |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentotlanamamı? totlanamıma?am I rusting? | sentotlanamısa?are you rusting? | oltotlanamıdı?is he rusting? | biztotlanabızmı? totlanamıbız?are we rusting? | siztotlanamısız?are you all rusting? | alatotlanamıdıla?are they rusting? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentotlanmaymamı? totlanmaymıma?aren't I rusting? | sentotlanmaymısa?aren't you rusting? | oltotlanmaymıdı?isn't he rusting? | biztotlanmaybızmı? totlanmaymıbız?aren't we rusting? | siztotlanmaymısız?aren't you all rusting? | alatotlanmaymıdıla?aren't they rusting? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentotlanıwçanmaI usually rust | sentotlanıwçansayou usually rust | oltotlanıwçandıhe usually rusts | biztotlanıwçanbızwe usually rust | siztotlanıwçansızyou all usually rust | alatotlanıwçandılathey usually rust |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentotlanmawçanmaI usually don't rust | sentotlanmawçansayou usually don't rust | oltotlanmawçandıhe usually doesn't rust | biztotlanmawçanbızwe usually don't rust | siztotlanmawçansızyou all usually don't rust | alatotlanmawçandılathey usually don't rust |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentotlanıwçanmamı? totlanıwçanmıma?do I usually rust? | sentotlanıwçanmısa?do you usually rust? | oltotlanıwçanmıdı?does he usually rust? | biztotlanıwçanbızmı? totlanıwçanmıbız?do we usually rust? | siztotlanıwçanmısız?do you all usually rust? | alatotlanıwçanmıdıla?do they usually rust? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentotlanmawçanmamı? totlanmawçanmıma?do I usually not rust? | sentotlanmawçanmısa?do you usually not rust? | oltotlanmawçanmıdı?does he usually not rust? | biztotlanmawçanbızmı? totlanmawçanmıbız?do we usually not rust? | siztotlanmawçanmısız?do you all usually not rust? | alatotlanmawçanmıdıla?do they usually not rust? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oltotlanıbdıhe has rusted and remains so | alatotlanıbdılathey have rusted and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oltotlanıbmıdı?has he rusted? | alatotlanıbmıdıla?have they rusted? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentotlanıb turamaI keep rusting | sentotlanıb turasayou keep rusting | oltotlanıb turadıhe keeps rusting | biztotlanıb turabızwe keep rusting | siztotlanıb turasızyou all keep rusting | alatotlanıb turadılathey keep rusting |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentotlanıb turmaymaI don't keep rusting | sentotlanıb turmaysayou don't keep rusting | oltotlanıb turmaydıhe doesn't keep rusting | biztotlanıb turmaybızwe don't keep rusting | siztotlanıb turmaysızyou all don't keep rusting | alatotlanıb turmaydılathey don't keep rusting |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentotlanıb turamamı? totlanıb turamıma?do I keep rusting? | sentotlanıb turamısa?do you keep rusting? | oltotlanıb turamıdı?does he keep rusting? | biztotlanıb turabızmı? totlanıb turamıbız?do we keep rusting? | siztotlanıb turamısız?do you all keep rusting? | alatotlanıb turamıdıla?do they keep rusting? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentotlanıb turmaymamı? totlanıb turmaymıma?don't I keep rusting? | sentotlanıb turmaymısa?don't you keep rusting? | oltotlanıb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep rusting? | biztotlanıb turmaybızmı? totlanıb turmaymıbız?don't we keep rusting? | siztotlanıb turmaymısız?don't you all keep rusting? | alatotlanıb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep rusting? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentotlana turamaI am in the middle of rusting | sentotlana turasayou are in the middle of rusting | oltotlana turadıhe is in the middle of rusting | biztotlana turabızwe are in the middle of rusting | siztotlana turasızyou all are in the middle of rusting | alatotlana turadılathey are in the middle of rusting |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentotlana turmaymaI am not in the middle of rusting | sentotlana turmaysayou are not in the middle of rusting | oltotlana turmaydıhe is not in the middle of rusting | biztotlana turmaybızwe are not in the middle of rusting | siztotlana turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of rusting | alatotlana turmaydılathey are not in the middle of rusting |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentotlana turamamı? totlana turamıma?am I in the middle of rusting? | sentotlana turamısa?are you in the middle of rusting? | oltotlana turamıdı?is he in the middle of rusting? | biztotlana turabızmı? totlana turamıbız?are we in the middle of rusting? | siztotlana turamısız?are you all in the middle of rusting? | alatotlana turamıdıla?are they in the middle of rusting? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentotlana turmaymamı? totlana turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of rusting? | sentotlana turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of rusting? | oltotlana turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of rusting? | biztotlana turmaybızmı? totlana turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of rusting? | siztotlana turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of rusting? | alatotlana turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of rusting? |
| Simple past (definite) | mentotlandımI rusted | sentotlandıŋyou rusted | oltotlandıhe rusted | biztotlandıqwe rusted | siztotlandığızyou all rusted | alatotlandılathey rusted |
| Simple past (definite) | mentotlanmadımI didn't rust | sentotlanmadıŋyou didn't rust | oltotlanmadıhe didn't rust | biztotlanmadıqwe didn't rust | siztotlanmadığızyou all didn't rust | alatotlanmadılathey didn't rust |
| Simple past (definite) | mentotlandımmı?did I rust? | sentotlandıŋmı?did you rust? | oltotlandımı?did he rust? | biztotlandıqmı?did we rust? | siztotlandığızmı?did you all rust? | alatotlandılamı?did they rust? |
| Simple past (definite) | mentotlanmadımmı?didn't I rust? | sentotlanmadıŋmı?didn't you rust? | oltotlanmadımı?didn't he rust? | biztotlanmadıqmı?didn't we rust? | siztotlanmadığızmı?didn't you all rust? | alatotlanmadılamı?didn't they rust? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentotlanŋanmaI have rusted | sentotlanŋansayou have rusted | oltotlanŋandıhe has rusted | biztotlanŋanbızwe have rusted | siztotlanŋansızyou all have rusted | alatotlanŋandılathey have rusted |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentotlanmağanmaI haven't rusted | sentotlanmağansayou haven't rusted | oltotlanmağandıhe hasn't rusted | biztotlanmağanbızwe haven't rusted | siztotlanmağansızyou all haven't rusted | alatotlanmağandılathey haven't rusted |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentotlanŋanmamı? totlanŋanmıma?have I rusted? | sentotlanŋanmısa?have you rusted? | oltotlanŋanmıdı?has he rusted? | biztotlanŋanbızmı? totlanŋanmıbız?have we rusted? | siztotlanŋanmısız?have you all rusted? | alatotlanŋanmıdıla?have they rusted? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentotlanmağanmamı? totlanmağanmıma?haven't I rusted? | sentotlanmağanmısa?haven't you rusted? | oltotlanmağanmıdı?hasn't he rusted? | biztotlanmağanbızmı? totlanmağanmıbız?haven't we rusted? | siztotlanmağanmısız?haven't you all rusted? | alatotlanmağanmıdıla?haven't they rusted? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mentotlanıb turdumI kept rusting | sentotlanıb turduŋyou kept rusting | oltotlanıb turduhe kept rusting | biztotlanıb turduqwe kept rusting | siztotlanıb turduğuzyou all kept rusting | alatotlanıb turdulathey kept rusting |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mentotlanıb turmadımI didn't keep rusting | sentotlanıb turmadıŋyou didn't keep rusting | oltotlanıb turmadıhe didn't keep rusting | biztotlanıb turmadıqwe didn't keep rusting | siztotlanıb turmadığızyou all didn't keep rusting | alatotlanıb turmadılathey didn't keep rusting |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentotlanırmaI will rust | sentotlanırsayou will rust | oltotlanırhe will rust | biztotlanırbızwe will rust | siztotlanırsızyou all will rust | alatotlanırlathey will rust |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentotlanmazmaI won't rust | sentotlanmazsayou won't rust | oltotlanmazhe won't rust | biztotlanmazbızwe won't rust | siztotlanmazsızyou all won't rust | alatotlanmazlathey won't rust |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentotlanırmamı? totlanırmıma?will I rust? | sentotlanırmısa?will you rust? | oltotlanırmı?will he rust? | biztotlanırbızmı? totlanırmıbız?will we rust? | siztotlanırmısız?will you all rust? | alatotlanırlamı? totlanırmıla?will they rust? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentotlanmazmamı? totlanmazmıma?won't I rust? | sentotlanmazmısa?won't you rust? | oltotlanmazmı?won't he rust? | biztotlanmazbızmı? totlanmazmıbız?won't we rust? | siztotlanmazmısız?won't you all rust? | alatotlanmazlamı? totlanmazmıla?won't they rust? |
| Definite future (future II) | mentotlannıqma1totlanırıqmaI am going to rust | sentotlannıqsa1totlanırıqsayou are going to rust | oltotlannıqdı1totlanırıqdıhe is going to rust | biztotlannıqbız1totlanırıqbızwe are going to rust | siztotlannıqsız1totlanırıqsızyou all are going to rust | alatotlannıqdıla1totlanırıqdılathey are going to rust |
| Definite future (future II) | mentotlannıq tülme1totlanırıq tülmeI am not going to rust | sentotlannıq tülse1totlanırıq tülseyou are not going to rust | oltotlannıq tüldü1totlanırıq tüldühe is not going to rust | biztotlannıq tülbüz1totlanırıq tülbüzwe are not going to rust | siztotlannıq tülsüz1totlanırıq tülsüzyou all are not going to rust | alatotlannıq tüldüle1totlanırıq tüldülethey are not going to rust |
| Definite future (future II) | mentotlannıqmamı?1 totlannıqmıma?totlanırıqmamı?am I going to rust? | sentotlannıqmısa?1totlanırıqmısa?are you going to rust? | oltotlannıqmıdı?1totlanırıqmıdı?is he going to rust? | biztotlannıqbızmı?1 totlannıqmıbız?totlanırıqbızmı?are we going to rust? | siztotlannıqmısız?1totlanırıqmısız?are you all going to rust? | alatotlannıqmıdıla?1totlanırıqmıdıla?are they going to rust? |
| Definite future (future II) | mentotlannıq tülmüme?1totlanırıq tülmüme?aren't I going to rust? | sentotlannıq tülmüse?1totlanırıq tülmüse?aren't you going to rust? | oltotlannıq tülmüdü?1totlanırıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to rust? | biztotlannıq tülmübüz?1totlanırıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to rust? | siztotlannıq tülmüsüz?1totlanırıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to rust? | alatotlannıq tülmüdüle?1totlanırıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to rust? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Definite future (future II)full form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so totlanırıqdı
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mentotlanŋan edimtotlanŋanemI had rusted | sentotlanŋan ediŋtotlanŋaneŋyou had rusted | oltotlanŋan editotlanŋanedhe had rusted | biztotlanŋan ediktotlanŋanekwe had rusted | siztotlanŋan edigiztotlanŋanegizyou all had rusted | alatotlanŋan ediletotlanŋanellethey had rusted |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mentotlanmağan edimtotlanmağanemI hadn't rusted | sentotlanmağan ediŋtotlanmağaneŋyou hadn't rusted | oltotlanmağan editotlanmağanedhe hadn't rusted | biztotlanmağan ediktotlanmağanekwe hadn't rusted | siztotlanmağan edigiztotlanmağanegizyou all hadn't rusted | alatotlanmağan ediletotlanmağanellethey hadn't rusted |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mentotlana edimtotlanaemI was rusting | sentotlana ediŋtotlanaeŋyou were rusting | oltotlana editotlanaedhe was rusting | biztotlana ediktotlanaekwe were rusting | siztotlana edigiztotlanaegizyou all were rusting | alatotlana ediletotlanaellethey were rusting |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mentotlanmay edimtotlanmayemI wasn't rusting | sentotlanmay ediŋtotlanmayeŋyou weren't rusting | oltotlanmay editotlanmayedhe wasn't rusting | biztotlanmay ediktotlanmayekwe weren't rusting | siztotlanmay edigiztotlanmayegizyou all weren't rusting | alatotlanmay ediletotlanmayellethey weren't rusting |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | mentotlanıwçan edimtotlanıwçanemI used to rust | sentotlanıwçan ediŋtotlanıwçaneŋyou used to rust | oltotlanıwçan editotlanıwçanedhe used to rust | biztotlanıwçan ediktotlanıwçanekwe used to rust | siztotlanıwçan edigiztotlanıwçanegizyou all used to rust | alatotlanıwçan ediletotlanıwçanellethey used to rust |
| Habitual past (used to) | mentotlanmawçan edimtotlanmawçanemI didn't use to rust | sentotlanmawçan ediŋtotlanmawçaneŋyou didn't use to rust | oltotlanmawçan editotlanmawçanedhe didn't use to rust | biztotlanmawçan ediktotlanmawçanekwe didn't use to rust | siztotlanmawçan edigiztotlanmawçanegizyou all didn't use to rust | alatotlanmawçan ediletotlanmawçanellethey didn't use to rust |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oltotlanıb edihe had rusted and remained so | alatotlanıb edilethey had rusted and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oltotlanıb tül edihe hadn't rusted | alatotlanıb tül edilethey hadn't rusted | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mentotlanıb tura edimtotlanıb turaemI had kept rusting | sentotlanıb tura ediŋtotlanıb turaeŋyou had kept rusting | oltotlanıb tura editotlanıb turaedhe had kept rusting | biztotlanıb tura ediktotlanıb turaekwe had kept rusting | siztotlanıb tura edigiztotlanıb turaegizyou all had kept rusting | alatotlanıb tura ediletotlanıb turaellethey had kept rusting |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mentotlanıb turmay edimtotlanıb turmayemI hadn't kept rusting | sentotlanıb turmay ediŋtotlanıb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept rusting | oltotlanıb turmay editotlanıb turmayedhe hadn't kept rusting | biztotlanıb turmay ediktotlanıb turmayekwe hadn't kept rusting | siztotlanıb turmay edigiztotlanıb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept rusting | alatotlanıb turmay ediletotlanıb turmayellethey hadn't kept rusting |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mentotlana tura edimtotlana turaemI was in the middle of rusting | sentotlana tura ediŋtotlana turaeŋyou were in the middle of rusting | oltotlana tura editotlana turaedhe was in the middle of rusting | biztotlana tura ediktotlana turaekwe were in the middle of rusting | siztotlana tura edigiztotlana turaegizyou all were in the middle of rusting | alatotlana tura ediletotlana turaellethey were in the middle of rusting |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mentotlana turmay edimtotlana turmayemI wasn't in the middle of rusting | sentotlana turmay ediŋtotlana turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of rusting | oltotlana turmay editotlana turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of rusting | biztotlana turmay ediktotlana turmayekwe weren't in the middle of rusting | siztotlana turmay edigiztotlana turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of rusting | alatotlana turmay ediletotlana turmayellethey weren't in the middle of rusting |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | mentotlanır edimtotlanır emI would rust | sentotlanır ediŋtotlanır eŋyou would rust | oltotlanır editotlanır edhe would rust | biztotlanır ediktotlanır ekwe would rust | siztotlanır edigiztotlanır egizyou all would rust | alatotlanır ediletotlanır ellethey would rust |
| Conditional result (would) | mentotlanmaz edimtotlanmaz emI wouldn't rust | sentotlanmaz ediŋtotlanmaz eŋyou wouldn't rust | oltotlanmaz editotlanmaz edhe wouldn't rust | biztotlanmaz ediktotlanmaz ekwe wouldn't rust | siztotlanmaz edigiztotlanmaz egizyou all wouldn't rust | alatotlanmaz ediletotlanmaz ellethey wouldn't rust |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | mentotlannıq edim2totlannıq emtotlanırıq edimI would have rusted | sentotlannıq ediŋ2totlannıq eŋtotlanırıq ediŋyou would have rusted | oltotlannıq edi2totlannıq edtotlanırıq edihe would have rusted | biztotlannıq edik2totlannıq ektotlanırıq edikwe would have rusted | siztotlannıq edigiz2totlannıq egiztotlanırıq edigizyou all would have rusted | alatotlannıq edile2totlannıq elletotlanırıq edilethey would have rusted |
| Past conditional result (would have) | mentotlannıq tül edim2totlannıq tül emtotlanırıq tül edimI wouldn't have rusted | sentotlannıq tül ediŋ2totlannıq tül eŋtotlanırıq tül ediŋyou wouldn't have rusted | oltotlannıq tül edi2totlannıq tül edtotlanırıq tül edihe wouldn't have rusted | biztotlannıq tül edik2totlannıq tül ektotlanırıq tül edikwe wouldn't have rusted | siztotlannıq tül edigiz2totlannıq tül egiztotlanırıq tül edigizyou all wouldn't have rusted | alatotlannıq tül edile2totlannıq tül elletotlanırıq tül edilethey wouldn't have rusted |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
- Past conditional result (would have)full form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so totlanırıq edi
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | mentotlansamif I rust | sentotlansaŋif you rust | oltotlansaif he rusts | biztotlansaqif we rust | siztotlansağızif you all rust | alatotlansalaif they rust |
| Conditional | mentotlanmasamif I don't rust | sentotlanmasaŋif you don't rust | oltotlanmasaif he doesn't rust | biztotlanmasaqif we don't rust | siztotlanmasağızif you all don't rust | alatotlanmasalaif they don't rust |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | mentotlana esemif I am rusting | sentotlana eseŋif you are rusting | oltotlana eseif he is rusting | biztotlana esekif we are rusting | siztotlana esegizif you all are rusting | alatotlana eseleif they are rusting |
| Conditional, present real | mentotlanmay esemif I am not rusting | sentotlanmay eseŋif you are not rusting | oltotlanmay eseif he is not rusting | biztotlanmay esekif we are not rusting | siztotlanmay esegizif you all are not rusting | alatotlanmay eseleif they are not rusting |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mentotlansam editotlansam edif only I rusted | sentotlansaŋ editotlansaŋ edif only you rusted | oltotlansa editotlansaedif only he rusted | biztotlansaq editotlansaq edif only we rusted | siztotlansağız editotlansağız edif only you all rusted | alatotlansala editotlansalaedif only they rusted |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mentotlanmasam editotlanmasam edif only I didn't rust | sentotlanmasaŋ editotlanmasaŋ edif only you didn't rust | oltotlanmasa editotlanmasaedif only he didn't rust | biztotlanmasaq editotlanmasaq edif only we didn't rust | siztotlanmasağız editotlanmasağız edif only you all didn't rust | alatotlanmasala editotlanmasalaedif only they didn't rust |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | mentotlanıb tursamif I carry on rusting | sentotlanıb tursaŋif you carry on rusting | oltotlanıb tursaif he carries on rusting | biztotlanıb tursaqif we carry on rusting | siztotlanıb tursağızif you all carry on rusting | alatotlanıb tursalaif they carry on rusting |
| Durative conditional | mentotlanıb turmasamif I don't carry on rusting | sentotlanıb turmasaŋif you don't carry on rusting | oltotlanıb turmasaif he doesn't carry on rusting | biztotlanıb turmasaqif we don't carry on rusting | siztotlanıb turmasağızif you all don't carry on rusting | alatotlanıb turmasalaif they don't carry on rusting |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | mentotlanıb tura esemif I have kept rusting | sentotlanıb tura eseŋif you have kept rusting | oltotlanıb tura eseif he has kept rusting | biztotlanıb tura esekif we have kept rusting | siztotlanıb tura esegizif you all have kept rusting | alatotlanıb tura eseleif they have kept rusting |
| Durative conditional, present real | mentotlanıb turmay esemif I haven't kept rusting | sentotlanıb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept rusting | oltotlanıb turmay eseif he hasn't kept rusting | biztotlanıb turmay esekif we haven't kept rusting | siztotlanıb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept rusting | alatotlanıb turmay eseleif they haven't kept rusting |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | mentotlana tursamif I keep rusting | sentotlana tursaŋif you keep rusting | oltotlana tursaif he keeps rusting | biztotlana tursaqif we keep rusting | siztotlana tursağızif you all keep rusting | alatotlana tursalaif they keep rusting |
| Progressive conditional | mentotlanmay tursamif I keep on not rusting | sentotlanmay tursaŋif you keep on not rusting | oltotlanmay tursaif he keeps on not rusting | biztotlanmay tursaqif we keep on not rusting | siztotlanmay tursağızif you all keep on not rusting | alatotlanmay tursalaif they keep on not rusting |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | mentotlana tura esemif I am in the middle of rusting | sentotlana tura eseŋif you are in the middle of rusting | oltotlana tura eseif he is in the middle of rusting | biztotlana tura esekif we are in the middle of rusting | siztotlana tura esegizif you all are in the middle of rusting | alatotlana tura eseleif they are in the middle of rusting |
| Progressive conditional, present real | mentotlanmay tura esemif I keep on not rusting | sentotlanmay tura eseŋif you keep on not rusting | oltotlanmay tura eseif he keeps on not rusting | biztotlanmay tura esekif we keep on not rusting | siztotlanmay tura esegizif you all keep on not rusting | alatotlanmay tura eseleif they keep on not rusting |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past3 | mentotlandım esemif I rusted | sentotlandıŋ eseŋif you rusted | oltotlandı eseif he rusted | biztotlandıq esekif we rusted | siztotlandığız esegizif you all rusted | alatotlandıla eseleif they rusted |
| Conditional, definite past3 | mentotlanmadım esemif I didn't rust | sentotlanmadıŋ eseŋif you didn't rust | oltotlanmadı eseif he didn't rust | biztotlanmadıq esekif we didn't rust | siztotlanmadığız esegizif you all didn't rust | alatotlanmadıla eseleif they didn't rust |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | mentotlanŋan esemif I did rust (indeed) | sentotlanŋan eseŋif you did rust (indeed) | oltotlanŋan eseif he did rust (indeed) | biztotlanŋan esekif we did rust (indeed) | siztotlanŋan esegizif you all did rust (indeed) | alatotlanŋan eseleif they did rust (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | mentotlanmağan esemif I didn't rust (indeed) | sentotlanmağan eseŋif you didn't rust (indeed) | oltotlanmağan eseif he didn't rust (indeed) | biztotlanmağan esekif we didn't rust (indeed) | siztotlanmağan esegizif you all didn't rust (indeed) | alatotlanmağan eseleif they didn't rust (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | mentotlanŋan bolsamif I had rusted | sentotlanŋan bolsaŋif you had rusted | oltotlanŋan bolsaif he had rusted | biztotlanŋan bolsaqif we had rusted | siztotlanŋan bolsağızif you all had rusted | alatotlanŋan bolsalaif they had rusted |
| Conditional, counterfactual | mentotlanmağan bolsamif I hadn't rusted | sentotlanmağan bolsaŋif you hadn't rusted | oltotlanmağan bolsaif he hadn't rusted | biztotlanmağan bolsaqif we hadn't rusted | siztotlanmağan bolsağızif you all hadn't rusted | alatotlanmağan bolsalaif they hadn't rusted |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mentotlanŋan bolsam editotlanŋan bolsam edif only I had rusted | sentotlanŋan bolsaŋ editotlanŋan bolsaŋ edif only you had rusted | oltotlanŋan bolsa editotlanŋan bolsaedif only he had rusted | biztotlanŋan bolsaq editotlanŋan bolsaq edif only we had rusted | siztotlanŋan bolsağız editotlanŋan bolsağız edif only you all had rusted | alatotlanŋan bolsala editotlanŋan bolsalaedif only they had rusted |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mentotlanmağan bolsam editotlanmağan bolsam edif only I hadn't rusted | sentotlanmağan bolsaŋ editotlanmağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't rusted | oltotlanmağan bolsa editotlanmağan bolsaedif only he hadn't rusted | biztotlanmağan bolsaq editotlanmağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't rusted | siztotlanmağan bolsağız editotlanmağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't rusted | alatotlanmağan bolsala editotlanmağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't rusted |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | mentotlanır esemif I will rust | sentotlanır eseŋif you will rust | oltotlanır eseif he will rust | biztotlanır esekif we will rust | siztotlanır esegizif you all will rust | alatotlanır eseleif they will rust |
| Conditional, aorist | mentotlanmaz esemif I won't rust | sentotlanmaz eseŋif you won't rust | oltotlanmaz eseif he won't rust | biztotlanmaz esekif we won't rust | siztotlanmaz esegizif you all won't rust | alatotlanmaz eseleif they won't rust |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | mentotlannıq esem4totlanırıq esemif I am going to rust | sentotlannıq eseŋ4totlanırıq eseŋif you are going to rust | oltotlannıq ese4totlanırıq eseif he is going to rust | biztotlannıq esek4totlanırıq esekif we are going to rust | siztotlannıq esegiz4totlanırıq esegizif you all are going to rust | alatotlannıq esele4totlanırıq eseleif they are going to rust |
| Conditional, future | mentotlannıq tül esem4totlanırıq tül esemif I am not going to rust | sentotlannıq tül eseŋ4totlanırıq tül eseŋif you are not going to rust | oltotlannıq tül ese4totlanırıq tül eseif he is not going to rust | biztotlannıq tül esek4totlanırıq tül esekif we are not going to rust | siztotlannıq tül esegiz4totlanırıq tül esegizif you all are not going to rust | alatotlannıq tül esele4totlanırıq tül eseleif they are not going to rust |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mentotlannıq bolsam5totlanırıq bolsamif I were going to rust | sentotlannıq bolsaŋ5totlanırıq bolsaŋif you were going to rust | oltotlannıq bolsa5totlanırıq bolsaif he were going to rust | biztotlannıq bolsaq5totlanırıq bolsaqif we were going to rust | siztotlannıq bolsağız5totlanırıq bolsağızif you all were going to rust | alatotlannıq bolsala5totlanırıq bolsalaif they were going to rust |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mentotlanmazlıq bolsamif I were not going to rust | sentotlanmazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to rust | oltotlanmazlıq bolsaif he were not going to rust | biztotlanmazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to rust | siztotlanmazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to rust | alatotlanmazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to rust |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso totlandıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
- Conditional, futurefull form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so totlanırıq ese
- Conditional, counterfactual futurefull form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so totlanırıq bolsa
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mentotlana bolurmaI must be rusting | sentotlana bolursayou must be rusting | oltotlana bolurhe must be rusting | biztotlana bolurbuzwe must be rusting | siztotlana bolursuzyou all must be rusting | alatotlana bolurlathey must be rusting |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mentotlanmay bolurmaI must not be rusting | sentotlanmay bolursayou must not be rusting | oltotlanmay bolurhe must not be rusting | biztotlanmay bolurbuzwe must not be rusting | siztotlanmay bolursuzyou all must not be rusting | alatotlanmay bolurlathey must not be rusting |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mentotlana tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of rusting | sentotlana tura bolursayou must be in the middle of rusting | oltotlana tura bolurhe must be in the middle of rusting | biztotlana tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of rusting | siztotlana tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of rusting | alatotlana tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of rusting |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mentotlanmay tura bolurmaI must keep on not rusting | sentotlanmay tura bolursayou must keep on not rusting | oltotlanmay tura bolurhe must keep on not rusting | biztotlanmay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not rusting | siztotlanmay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not rusting | alatotlanmay tura bolurlathey must keep on not rusting |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | mentotlanŋan bolurmaI must have rusted | sentotlanŋan bolursayou must have rusted | oltotlanŋan bolurhe must have rusted | biztotlanŋan bolurbuzwe must have rusted | siztotlanŋan bolursuzyou all must have rusted | alatotlanŋan bolurlathey must have rusted |
| Inference (must have) | mentotlanmağan bolurmaI must not have rusted | sentotlanmağan bolursayou must not have rusted | oltotlanmağan bolurhe must not have rusted | biztotlanmağan bolurbuzwe must not have rusted | siztotlanmağan bolursuzyou all must not have rusted | alatotlanmağan bolurlathey must not have rusted |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mentotlannıq bolurma6totlanırıq bolurmaI must be going to rust | sentotlannıq bolursa6totlanırıq bolursayou must be going to rust | oltotlannıq bolur6totlanırıq bolurhe must be going to rust | biztotlannıq bolurbuz6totlanırıq bolurbuzwe must be going to rust | siztotlannıq bolursuz6totlanırıq bolursuzyou all must be going to rust | alatotlannıq bolurla6totlanırıq bolurlathey must be going to rust |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mentotlanmazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to rust | sentotlanmazlıq bolursayou must not be going to rust | oltotlanmazlıq bolurhe must not be going to rust | biztotlanmazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to rust | siztotlanmazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to rust | alatotlanmazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to rust |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Inference, future (must be going to)full form: after n the ending contracts to -nıq/-nik, and the full -ırıq/-irik is also written, so totlanırıq bolur
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | mentotlanayımlet me rust | sentotlan!rust! | oltotlansınlet him rust | biztotlanayıqlet's rust | siztotlanığız!rust, you all! | alatotlansınlalet them rust |
| Commands & suggestions | mentotlanmayımlet me not rust | sentotlanma!don't rust! | oltotlanmasınlet him not rust | biztotlanmayıqlet's not rust | siztotlanmağız!don't rust, you all! | alatotlanmasınlalet them not rust |
| Commands & suggestions | mentotlanayımmı?shall I rust? | oltotlansınmı?should he rust? | biztotlanayıqmı?shall we rust? | alatotlansınlamı?should they rust? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | mentotlanmayımmı?shall I not rust? | oltotlanmasınmı?should he not rust? | biztotlanmayıqmı?shall we not rust? | alatotlanmasınlamı?should they not rust? | ||
| Requests | sentotlançı7totlançınplease rust | oltotlansınçıdo let him rust | siztotlançığızplease rust (plural/polite) | alatotlansınlaçıdo let them rust | ||
| Requests | sentotlanmaçı7totlanmaçınplease don't rust | oltotlanmasınçıdo let him not rust | siztotlanmaçığızplease don't rust (plural/polite) | alatotlanmasınlaçıdo let them not rust | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sentotlanŋıntotlanŋımay you rust | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sentotlanmağıntotlanmağımay you not rust | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mentotlanŋay edim totlanŋa edimwould that I rusted | sentotlanŋay ediŋ totlanŋa ediŋwould that you rusted | oltotlanŋay edi totlanŋa ediwould that he rusted | biztotlanŋay edik totlanŋa edikwould that we rusted | siztotlanŋay edigiz totlanŋa edigizwould that you all rusted | alatotlanŋay edile totlanŋa edilewould that they rusted |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mentotlanmağay edim totlanmağa edimwould that I did not rust | sentotlanmağay ediŋ totlanmağa ediŋwould that you did not rust | oltotlanmağay edi totlanmağa ediwould that he did not rust | biztotlanmağay edik totlanmağa edikwould that we did not rust | siztotlanmağay edigiz totlanmağa edigizwould that you all did not rust | alatotlanmağay edile totlanmağa edilewould that they did not rust |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | mentotlanmağa qoyayımtotlanma qoyayımlet me allow someone to rust | sentotlanmağa qoy!totlanma qoy!let someone rust! | oltotlanmağa qoysuntotlanma qoysunlet him allow someone to rust | biztotlanmağa qoyayıqtotlanma qoyayıqlet's allow someone to rust | siztotlanmağa qoyuğuz!totlanma qoyuğuz!let someone rust, you all! | alatotlanmağa qoysunlatotlanma qoysunlalet them allow someone to rust |
| Let someone… (commands) | mentotlanmağa qoymayımtotlanma qoymayımlet me not allow someone to rust | sentotlanmağa qoyma!totlanma qoyma!don't let someone rust! | oltotlanmağa qoymasıntotlanma qoymasınlet him not allow someone to rust | biztotlanmağa qoymayıqtotlanma qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to rust | siztotlanmağa qoymağız!totlanma qoymağız!don't let someone rust, you all! | alatotlanmağa qoymasınlatotlanma qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to rust |
| Let someone… (commands) | mentotlanmağa qoyayımmı?totlanma qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to rust? | oltotlanmağa qoysunmu?totlanma qoysunmu?should he allow someone to rust? | biztotlanmağa qoyayıqmı?totlanma qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to rust? | alatotlanmağa qoysunlamı?totlanma qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to rust? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | mentotlanmağa qoymayımmı?totlanma qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to rust? | oltotlanmağa qoymasınmı?totlanma qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to rust? | biztotlanmağa qoymayıqmı?totlanma qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to rust? | alatotlanmağa qoymasınlamı?totlanma qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to rust? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | mentotlanmağa qoyamatotlanma qoyamaI allow someone to rust | sentotlanmağa qoyasatotlanma qoyasayou allow someone to rust | oltotlanmağa qoyadıtotlanma qoyadıhe allows someone to rust | biztotlanmağa qoyabıztotlanma qoyabızwe allow someone to rust | siztotlanmağa qoyasıztotlanma qoyasızyou all allow someone to rust | alatotlanmağa qoyadılatotlanma qoyadılathey allow someone to rust |
| Let someone… (present) | mentotlanmağa qoymaymatotlanma qoymaymaI don't allow someone to rust | sentotlanmağa qoymaysatotlanma qoymaysayou don't allow someone to rust | oltotlanmağa qoymaydıtotlanma qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to rust | biztotlanmağa qoymaybıztotlanma qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to rust | siztotlanmağa qoymaysıztotlanma qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to rust | alatotlanmağa qoymaydılatotlanma qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to rust |
| Let someone… (present) | mentotlanmağa qoyamamı?totlanma qoyamamı?do I allow someone to rust? | sentotlanmağa qoyamısa?totlanma qoyamısa?do you allow someone to rust? | oltotlanmağa qoyamıdı?totlanma qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to rust? | biztotlanmağa qoyabızmı?totlanma qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to rust? | siztotlanmağa qoyamısız?totlanma qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to rust? | alatotlanmağa qoyamıdıla?totlanma qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to rust? |
| Let someone… (present) | mentotlanmağa qoymaymamı?totlanma qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to rust? | sentotlanmağa qoymaymısa?totlanma qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to rust? | oltotlanmağa qoymaymıdı?totlanma qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to rust? | biztotlanmağa qoymaybızmı?totlanma qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to rust? | siztotlanmağa qoymaymısız?totlanma qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to rust? | alatotlanmağa qoymaymıdıla?totlanma qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to rust? |
| Let someone… (past) | mentotlanmağa qoydumtotlanma qoydumI allowed someone to rust | sentotlanmağa qoyduŋtotlanma qoyduŋyou allowed someone to rust | oltotlanmağa qoydutotlanma qoyduhe allowed someone to rust | biztotlanmağa qoyduqtotlanma qoyduqwe allowed someone to rust | siztotlanmağa qoyduğuztotlanma qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to rust | alatotlanmağa qoydulatotlanma qoydulathey allowed someone to rust |
| Let someone… (past) | mentotlanmağa qoymadımtotlanma qoymadımI didn't allow someone to rust | sentotlanmağa qoymadıŋtotlanma qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to rust | oltotlanmağa qoymadıtotlanma qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to rust | biztotlanmağa qoymadıqtotlanma qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to rust | siztotlanmağa qoymadığıztotlanma qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to rust | alatotlanmağa qoymadılatotlanma qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to rust |
| Let someone… (past) | mentotlanmağa qoydummu?totlanma qoydummu?did I allow someone to rust? | sentotlanmağa qoyduŋmu?totlanma qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to rust? | oltotlanmağa qoydumu?totlanma qoydumu?did he allow someone to rust? | biztotlanmağa qoyduqmu?totlanma qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to rust? | siztotlanmağa qoyduğuzmu?totlanma qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to rust? | alatotlanmağa qoydulamı?totlanma qoydulamı?did they allow someone to rust? |
| Let someone… (past) | mentotlanmağa qoymadımmı?totlanma qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to rust? | sentotlanmağa qoymadıŋmı?totlanma qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to rust? | oltotlanmağa qoymadımı?totlanma qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to rust? | biztotlanmağa qoymadıqmı?totlanma qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to rust? | siztotlanmağa qoymadığızmı?totlanma qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to rust? | alatotlanmağa qoymadılamı?totlanma qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to rust? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
totlanalırğa be able to rust · totlanalmazğa be unable to rust
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | mentotlanalamaI can rust | sentotlanalasayou can rust | oltotlanaladıhe can rust | biztotlanalabızwe can rust | siztotlanalasızyou all can rust | alatotlanaladılathey can rust |
| Ability — present | mentotlanalmaymaI can't rust | sentotlanalmaysayou can't rust | oltotlanalmaydıhe can't rust | biztotlanalmaybızwe can't rust | siztotlanalmaysızyou all can't rust | alatotlanalmaydılathey can't rust |
| Ability — present | mentotlanalamamı? totlanalamıma?can I rust? | sentotlanalamısa?can you rust? | oltotlanalamıdı?can he rust? | biztotlanalabızmı? totlanalamıbız?can we rust? | siztotlanalamısız?can you all rust? | alatotlanalamıdıla?can they rust? |
| Ability — present | mentotlanalmaymamı? totlanalmaymıma?can't I rust? | sentotlanalmaymısa?can't you rust? | oltotlanalmaymıdı?can't he rust? | biztotlanalmaybızmı? totlanalmaymıbız?can't we rust? | siztotlanalmaymısız?can't you all rust? | alatotlanalmaymıdıla?can't they rust? |
| Ability — if I can… | mentotlanalsamif I can rust | sentotlanalsaŋif you can rust | oltotlanalsaif he can rust | biztotlanalsaqif we can rust | siztotlanalsağızif you all can rust | alatotlanalsalaif they can rust |
| Ability — if I can… | mentotlanalmasamif I can't rust | sentotlanalmasaŋif you can't rust | oltotlanalmasaif he can't rust | biztotlanalmasaqif we can't rust | siztotlanalmasağızif you all can't rust | alatotlanalmasalaif they can't rust |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | mentotlanaldımI was able to rust | sentotlanaldıŋyou were able to rust | oltotlanaldıhe was able to rust | biztotlanaldıqwe were able to rust | siztotlanaldığızyou all were able to rust | alatotlanaldılathey were able to rust |
| Ability — simple past | mentotlanalmadımI could not rust | sentotlanalmadıŋyou could not rust | oltotlanalmadıhe could not rust | biztotlanalmadıqwe could not rust | siztotlanalmadığızyou all could not rust | alatotlanalmadılathey could not rust |
| Ability — simple past | mentotlanaldımmı?was I able to rust? | sentotlanaldıŋmı?were you able to rust? | oltotlanaldımı?was he able to rust? | biztotlanaldıqmı?were we able to rust? | siztotlanaldığızmı?were you all able to rust? | alatotlanaldılamı?were they able to rust? |
| Ability — simple past | mentotlanalmadımmı?couldn't I rust? | sentotlanalmadıŋmı?couldn't you rust? | oltotlanalmadımı?couldn't he rust? | biztotlanalmadıqmı?couldn't we rust? | siztotlanalmadığızmı?couldn't you all rust? | alatotlanalmadılamı?couldn't they rust? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentotlanalğanmaI have been able to rust | sentotlanalğansayou have been able to rust | oltotlanalğandıhe has been able to rust | biztotlanalğanbızwe have been able to rust | siztotlanalğansızyou all have been able to rust | alatotlanalğandılathey have been able to rust |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentotlanalmağanmaI haven't been able to rust | sentotlanalmağansayou haven't been able to rust | oltotlanalmağandıhe hasn't been able to rust | biztotlanalmağanbızwe haven't been able to rust | siztotlanalmağansızyou all haven't been able to rust | alatotlanalmağandılathey haven't been able to rust |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentotlanalğanmamı? totlanalğanmıma?have I been able to rust? | sentotlanalğanmısa?have you been able to rust? | oltotlanalğanmıdı?has he been able to rust? | biztotlanalğanbızmı? totlanalğanmıbız?have we been able to rust? | siztotlanalğanmısız?have you all been able to rust? | alatotlanalğanmıdıla?have they been able to rust? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentotlanalmağanmamı? totlanalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to rust? | sentotlanalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to rust? | oltotlanalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to rust? | biztotlanalmağanbızmı? totlanalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to rust? | siztotlanalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to rust? | alatotlanalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to rust? |
| Ability — past perfect | mentotlanalğan edimtotlanalğanemI had been able to rust | sentotlanalğan ediŋtotlanalğaneŋyou had been able to rust | oltotlanalğan editotlanalğanedhe had been able to rust | biztotlanalğan ediktotlanalğanekwe had been able to rust | siztotlanalğan edigiztotlanalğanegizyou all had been able to rust | alatotlanalğan ediletotlanalğanellethey had been able to rust |
| Ability — past perfect | mentotlanalmağan edimtotlanalmağanemI hadn't been able to rust | sentotlanalmağan ediŋtotlanalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to rust | oltotlanalmağan editotlanalmağanedhe hadn't been able to rust | biztotlanalmağan ediktotlanalmağanekwe hadn't been able to rust | siztotlanalmağan edigiztotlanalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to rust | alatotlanalmağan ediletotlanalmağanellethey hadn't been able to rust |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | mentotlanala edimtotlanalaemI could rust | sentotlanala ediŋtotlanalaeŋyou could rust | oltotlanala editotlanalaedhe could rust | biztotlanala ediktotlanalaekwe could rust | siztotlanala edigiztotlanalaegizyou all could rust | alatotlanala ediletotlanalaellethey could rust |
| Ability — past background | mentotlanalmay edimtotlanalmayemI could not rust | sentotlanalmay ediŋtotlanalmayeŋyou could not rust | oltotlanalmay editotlanalmayedhe could not rust | biztotlanalmay ediktotlanalmayekwe could not rust | siztotlanalmay edigiztotlanalmayegizyou all could not rust | alatotlanalmay ediletotlanalmayellethey could not rust |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | mentotlanalırmaI will be able to rust | sentotlanalırsayou will be able to rust | oltotlanalırhe will be able to rust | biztotlanalırbızwe will be able to rust | siztotlanalırsızyou all will be able to rust | alatotlanalırlathey will be able to rust |
| Ability — future I | mentotlanalmazmaI won't be able to rust | sentotlanalmazsayou won't be able to rust | oltotlanalmazhe won't be able to rust | biztotlanalmazbızwe won't be able to rust | siztotlanalmazsızyou all won't be able to rust | alatotlanalmazlathey won't be able to rust |
| Ability — future I | mentotlanalırmamı? totlanalırmıma?will I be able to rust? | sentotlanalırmısa?will you be able to rust? | oltotlanalırmı?will he be able to rust? | biztotlanalırbızmı? totlanalırmıbız?will we be able to rust? | siztotlanalırmısız?will you all be able to rust? | alatotlanalırlamı? totlanalırmıla?will they be able to rust? |
| Ability — future I | mentotlanalmazmamı? totlanalmazmıma?won't I be able to rust? | sentotlanalmazmısa?won't you be able to rust? | oltotlanalmazmı?won't he be able to rust? | biztotlanalmazbızmı? totlanalmazmıbız?won't we be able to rust? | siztotlanalmazmısız?won't you all be able to rust? | alatotlanalmazlamı? totlanalmazmıla?won't they be able to rust? |
| Ability — future II | mentotlanallıqmaI am going to be able to rust | sentotlanallıqsayou are going to be able to rust | oltotlanallıqdıhe is going to be able to rust | biztotlanallıqbızwe are going to be able to rust | siztotlanallıqsızyou all are going to be able to rust | alatotlanallıqdılathey are going to be able to rust |
| Ability — future II | mentotlanallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to rust | sentotlanallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to rust | oltotlanallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to rust | biztotlanallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to rust | siztotlanallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to rust | alatotlanallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to rust |
| Ability — future II | mentotlanallıqmamı? totlanallıqmıma?am I going to be able to rust? | sentotlanallıqmısa?are you going to be able to rust? | oltotlanallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to rust? | biztotlanallıqbızmı? totlanallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to rust? | siztotlanallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to rust? | alatotlanallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to rust? |
| Ability — future II | mentotlanallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to rust? | sentotlanallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to rust? | oltotlanallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to rust? | biztotlanallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to rust? | siztotlanallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to rust? | alatotlanallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to rust? |
| Ability — would be able to… | mentotlanalır edimtotlanalır emI would be able to rust | sentotlanalır ediŋtotlanalır eŋyou would be able to rust | oltotlanalır editotlanalır edhe would be able to rust | biztotlanalır ediktotlanalır ekwe would be able to rust | siztotlanalır edigiztotlanalır egizyou all would be able to rust | alatotlanalır ediletotlanalır ellethey would be able to rust |
| Ability — would be able to… | mentotlanalmaz edimtotlanalmaz emI wouldn't be able to rust | sentotlanalmaz ediŋtotlanalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to rust | oltotlanalmaz editotlanalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to rust | biztotlanalmaz ediktotlanalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to rust | siztotlanalmaz edigiztotlanalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to rust | alatotlanalmaz ediletotlanalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to rust |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sentotlanalğıntotlanalğımay you be able to rust | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sentotlanalmağıntotlanalmağımay you not be able to rust | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | mentotlanırğa izleymeI want to rust | sentotlanırğa izleyseyou want to rust | oltotlanırğa izleydihe wants to rust | biztotlanırğa izleybizwe want to rust | siztotlanırğa izleysizyou all want to rust | alatotlanırğa izleydilethey want to rust |
| want to | mentotlanırğa izlemeymeI do not want to rust | sentotlanırğa izlemeyseyou do not want to rust | oltotlanırğa izlemeydihe does not want to rust | biztotlanırğa izlemeybizwe do not want to rust | siztotlanırğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to rust | alatotlanırğa izlemeydilethey do not want to rust |
| would like to | mentotlanırğa süemeI would like to rust | sentotlanırğa süeseyou would like to rust | oltotlanırğa süedihe would like to rust | biztotlanırğa süebizwe would like to rust | siztotlanırğa süesizyou all would like to rust | alatotlanırğa süedilethey would like to rust |
| would like to | mentotlanırğa süymeymeI would not like to rust | sentotlanırğa süymeyseyou would not like to rust | oltotlanırğa süymeydihe would not like to rust | biztotlanırğa süymeybizwe would not like to rust | siztotlanırğa süymeysizyou all would not like to rust | alatotlanırğa süymeydilethey would not like to rust |
| hope to | mentotlanırğa umutlanamaI hope to rust | sentotlanırğa umutlanasayou hope to rust | oltotlanırğa umutlanadıhe hopes to rust | biztotlanırğa umutlanabızwe hope to rust | siztotlanırğa umutlanasızyou all hope to rust | alatotlanırğa umutlanadılathey hope to rust |
| hope to | mentotlanırğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to rust | sentotlanırğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to rust | oltotlanırğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to rust | biztotlanırğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to rust | siztotlanırğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to rust | alatotlanırğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to rust |
| be about to | mentotlanırğa deb turamaI am about to rust | sentotlanırğa deb turasayou are about to rust | oltotlanırğa deb turadıhe is about to rust | biztotlanırğa deb turabızwe are about to rust | siztotlanırğa deb turasızyou all are about to rust | alatotlanırğa deb turadılathey are about to rust |
| be about to | mentotlanırğa deb turmaymaI am not about to rust | sentotlanırğa deb turmaysayou are not about to rust | oltotlanırğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to rust | biztotlanırğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to rust | siztotlanırğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to rust | alatotlanırğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to rust |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | mentotlanırğa kerekmeI need to rust | sentotlanırğa kerekseyou need to rust | oltotlanırğa kerekdihe needs to rust | biztotlanırğa kerekbizwe need to rust | siztotlanırğa kereksizyou all need to rust | alatotlanırğa kerekdilethey need to rust |
| need to | mentotlanırğa kerek tülmeI do not need to rust | sentotlanırğa kerek tülseyou do not need to rust | oltotlanırğa kerek tüldühe does not need to rust | biztotlanırğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to rust | siztotlanırğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to rust | alatotlanırğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to rust |
| have to | menmenŋe totlanırğa tüşediI have to rust | sensenŋe totlanırğa tüşediyou have to rust | olaŋa totlanırğa tüşedihe has to rust | bizbizge totlanırğa tüşediwe have to rust | sizsizge totlanırğa tüşediyou all have to rust | alaalağa totlanırğa tüşedithey have to rust |
| have to | menmenŋe totlanırğa tüşmeydiI do not have to rust | sensenŋe totlanırğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to rust | olaŋa totlanırğa tüşmeydihe does not have to rust | bizbizge totlanırğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to rust | sizsizge totlanırğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to rust | alaalağa totlanırğa tüşmeydithey do not have to rust |
| be obliged to | mentotlanırğa borçlumaI am obliged to rust | sentotlanırğa borçlusayou are obliged to rust | oltotlanırğa borçluduhe is obliged to rust | biztotlanırğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to rust | siztotlanırğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to rust | alatotlanırğa borçludulathey are obliged to rust |
| be obliged to | mentotlanırğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to rust | sentotlanırğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to rust | oltotlanırğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to rust | biztotlanırğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to rust | siztotlanırğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to rust | alatotlanırğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to rust |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | mentotlanırğa madarım bardıI have a way to rust | sentotlanırğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to rust | oltotlanırğa madarı bardıhe has a way to rust | biztotlanırğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to rust | siztotlanırğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to rust | alatotlanırğa madarları bardıthey have a way to rust |
| have a way to | mentotlanırğa madarım joqduI have no way to rust | sentotlanırğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to rust | oltotlanırğa madarı joqduhe has no way to rust | biztotlanırğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to rust | siztotlanırğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to rust | alatotlanırğa madarları joqduthey have no way to rust |
| be free to | mentotlanırğa erkinligim bardıI am free to rust | sentotlanırğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to rust | oltotlanırğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to rust | biztotlanırğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to rust | siztotlanırğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to rust | alatotlanırğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to rust |
| be free to | mentotlanırğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to rust | sentotlanırğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to rust | oltotlanırğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to rust | biztotlanırğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to rust | siztotlanırğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to rust | alatotlanırğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to rust |
| be possible to | menmenŋe totlanırğa bolluqduit is possible for me to rust | sensenŋe totlanırğa bolluqduit is possible for you to rust | olaŋa totlanırğa bolluqduit is possible for him to rust | bizbizge totlanırğa bolluqduit is possible for us to rust | sizsizge totlanırğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to rust | alaalağa totlanırğa bolluqduit is possible for them to rust |
| be possible to | menmenŋe totlanırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to rust | sensenŋe totlanırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to rust | olaŋa totlanırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to rust | bizbizge totlanırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to rust | sizsizge totlanırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to rust | alaalağa totlanırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to rust |
| be ready to | mentotlanırğa hazırmaI am ready to rust | sentotlanırğa hazırsayou are ready to rust | oltotlanırğa hazırdıhe is ready to rust | biztotlanırğa hazırbızwe are ready to rust | siztotlanırğa hazırsızyou all are ready to rust | alatotlanırğa hazırdılathey are ready to rust |
| be ready to | mentotlanırğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to rust | sentotlanırğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to rust | oltotlanırğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to rust | biztotlanırğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to rust | siztotlanırğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to rust | alatotlanırğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to rust |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | mentotlanırğa küreşemeI am trying to rust | sentotlanırğa küreşeseyou are trying to rust | oltotlanırğa küreşedihe is trying to rust | biztotlanırğa küreşebizwe are trying to rust | siztotlanırğa küreşesizyou all are trying to rust | alatotlanırğa küreşedilethey are trying to rust |
| try to | mentotlanırğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to rust | sentotlanırğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to rust | oltotlanırğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to rust | biztotlanırğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to rust | siztotlanırğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to rust | alatotlanırğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to rust |
| agree to | mentotlanırğa unaymaI agree to rust | sentotlanırğa unaysayou agree to rust | oltotlanırğa unaydıhe agrees to rust | biztotlanırğa unaybızwe agree to rust | siztotlanırğa unaysızyou all agree to rust | alatotlanırğa unaydılathey agree to rust |
| agree to | mentotlanırğa unamaymaI refuse to rust | sentotlanırğa unamaysayou refuse to rust | oltotlanırğa unamaydıhe refuses to rust | biztotlanırğa unamaybızwe refuse to rust | siztotlanırğa unamaysızyou all refuse to rust | alatotlanırğa unamaydılathey refuse to rust |
| hurry to | mentotlanırğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to rust | sentotlanırğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to rust | oltotlanırğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to rust | biztotlanırğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to rust | siztotlanırğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to rust | alatotlanırğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to rust |
| hurry to | mentotlanırğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to rust | sentotlanırğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to rust | oltotlanırğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to rust | biztotlanırğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to rust | siztotlanırğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to rust | alatotlanırğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to rust |
| be afraid to | mentotlanırğa qorqamaI am afraid to rust | sentotlanırğa qorqasayou are afraid to rust | oltotlanırğa qorqadıhe is afraid to rust | biztotlanırğa qorqabızwe are afraid to rust | siztotlanırğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to rust | alatotlanırğa qorqadılathey are afraid to rust |
| be afraid to | mentotlanırğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to rust | sentotlanırğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to rust | oltotlanırğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to rust | biztotlanırğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to rust | siztotlanırğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to rust | alatotlanırğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to rust |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | mentotlana bolmazmaI can't be rusting | sentotlana bolmazsayou can't be rusting | oltotlana bolmazhe can't be rusting | biztotlana bolmazbızwe can't be rusting | siztotlana bolmazsızyou all can't be rusting | alatotlana bolmazlathey can't be rusting |
| Inference, present — double negation | mentotlanmay bolmazmaI must be rusting (emphatic) | sentotlanmay bolmazsayou must be rusting (emphatic) | oltotlanmay bolmazhe must be rusting (emphatic) | biztotlanmay bolmazbızwe must be rusting (emphatic) | siztotlanmay bolmazsızyou all must be rusting (emphatic) | alatotlanmay bolmazlathey must be rusting (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | mentotlana turmasamif I don't keep rusting | sentotlana turmasaŋif you don't keep rusting | oltotlana turmasaif he doesn't keep rusting | biztotlana turmasaqif we don't keep rusting | siztotlana turmasağızif you all don't keep rusting | alatotlana turmasalaif they don't keep rusting |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | mentotlana tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of rusting | sentotlana tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of rusting | oltotlana tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of rusting | biztotlana tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of rusting | siztotlana tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of rusting | alatotlana tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of rusting |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | mentotlanmay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not rusting (emphatic) | sentotlanmay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not rusting (emphatic) | oltotlanmay tura bolmazhe must keep on not rusting (emphatic) | biztotlanmay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not rusting (emphatic) | siztotlanmay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not rusting (emphatic) | alatotlanmay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not rusting (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | mentotlanmay turamaI keep on not rusting | sentotlanmay turasayou keep on not rusting | oltotlanmay turadıhe keeps on not rusting | biztotlanmay turabızwe keep on not rusting | siztotlanmay turasızyou all keep on not rusting | alatotlanmay turadılathey keep on not rusting |
| Progressive — double negation | mentotlanmay turmaymaI am not keeping on not rusting | sentotlanmay turmaysayou are not keeping on not rusting | oltotlanmay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not rusting | biztotlanmay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not rusting | siztotlanmay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not rusting | alatotlanmay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not rusting |
| Progressive — double negation | mentotlanmay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not rusting? | sentotlanmay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not rusting? | oltotlanmay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not rusting? | biztotlanmay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not rusting? | siztotlanmay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not rusting? | alatotlanmay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not rusting? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | mentotlanŋan bolmazmaI can't have rusted | sentotlanŋan bolmazsayou can't have rusted | oltotlanŋan bolmazhe can't have rusted | biztotlanŋan bolmazbızwe can't have rusted | siztotlanŋan bolmazsızyou all can't have rusted | alatotlanŋan bolmazlathey can't have rusted |
| Inference — double negation | mentotlanmağan bolmazmaI must have rusted (emphatic) | sentotlanmağan bolmazsayou must have rusted (emphatic) | oltotlanmağan bolmazhe must have rusted (emphatic) | biztotlanmağan bolmazbızwe must have rusted (emphatic) | siztotlanmağan bolmazsızyou all must have rusted (emphatic) | alatotlanmağan bolmazlathey must have rusted (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | mentotlanŋan bolmasamif it weren't that I had rusted | sentotlanŋan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had rusted | oltotlanŋan bolmasaif it weren't that he had rusted | biztotlanŋan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had rusted | siztotlanŋan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had rusted | alatotlanŋan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had rusted |
| Counterfactual — double negation | mentotlanmağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't rusted | sentotlanmağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't rusted | oltotlanmağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't rusted | biztotlanmağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't rusted | siztotlanmağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't rusted | alatotlanmağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't rusted |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | mentotlannıq bolmazmaI can't be going to rust | sentotlannıq bolmazsayou can't be going to rust | oltotlannıq bolmazhe can't be going to rust | biztotlannıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to rust | siztotlannıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to rust | alatotlannıq bolmazlathey can't be going to rust |
| Inference, future — double negation | mentotlanmazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to rust (emphatic) | sentotlanmazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to rust (emphatic) | oltotlanmazlıq bolmazhe must be going to rust (emphatic) | biztotlanmazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to rust (emphatic) | siztotlanmazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to rust (emphatic) | alatotlanmazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to rust (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | mentotlannıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to rust | sentotlannıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to rust | oltotlannıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to rust | biztotlannıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to rust | siztotlannıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to rust | alatotlannıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to rust |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | mentotlanmazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to rust | sentotlanmazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to rust | oltotlanmazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to rust | biztotlanmazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to rust | siztotlanmazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to rust | alatotlanmazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to rust |