toğurğa
/toʁurʁa/
1. drink at one draft, drain in one go, gulp down — Describes emptying a vessel in one go, without pausing for breath, as in ayaq ayrannı toğurğa "drain a cup of ayran in one go".
- saw ayaqnı toğurğa — to drain the whole cup in one go
- ayrannı toğudu — he gulped the ayran down
- sütnü toğudum — I drank the milk down in one go
- bozanı toğu — drain the boza in one go
- suwnu toğub qoydu — he drained the water in one go
- toğudu da Ashatha uzatdı — he drained it and handed it to Askhat
2. breathe in, draw in — Usually takes hawa as its object. one source
- hawanı toğurğa — to draw the air in
- taw hawanı toğuydu — he breathes in the mountain air
- taw hawadan toğuy — breathing in some of the mountain air
- hawanı teren toğudum — I drew the air in deeply
- ertdenlik seriwünden toğuy — breathing in the cool morning air
- ol hawanı toğub aldı — he drew the air in
Conjugation
Common forms
- toğuyduhe is drinking at one draft
- toğuduhe drank at one draft
- toğuğandıhe has drunk at one draft
- toğurhe will drink at one draft
- toğuruqduhe is going to drink at one draft
- toğuy edihe was drinking at one draft
- toğusaif he drinks at one draft
- toğu!drink at one draft!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentoğuymaI am drinking at one draft | sentoğuysayou are drinking at one draft | oltoğuyduhe is drinking at one draft | biztoğuybuzwe are drinking at one draft | siztoğuysuzyou all are drinking at one draft | alatoğuydulathey are drinking at one draft |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentoğumaymaI am not drinking at one draft | sentoğumaysayou are not drinking at one draft | oltoğumaydıhe is not drinking at one draft | biztoğumaybızwe are not drinking at one draft | siztoğumaysızyou all are not drinking at one draft | alatoğumaydılathey are not drinking at one draft |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentoğuymamı? toğuymuma?am I drinking at one draft? | sentoğuymusa?are you drinking at one draft? | oltoğuymudu?is he drinking at one draft? | biztoğuybuzmu? toğuymubuz?are we drinking at one draft? | siztoğuymusuz?are you all drinking at one draft? | alatoğuymudula?are they drinking at one draft? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentoğumaymamı? toğumaymıma?aren't I drinking at one draft? | sentoğumaymısa?aren't you drinking at one draft? | oltoğumaymıdı?isn't he drinking at one draft? | biztoğumaybızmı? toğumaymıbız?aren't we drinking at one draft? | siztoğumaymısız?aren't you all drinking at one draft? | alatoğumaymıdıla?aren't they drinking at one draft? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentoğuwçanmaI usually drink at one draft | sentoğuwçansayou usually drink at one draft | oltoğuwçandıhe usually drinks at one draft | biztoğuwçanbızwe usually drink at one draft | siztoğuwçansızyou all usually drink at one draft | alatoğuwçandılathey usually drink at one draft |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentoğumawçanmaI usually don't drink at one draft | sentoğumawçansayou usually don't drink at one draft | oltoğumawçandıhe usually doesn't drink at one draft | biztoğumawçanbızwe usually don't drink at one draft | siztoğumawçansızyou all usually don't drink at one draft | alatoğumawçandılathey usually don't drink at one draft |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentoğuwçanmamı? toğuwçanmıma?do I usually drink at one draft? | sentoğuwçanmısa?do you usually drink at one draft? | oltoğuwçanmıdı?does he usually drink at one draft? | biztoğuwçanbızmı? toğuwçanmıbız?do we usually drink at one draft? | siztoğuwçanmısız?do you all usually drink at one draft? | alatoğuwçanmıdıla?do they usually drink at one draft? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentoğumawçanmamı? toğumawçanmıma?do I usually not drink at one draft? | sentoğumawçanmısa?do you usually not drink at one draft? | oltoğumawçanmıdı?does he usually not drink at one draft? | biztoğumawçanbızmı? toğumawçanmıbız?do we usually not drink at one draft? | siztoğumawçanmısız?do you all usually not drink at one draft? | alatoğumawçanmıdıla?do they usually not drink at one draft? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oltoğubduhe has drunk at one draft and remains so | alatoğubdulathey have drunk at one draft and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oltoğubmudu?has he drunk at one draft? | alatoğubmudula?have they drunk at one draft? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentoğub turamaI keep drinking at one draft | sentoğub turasayou keep drinking at one draft | oltoğub turadıhe keeps drinking at one draft | biztoğub turabızwe keep drinking at one draft | siztoğub turasızyou all keep drinking at one draft | alatoğub turadılathey keep drinking at one draft |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentoğub turmaymaI don't keep drinking at one draft | sentoğub turmaysayou don't keep drinking at one draft | oltoğub turmaydıhe doesn't keep drinking at one draft | biztoğub turmaybızwe don't keep drinking at one draft | siztoğub turmaysızyou all don't keep drinking at one draft | alatoğub turmaydılathey don't keep drinking at one draft |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentoğub turamamı? toğub turamıma?do I keep drinking at one draft? | sentoğub turamısa?do you keep drinking at one draft? | oltoğub turamıdı?does he keep drinking at one draft? | biztoğub turabızmı? toğub turamıbız?do we keep drinking at one draft? | siztoğub turamısız?do you all keep drinking at one draft? | alatoğub turamıdıla?do they keep drinking at one draft? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentoğub turmaymamı? toğub turmaymıma?don't I keep drinking at one draft? | sentoğub turmaymısa?don't you keep drinking at one draft? | oltoğub turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep drinking at one draft? | biztoğub turmaybızmı? toğub turmaymıbız?don't we keep drinking at one draft? | siztoğub turmaymısız?don't you all keep drinking at one draft? | alatoğub turmaymıdıla?don't they keep drinking at one draft? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentoğuy turamaI am in the middle of drinking at one draft | sentoğuy turasayou are in the middle of drinking at one draft | oltoğuy turadıhe is in the middle of drinking at one draft | biztoğuy turabızwe are in the middle of drinking at one draft | siztoğuy turasızyou all are in the middle of drinking at one draft | alatoğuy turadılathey are in the middle of drinking at one draft |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentoğuy turmaymaI am not in the middle of drinking at one draft | sentoğuy turmaysayou are not in the middle of drinking at one draft | oltoğuy turmaydıhe is not in the middle of drinking at one draft | biztoğuy turmaybızwe are not in the middle of drinking at one draft | siztoğuy turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of drinking at one draft | alatoğuy turmaydılathey are not in the middle of drinking at one draft |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentoğuy turamamı? toğuy turamıma?am I in the middle of drinking at one draft? | sentoğuy turamısa?are you in the middle of drinking at one draft? | oltoğuy turamıdı?is he in the middle of drinking at one draft? | biztoğuy turabızmı? toğuy turamıbız?are we in the middle of drinking at one draft? | siztoğuy turamısız?are you all in the middle of drinking at one draft? | alatoğuy turamıdıla?are they in the middle of drinking at one draft? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentoğuy turmaymamı? toğuy turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of drinking at one draft? | sentoğuy turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of drinking at one draft? | oltoğuy turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of drinking at one draft? | biztoğuy turmaybızmı? toğuy turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of drinking at one draft? | siztoğuy turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of drinking at one draft? | alatoğuy turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of drinking at one draft? |
| Simple past (definite) | mentoğudumI drank at one draft | sentoğuduŋyou drank at one draft | oltoğuduhe drank at one draft | biztoğuduqwe drank at one draft | siztoğuduğuzyou all drank at one draft | alatoğudulathey drank at one draft |
| Simple past (definite) | mentoğumadımI didn't drink at one draft | sentoğumadıŋyou didn't drink at one draft | oltoğumadıhe didn't drink at one draft | biztoğumadıqwe didn't drink at one draft | siztoğumadığızyou all didn't drink at one draft | alatoğumadılathey didn't drink at one draft |
| Simple past (definite) | mentoğudummu?did I drink at one draft? | sentoğuduŋmu?did you drink at one draft? | oltoğudumu?did he drink at one draft? | biztoğuduqmu?did we drink at one draft? | siztoğuduğuzmu?did you all drink at one draft? | alatoğudulamı?did they drink at one draft? |
| Simple past (definite) | mentoğumadımmı?didn't I drink at one draft? | sentoğumadıŋmı?didn't you drink at one draft? | oltoğumadımı?didn't he drink at one draft? | biztoğumadıqmı?didn't we drink at one draft? | siztoğumadığızmı?didn't you all drink at one draft? | alatoğumadılamı?didn't they drink at one draft? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentoğuğanmaI have drunk at one draft | sentoğuğansayou have drunk at one draft | oltoğuğandıhe has drunk at one draft | biztoğuğanbızwe have drunk at one draft | siztoğuğansızyou all have drunk at one draft | alatoğuğandılathey have drunk at one draft |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentoğumağanmaI haven't drunk at one draft | sentoğumağansayou haven't drunk at one draft | oltoğumağandıhe hasn't drunk at one draft | biztoğumağanbızwe haven't drunk at one draft | siztoğumağansızyou all haven't drunk at one draft | alatoğumağandılathey haven't drunk at one draft |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentoğuğanmamı? toğuğanmıma?have I drunk at one draft? | sentoğuğanmısa?have you drunk at one draft? | oltoğuğanmıdı?has he drunk at one draft? | biztoğuğanbızmı? toğuğanmıbız?have we drunk at one draft? | siztoğuğanmısız?have you all drunk at one draft? | alatoğuğanmıdıla?have they drunk at one draft? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentoğumağanmamı? toğumağanmıma?haven't I drunk at one draft? | sentoğumağanmısa?haven't you drunk at one draft? | oltoğumağanmıdı?hasn't he drunk at one draft? | biztoğumağanbızmı? toğumağanmıbız?haven't we drunk at one draft? | siztoğumağanmısız?haven't you all drunk at one draft? | alatoğumağanmıdıla?haven't they drunk at one draft? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mentoğub turdumI kept drinking at one draft | sentoğub turduŋyou kept drinking at one draft | oltoğub turduhe kept drinking at one draft | biztoğub turduqwe kept drinking at one draft | siztoğub turduğuzyou all kept drinking at one draft | alatoğub turdulathey kept drinking at one draft |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mentoğub turmadımI didn't keep drinking at one draft | sentoğub turmadıŋyou didn't keep drinking at one draft | oltoğub turmadıhe didn't keep drinking at one draft | biztoğub turmadıqwe didn't keep drinking at one draft | siztoğub turmadığızyou all didn't keep drinking at one draft | alatoğub turmadılathey didn't keep drinking at one draft |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentoğurmaI will drink at one draft | sentoğursayou will drink at one draft | oltoğurhe will drink at one draft | biztoğurbuzwe will drink at one draft | siztoğursuzyou all will drink at one draft | alatoğurlathey will drink at one draft |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentoğumazmaI won't drink at one draft | sentoğumazsayou won't drink at one draft | oltoğumazhe won't drink at one draft | biztoğumazbızwe won't drink at one draft | siztoğumazsızyou all won't drink at one draft | alatoğumazlathey won't drink at one draft |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentoğurmamı? toğurmuma?will I drink at one draft? | sentoğurmusa?will you drink at one draft? | oltoğurmu?will he drink at one draft? | biztoğurbuzmu? toğurmubuz?will we drink at one draft? | siztoğurmusuz?will you all drink at one draft? | alatoğurlamı? toğurmula?will they drink at one draft? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentoğumazmamı? toğumazmıma?won't I drink at one draft? | sentoğumazmısa?won't you drink at one draft? | oltoğumazmı?won't he drink at one draft? | biztoğumazbızmı? toğumazmıbız?won't we drink at one draft? | siztoğumazmısız?won't you all drink at one draft? | alatoğumazlamı? toğumazmıla?won't they drink at one draft? |
| Definite future (future II) | mentoğuruqmaI am going to drink at one draft | sentoğuruqsayou are going to drink at one draft | oltoğuruqduhe is going to drink at one draft | biztoğuruqbuzwe are going to drink at one draft | siztoğuruqsuzyou all are going to drink at one draft | alatoğuruqdulathey are going to drink at one draft |
| Definite future (future II) | mentoğuruq tülmeI am not going to drink at one draft | sentoğuruq tülseyou are not going to drink at one draft | oltoğuruq tüldühe is not going to drink at one draft | biztoğuruq tülbüzwe are not going to drink at one draft | siztoğuruq tülsüzyou all are not going to drink at one draft | alatoğuruq tüldülethey are not going to drink at one draft |
| Definite future (future II) | mentoğuruqmamı? toğuruqmuma?am I going to drink at one draft? | sentoğuruqmusa?are you going to drink at one draft? | oltoğuruqmudu?is he going to drink at one draft? | biztoğuruqbuzmu? toğuruqmubuz?are we going to drink at one draft? | siztoğuruqmusuz?are you all going to drink at one draft? | alatoğuruqmudula?are they going to drink at one draft? |
| Definite future (future II) | mentoğuruq tülmüme?aren't I going to drink at one draft? | sentoğuruq tülmüse?aren't you going to drink at one draft? | oltoğuruq tülmüdü?isn't he going to drink at one draft? | biztoğuruq tülmübüz?aren't we going to drink at one draft? | siztoğuruq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to drink at one draft? | alatoğuruq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to drink at one draft? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mentoğuğan edimtoğuğanemI had drunk at one draft | sentoğuğan ediŋtoğuğaneŋyou had drunk at one draft | oltoğuğan editoğuğanedhe had drunk at one draft | biztoğuğan ediktoğuğanekwe had drunk at one draft | siztoğuğan edigiztoğuğanegizyou all had drunk at one draft | alatoğuğan ediletoğuğanellethey had drunk at one draft |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mentoğumağan edimtoğumağanemI hadn't drunk at one draft | sentoğumağan ediŋtoğumağaneŋyou hadn't drunk at one draft | oltoğumağan editoğumağanedhe hadn't drunk at one draft | biztoğumağan ediktoğumağanekwe hadn't drunk at one draft | siztoğumağan edigiztoğumağanegizyou all hadn't drunk at one draft | alatoğumağan ediletoğumağanellethey hadn't drunk at one draft |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mentoğuy edimtoğuyemI was drinking at one draft | sentoğuy ediŋtoğuyeŋyou were drinking at one draft | oltoğuy editoğuyedhe was drinking at one draft | biztoğuy ediktoğuyekwe were drinking at one draft | siztoğuy edigiztoğuyegizyou all were drinking at one draft | alatoğuy ediletoğuyellethey were drinking at one draft |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mentoğumay edimtoğumayemI wasn't drinking at one draft | sentoğumay ediŋtoğumayeŋyou weren't drinking at one draft | oltoğumay editoğumayedhe wasn't drinking at one draft | biztoğumay ediktoğumayekwe weren't drinking at one draft | siztoğumay edigiztoğumayegizyou all weren't drinking at one draft | alatoğumay ediletoğumayellethey weren't drinking at one draft |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | mentoğuwçan edimtoğuwçanemI used to drink at one draft | sentoğuwçan ediŋtoğuwçaneŋyou used to drink at one draft | oltoğuwçan editoğuwçanedhe used to drink at one draft | biztoğuwçan ediktoğuwçanekwe used to drink at one draft | siztoğuwçan edigiztoğuwçanegizyou all used to drink at one draft | alatoğuwçan ediletoğuwçanellethey used to drink at one draft |
| Habitual past (used to) | mentoğumawçan edimtoğumawçanemI didn't use to drink at one draft | sentoğumawçan ediŋtoğumawçaneŋyou didn't use to drink at one draft | oltoğumawçan editoğumawçanedhe didn't use to drink at one draft | biztoğumawçan ediktoğumawçanekwe didn't use to drink at one draft | siztoğumawçan edigiztoğumawçanegizyou all didn't use to drink at one draft | alatoğumawçan ediletoğumawçanellethey didn't use to drink at one draft |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oltoğub edihe had drunk at one draft and remained so | alatoğub edilethey had drunk at one draft and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oltoğub tül edihe hadn't drunk at one draft | alatoğub tül edilethey hadn't drunk at one draft | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mentoğub tura edimtoğub turaemI had kept drinking at one draft | sentoğub tura ediŋtoğub turaeŋyou had kept drinking at one draft | oltoğub tura editoğub turaedhe had kept drinking at one draft | biztoğub tura ediktoğub turaekwe had kept drinking at one draft | siztoğub tura edigiztoğub turaegizyou all had kept drinking at one draft | alatoğub tura ediletoğub turaellethey had kept drinking at one draft |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mentoğub turmay edimtoğub turmayemI hadn't kept drinking at one draft | sentoğub turmay ediŋtoğub turmayeŋyou hadn't kept drinking at one draft | oltoğub turmay editoğub turmayedhe hadn't kept drinking at one draft | biztoğub turmay ediktoğub turmayekwe hadn't kept drinking at one draft | siztoğub turmay edigiztoğub turmayegizyou all hadn't kept drinking at one draft | alatoğub turmay ediletoğub turmayellethey hadn't kept drinking at one draft |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mentoğuy tura edimtoğuy turaemI was in the middle of drinking at one draft | sentoğuy tura ediŋtoğuy turaeŋyou were in the middle of drinking at one draft | oltoğuy tura editoğuy turaedhe was in the middle of drinking at one draft | biztoğuy tura ediktoğuy turaekwe were in the middle of drinking at one draft | siztoğuy tura edigiztoğuy turaegizyou all were in the middle of drinking at one draft | alatoğuy tura ediletoğuy turaellethey were in the middle of drinking at one draft |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mentoğuy turmay edimtoğuy turmayemI wasn't in the middle of drinking at one draft | sentoğuy turmay ediŋtoğuy turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of drinking at one draft | oltoğuy turmay editoğuy turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of drinking at one draft | biztoğuy turmay ediktoğuy turmayekwe weren't in the middle of drinking at one draft | siztoğuy turmay edigiztoğuy turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of drinking at one draft | alatoğuy turmay ediletoğuy turmayellethey weren't in the middle of drinking at one draft |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | mentoğur edimtoğur emI would drink at one draft | sentoğur ediŋtoğur eŋyou would drink at one draft | oltoğur editoğur edhe would drink at one draft | biztoğur ediktoğur ekwe would drink at one draft | siztoğur edigiztoğur egizyou all would drink at one draft | alatoğur ediletoğur ellethey would drink at one draft |
| Conditional result (would) | mentoğumaz edimtoğumaz emI wouldn't drink at one draft | sentoğumaz ediŋtoğumaz eŋyou wouldn't drink at one draft | oltoğumaz editoğumaz edhe wouldn't drink at one draft | biztoğumaz ediktoğumaz ekwe wouldn't drink at one draft | siztoğumaz edigiztoğumaz egizyou all wouldn't drink at one draft | alatoğumaz ediletoğumaz ellethey wouldn't drink at one draft |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | mentoğuruq edimtoğuruq emI would have drunk at one draft | sentoğuruq ediŋtoğuruq eŋyou would have drunk at one draft | oltoğuruq editoğuruq edhe would have drunk at one draft | biztoğuruq ediktoğuruq ekwe would have drunk at one draft | siztoğuruq edigiztoğuruq egizyou all would have drunk at one draft | alatoğuruq ediletoğuruq ellethey would have drunk at one draft |
| Past conditional result (would have) | mentoğuruq tül edimtoğuruq tül emI wouldn't have drunk at one draft | sentoğuruq tül ediŋtoğuruq tül eŋyou wouldn't have drunk at one draft | oltoğuruq tül editoğuruq tül edhe wouldn't have drunk at one draft | biztoğuruq tül ediktoğuruq tül ekwe wouldn't have drunk at one draft | siztoğuruq tül edigiztoğuruq tül egizyou all wouldn't have drunk at one draft | alatoğuruq tül ediletoğuruq tül ellethey wouldn't have drunk at one draft |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | mentoğusamif I drink at one draft | sentoğusaŋif you drink at one draft | oltoğusaif he drinks at one draft | biztoğusaqif we drink at one draft | siztoğusağızif you all drink at one draft | alatoğusalaif they drink at one draft |
| Conditional | mentoğumasamif I don't drink at one draft | sentoğumasaŋif you don't drink at one draft | oltoğumasaif he doesn't drink at one draft | biztoğumasaqif we don't drink at one draft | siztoğumasağızif you all don't drink at one draft | alatoğumasalaif they don't drink at one draft |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | mentoğuy esemif I am drinking at one draft | sentoğuy eseŋif you are drinking at one draft | oltoğuy eseif he is drinking at one draft | biztoğuy esekif we are drinking at one draft | siztoğuy esegizif you all are drinking at one draft | alatoğuy eseleif they are drinking at one draft |
| Conditional, present real | mentoğumay esemif I am not drinking at one draft | sentoğumay eseŋif you are not drinking at one draft | oltoğumay eseif he is not drinking at one draft | biztoğumay esekif we are not drinking at one draft | siztoğumay esegizif you all are not drinking at one draft | alatoğumay eseleif they are not drinking at one draft |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mentoğusam editoğusam edif only I drank at one draft | sentoğusaŋ editoğusaŋ edif only you drank at one draft | oltoğusa editoğusaedif only he drank at one draft | biztoğusaq editoğusaq edif only we drank at one draft | siztoğusağız editoğusağız edif only you all drank at one draft | alatoğusala editoğusalaedif only they drank at one draft |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mentoğumasam editoğumasam edif only I didn't drink at one draft | sentoğumasaŋ editoğumasaŋ edif only you didn't drink at one draft | oltoğumasa editoğumasaedif only he didn't drink at one draft | biztoğumasaq editoğumasaq edif only we didn't drink at one draft | siztoğumasağız editoğumasağız edif only you all didn't drink at one draft | alatoğumasala editoğumasalaedif only they didn't drink at one draft |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | mentoğub tursamif I carry on drinking at one draft | sentoğub tursaŋif you carry on drinking at one draft | oltoğub tursaif he carries on drinking at one draft | biztoğub tursaqif we carry on drinking at one draft | siztoğub tursağızif you all carry on drinking at one draft | alatoğub tursalaif they carry on drinking at one draft |
| Durative conditional | mentoğub turmasamif I don't carry on drinking at one draft | sentoğub turmasaŋif you don't carry on drinking at one draft | oltoğub turmasaif he doesn't carry on drinking at one draft | biztoğub turmasaqif we don't carry on drinking at one draft | siztoğub turmasağızif you all don't carry on drinking at one draft | alatoğub turmasalaif they don't carry on drinking at one draft |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | mentoğub tura esemif I have kept drinking at one draft | sentoğub tura eseŋif you have kept drinking at one draft | oltoğub tura eseif he has kept drinking at one draft | biztoğub tura esekif we have kept drinking at one draft | siztoğub tura esegizif you all have kept drinking at one draft | alatoğub tura eseleif they have kept drinking at one draft |
| Durative conditional, present real | mentoğub turmay esemif I haven't kept drinking at one draft | sentoğub turmay eseŋif you haven't kept drinking at one draft | oltoğub turmay eseif he hasn't kept drinking at one draft | biztoğub turmay esekif we haven't kept drinking at one draft | siztoğub turmay esegizif you all haven't kept drinking at one draft | alatoğub turmay eseleif they haven't kept drinking at one draft |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | mentoğuy tursamif I keep drinking at one draft | sentoğuy tursaŋif you keep drinking at one draft | oltoğuy tursaif he keeps drinking at one draft | biztoğuy tursaqif we keep drinking at one draft | siztoğuy tursağızif you all keep drinking at one draft | alatoğuy tursalaif they keep drinking at one draft |
| Progressive conditional | mentoğumay tursamif I keep on not drinking at one draft | sentoğumay tursaŋif you keep on not drinking at one draft | oltoğumay tursaif he keeps on not drinking at one draft | biztoğumay tursaqif we keep on not drinking at one draft | siztoğumay tursağızif you all keep on not drinking at one draft | alatoğumay tursalaif they keep on not drinking at one draft |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | mentoğuy tura esemif I am in the middle of drinking at one draft | sentoğuy tura eseŋif you are in the middle of drinking at one draft | oltoğuy tura eseif he is in the middle of drinking at one draft | biztoğuy tura esekif we are in the middle of drinking at one draft | siztoğuy tura esegizif you all are in the middle of drinking at one draft | alatoğuy tura eseleif they are in the middle of drinking at one draft |
| Progressive conditional, present real | mentoğumay tura esemif I keep on not drinking at one draft | sentoğumay tura eseŋif you keep on not drinking at one draft | oltoğumay tura eseif he keeps on not drinking at one draft | biztoğumay tura esekif we keep on not drinking at one draft | siztoğumay tura esegizif you all keep on not drinking at one draft | alatoğumay tura eseleif they keep on not drinking at one draft |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | mentoğudum esemif I drank at one draft | sentoğuduŋ eseŋif you drank at one draft | oltoğudu eseif he drank at one draft | biztoğuduq esekif we drank at one draft | siztoğuduğuz esegizif you all drank at one draft | alatoğudula eseleif they drank at one draft |
| Conditional, definite past1 | mentoğumadım esemif I didn't drink at one draft | sentoğumadıŋ eseŋif you didn't drink at one draft | oltoğumadı eseif he didn't drink at one draft | biztoğumadıq esekif we didn't drink at one draft | siztoğumadığız esegizif you all didn't drink at one draft | alatoğumadıla eseleif they didn't drink at one draft |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | mentoğuğan esemif I did drink at one draft (indeed) | sentoğuğan eseŋif you did drink at one draft (indeed) | oltoğuğan eseif he did drink at one draft (indeed) | biztoğuğan esekif we did drink at one draft (indeed) | siztoğuğan esegizif you all did drink at one draft (indeed) | alatoğuğan eseleif they did drink at one draft (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | mentoğumağan esemif I didn't drink at one draft (indeed) | sentoğumağan eseŋif you didn't drink at one draft (indeed) | oltoğumağan eseif he didn't drink at one draft (indeed) | biztoğumağan esekif we didn't drink at one draft (indeed) | siztoğumağan esegizif you all didn't drink at one draft (indeed) | alatoğumağan eseleif they didn't drink at one draft (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | mentoğuğan bolsamif I had drunk at one draft | sentoğuğan bolsaŋif you had drunk at one draft | oltoğuğan bolsaif he had drunk at one draft | biztoğuğan bolsaqif we had drunk at one draft | siztoğuğan bolsağızif you all had drunk at one draft | alatoğuğan bolsalaif they had drunk at one draft |
| Conditional, counterfactual | mentoğumağan bolsamif I hadn't drunk at one draft | sentoğumağan bolsaŋif you hadn't drunk at one draft | oltoğumağan bolsaif he hadn't drunk at one draft | biztoğumağan bolsaqif we hadn't drunk at one draft | siztoğumağan bolsağızif you all hadn't drunk at one draft | alatoğumağan bolsalaif they hadn't drunk at one draft |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mentoğuğan bolsam editoğuğan bolsam edif only I had drunk at one draft | sentoğuğan bolsaŋ editoğuğan bolsaŋ edif only you had drunk at one draft | oltoğuğan bolsa editoğuğan bolsaedif only he had drunk at one draft | biztoğuğan bolsaq editoğuğan bolsaq edif only we had drunk at one draft | siztoğuğan bolsağız editoğuğan bolsağız edif only you all had drunk at one draft | alatoğuğan bolsala editoğuğan bolsalaedif only they had drunk at one draft |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mentoğumağan bolsam editoğumağan bolsam edif only I hadn't drunk at one draft | sentoğumağan bolsaŋ editoğumağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't drunk at one draft | oltoğumağan bolsa editoğumağan bolsaedif only he hadn't drunk at one draft | biztoğumağan bolsaq editoğumağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't drunk at one draft | siztoğumağan bolsağız editoğumağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't drunk at one draft | alatoğumağan bolsala editoğumağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't drunk at one draft |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | mentoğur esemif I will drink at one draft | sentoğur eseŋif you will drink at one draft | oltoğur eseif he will drink at one draft | biztoğur esekif we will drink at one draft | siztoğur esegizif you all will drink at one draft | alatoğur eseleif they will drink at one draft |
| Conditional, aorist | mentoğumaz esemif I won't drink at one draft | sentoğumaz eseŋif you won't drink at one draft | oltoğumaz eseif he won't drink at one draft | biztoğumaz esekif we won't drink at one draft | siztoğumaz esegizif you all won't drink at one draft | alatoğumaz eseleif they won't drink at one draft |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | mentoğuruq esemif I am going to drink at one draft | sentoğuruq eseŋif you are going to drink at one draft | oltoğuruq eseif he is going to drink at one draft | biztoğuruq esekif we are going to drink at one draft | siztoğuruq esegizif you all are going to drink at one draft | alatoğuruq eseleif they are going to drink at one draft |
| Conditional, future | mentoğuruq tül esemif I am not going to drink at one draft | sentoğuruq tül eseŋif you are not going to drink at one draft | oltoğuruq tül eseif he is not going to drink at one draft | biztoğuruq tül esekif we are not going to drink at one draft | siztoğuruq tül esegizif you all are not going to drink at one draft | alatoğuruq tül eseleif they are not going to drink at one draft |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mentoğuruq bolsamif I were going to drink at one draft | sentoğuruq bolsaŋif you were going to drink at one draft | oltoğuruq bolsaif he were going to drink at one draft | biztoğuruq bolsaqif we were going to drink at one draft | siztoğuruq bolsağızif you all were going to drink at one draft | alatoğuruq bolsalaif they were going to drink at one draft |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mentoğumazlıq bolsamif I were not going to drink at one draft | sentoğumazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to drink at one draft | oltoğumazlıq bolsaif he were not going to drink at one draft | biztoğumazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to drink at one draft | siztoğumazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to drink at one draft | alatoğumazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to drink at one draft |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso toğuduŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mentoğuy bolurmaI must be drinking at one draft | sentoğuy bolursayou must be drinking at one draft | oltoğuy bolurhe must be drinking at one draft | biztoğuy bolurbuzwe must be drinking at one draft | siztoğuy bolursuzyou all must be drinking at one draft | alatoğuy bolurlathey must be drinking at one draft |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mentoğumay bolurmaI must not be drinking at one draft | sentoğumay bolursayou must not be drinking at one draft | oltoğumay bolurhe must not be drinking at one draft | biztoğumay bolurbuzwe must not be drinking at one draft | siztoğumay bolursuzyou all must not be drinking at one draft | alatoğumay bolurlathey must not be drinking at one draft |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mentoğuy tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of drinking at one draft | sentoğuy tura bolursayou must be in the middle of drinking at one draft | oltoğuy tura bolurhe must be in the middle of drinking at one draft | biztoğuy tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of drinking at one draft | siztoğuy tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of drinking at one draft | alatoğuy tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of drinking at one draft |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mentoğumay tura bolurmaI must keep on not drinking at one draft | sentoğumay tura bolursayou must keep on not drinking at one draft | oltoğumay tura bolurhe must keep on not drinking at one draft | biztoğumay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not drinking at one draft | siztoğumay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not drinking at one draft | alatoğumay tura bolurlathey must keep on not drinking at one draft |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | mentoğuğan bolurmaI must have drunk at one draft | sentoğuğan bolursayou must have drunk at one draft | oltoğuğan bolurhe must have drunk at one draft | biztoğuğan bolurbuzwe must have drunk at one draft | siztoğuğan bolursuzyou all must have drunk at one draft | alatoğuğan bolurlathey must have drunk at one draft |
| Inference (must have) | mentoğumağan bolurmaI must not have drunk at one draft | sentoğumağan bolursayou must not have drunk at one draft | oltoğumağan bolurhe must not have drunk at one draft | biztoğumağan bolurbuzwe must not have drunk at one draft | siztoğumağan bolursuzyou all must not have drunk at one draft | alatoğumağan bolurlathey must not have drunk at one draft |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mentoğuruq bolurmaI must be going to drink at one draft | sentoğuruq bolursayou must be going to drink at one draft | oltoğuruq bolurhe must be going to drink at one draft | biztoğuruq bolurbuzwe must be going to drink at one draft | siztoğuruq bolursuzyou all must be going to drink at one draft | alatoğuruq bolurlathey must be going to drink at one draft |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mentoğumazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to drink at one draft | sentoğumazlıq bolursayou must not be going to drink at one draft | oltoğumazlıq bolurhe must not be going to drink at one draft | biztoğumazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to drink at one draft | siztoğumazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to drink at one draft | alatoğumazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to drink at one draft |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | mentoğuyumlet me drink at one draft | sentoğu!drink at one draft! | oltoğusunlet him drink at one draft | biztoğuyuqlet's drink at one draft | siztoğuğuz!drink at one draft, you all! | alatoğusunlalet them drink at one draft |
| Commands & suggestions | mentoğumayımlet me not drink at one draft | sentoğuma!don't drink at one draft! | oltoğumasınlet him not drink at one draft | biztoğumayıqlet's not drink at one draft | siztoğumağız!don't drink at one draft, you all! | alatoğumasınlalet them not drink at one draft |
| Commands & suggestions | mentoğuyummu?shall I drink at one draft? | oltoğusunmu?should he drink at one draft? | biztoğuyuqmu?shall we drink at one draft? | alatoğusunlamı?should they drink at one draft? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | mentoğumayımmı?shall I not drink at one draft? | oltoğumasınmı?should he not drink at one draft? | biztoğumayıqmı?shall we not drink at one draft? | alatoğumasınlamı?should they not drink at one draft? | ||
| Requests | sentoğuçu2toğuçunplease drink at one draft | oltoğusunçudo let him drink at one draft | siztoğuçuğuzplease drink at one draft (plural/polite) | alatoğusunlaçıdo let them drink at one draft | ||
| Requests | sentoğumaçı2toğumaçınplease don't drink at one draft | oltoğumasınçıdo let him not drink at one draft | siztoğumaçığızplease don't drink at one draft (plural/polite) | alatoğumasınlaçıdo let them not drink at one draft | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sentoğuğuntoğuğumay you drink at one draft | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sentoğumağıntoğumağımay you not drink at one draft | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mentoğuğay edim toğuğa edimwould that I drank at one draft | sentoğuğay ediŋ toğuğa ediŋwould that you drank at one draft | oltoğuğay edi toğuğa ediwould that he drank at one draft | biztoğuğay edik toğuğa edikwould that we drank at one draft | siztoğuğay edigiz toğuğa edigizwould that you all drank at one draft | alatoğuğay edile toğuğa edilewould that they drank at one draft |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mentoğumağay edim toğumağa edimwould that I did not drink at one draft | sentoğumağay ediŋ toğumağa ediŋwould that you did not drink at one draft | oltoğumağay edi toğumağa ediwould that he did not drink at one draft | biztoğumağay edik toğumağa edikwould that we did not drink at one draft | siztoğumağay edigiz toğumağa edigizwould that you all did not drink at one draft | alatoğumağay edile toğumağa edilewould that they did not drink at one draft |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | mentoğumağa qoyayımtoğuma qoyayımlet me allow someone to drink at one draft | sentoğumağa qoy!toğuma qoy!let someone drink at one draft! | oltoğumağa qoysuntoğuma qoysunlet him allow someone to drink at one draft | biztoğumağa qoyayıqtoğuma qoyayıqlet's allow someone to drink at one draft | siztoğumağa qoyuğuz!toğuma qoyuğuz!let someone drink at one draft, you all! | alatoğumağa qoysunlatoğuma qoysunlalet them allow someone to drink at one draft |
| Let someone… (commands) | mentoğumağa qoymayımtoğuma qoymayımlet me not allow someone to drink at one draft | sentoğumağa qoyma!toğuma qoyma!don't let someone drink at one draft! | oltoğumağa qoymasıntoğuma qoymasınlet him not allow someone to drink at one draft | biztoğumağa qoymayıqtoğuma qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to drink at one draft | siztoğumağa qoymağız!toğuma qoymağız!don't let someone drink at one draft, you all! | alatoğumağa qoymasınlatoğuma qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to drink at one draft |
| Let someone… (commands) | mentoğumağa qoyayımmı?toğuma qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to drink at one draft? | oltoğumağa qoysunmu?toğuma qoysunmu?should he allow someone to drink at one draft? | biztoğumağa qoyayıqmı?toğuma qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to drink at one draft? | alatoğumağa qoysunlamı?toğuma qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to drink at one draft? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | mentoğumağa qoymayımmı?toğuma qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to drink at one draft? | oltoğumağa qoymasınmı?toğuma qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to drink at one draft? | biztoğumağa qoymayıqmı?toğuma qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to drink at one draft? | alatoğumağa qoymasınlamı?toğuma qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to drink at one draft? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | mentoğumağa qoyamatoğuma qoyamaI allow someone to drink at one draft | sentoğumağa qoyasatoğuma qoyasayou allow someone to drink at one draft | oltoğumağa qoyadıtoğuma qoyadıhe allows someone to drink at one draft | biztoğumağa qoyabıztoğuma qoyabızwe allow someone to drink at one draft | siztoğumağa qoyasıztoğuma qoyasızyou all allow someone to drink at one draft | alatoğumağa qoyadılatoğuma qoyadılathey allow someone to drink at one draft |
| Let someone… (present) | mentoğumağa qoymaymatoğuma qoymaymaI don't allow someone to drink at one draft | sentoğumağa qoymaysatoğuma qoymaysayou don't allow someone to drink at one draft | oltoğumağa qoymaydıtoğuma qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to drink at one draft | biztoğumağa qoymaybıztoğuma qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to drink at one draft | siztoğumağa qoymaysıztoğuma qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to drink at one draft | alatoğumağa qoymaydılatoğuma qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to drink at one draft |
| Let someone… (present) | mentoğumağa qoyamamı?toğuma qoyamamı?do I allow someone to drink at one draft? | sentoğumağa qoyamısa?toğuma qoyamısa?do you allow someone to drink at one draft? | oltoğumağa qoyamıdı?toğuma qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to drink at one draft? | biztoğumağa qoyabızmı?toğuma qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to drink at one draft? | siztoğumağa qoyamısız?toğuma qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to drink at one draft? | alatoğumağa qoyamıdıla?toğuma qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to drink at one draft? |
| Let someone… (present) | mentoğumağa qoymaymamı?toğuma qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to drink at one draft? | sentoğumağa qoymaymısa?toğuma qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to drink at one draft? | oltoğumağa qoymaymıdı?toğuma qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to drink at one draft? | biztoğumağa qoymaybızmı?toğuma qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to drink at one draft? | siztoğumağa qoymaymısız?toğuma qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to drink at one draft? | alatoğumağa qoymaymıdıla?toğuma qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to drink at one draft? |
| Let someone… (past) | mentoğumağa qoydumtoğuma qoydumI allowed someone to drink at one draft | sentoğumağa qoyduŋtoğuma qoyduŋyou allowed someone to drink at one draft | oltoğumağa qoydutoğuma qoyduhe allowed someone to drink at one draft | biztoğumağa qoyduqtoğuma qoyduqwe allowed someone to drink at one draft | siztoğumağa qoyduğuztoğuma qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to drink at one draft | alatoğumağa qoydulatoğuma qoydulathey allowed someone to drink at one draft |
| Let someone… (past) | mentoğumağa qoymadımtoğuma qoymadımI didn't allow someone to drink at one draft | sentoğumağa qoymadıŋtoğuma qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to drink at one draft | oltoğumağa qoymadıtoğuma qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to drink at one draft | biztoğumağa qoymadıqtoğuma qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to drink at one draft | siztoğumağa qoymadığıztoğuma qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to drink at one draft | alatoğumağa qoymadılatoğuma qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to drink at one draft |
| Let someone… (past) | mentoğumağa qoydummu?toğuma qoydummu?did I allow someone to drink at one draft? | sentoğumağa qoyduŋmu?toğuma qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to drink at one draft? | oltoğumağa qoydumu?toğuma qoydumu?did he allow someone to drink at one draft? | biztoğumağa qoyduqmu?toğuma qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to drink at one draft? | siztoğumağa qoyduğuzmu?toğuma qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to drink at one draft? | alatoğumağa qoydulamı?toğuma qoydulamı?did they allow someone to drink at one draft? |
| Let someone… (past) | mentoğumağa qoymadımmı?toğuma qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to drink at one draft? | sentoğumağa qoymadıŋmı?toğuma qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to drink at one draft? | oltoğumağa qoymadımı?toğuma qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to drink at one draft? | biztoğumağa qoymadıqmı?toğuma qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to drink at one draft? | siztoğumağa qoymadığızmı?toğuma qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to drink at one draft? | alatoğumağa qoymadılamı?toğuma qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to drink at one draft? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
toğuyalırğa be able to drink at one draft · toğuyalmazğa be unable to drink at one draft
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | mentoğuyalamaI can drink at one draft | sentoğuyalasayou can drink at one draft | oltoğuyaladıhe can drink at one draft | biztoğuyalabızwe can drink at one draft | siztoğuyalasızyou all can drink at one draft | alatoğuyaladılathey can drink at one draft |
| Ability — present | mentoğuyalmaymaI can't drink at one draft | sentoğuyalmaysayou can't drink at one draft | oltoğuyalmaydıhe can't drink at one draft | biztoğuyalmaybızwe can't drink at one draft | siztoğuyalmaysızyou all can't drink at one draft | alatoğuyalmaydılathey can't drink at one draft |
| Ability — present | mentoğuyalamamı? toğuyalamıma?can I drink at one draft? | sentoğuyalamısa?can you drink at one draft? | oltoğuyalamıdı?can he drink at one draft? | biztoğuyalabızmı? toğuyalamıbız?can we drink at one draft? | siztoğuyalamısız?can you all drink at one draft? | alatoğuyalamıdıla?can they drink at one draft? |
| Ability — present | mentoğuyalmaymamı? toğuyalmaymıma?can't I drink at one draft? | sentoğuyalmaymısa?can't you drink at one draft? | oltoğuyalmaymıdı?can't he drink at one draft? | biztoğuyalmaybızmı? toğuyalmaymıbız?can't we drink at one draft? | siztoğuyalmaymısız?can't you all drink at one draft? | alatoğuyalmaymıdıla?can't they drink at one draft? |
| Ability — if I can… | mentoğuyalsamif I can drink at one draft | sentoğuyalsaŋif you can drink at one draft | oltoğuyalsaif he can drink at one draft | biztoğuyalsaqif we can drink at one draft | siztoğuyalsağızif you all can drink at one draft | alatoğuyalsalaif they can drink at one draft |
| Ability — if I can… | mentoğuyalmasamif I can't drink at one draft | sentoğuyalmasaŋif you can't drink at one draft | oltoğuyalmasaif he can't drink at one draft | biztoğuyalmasaqif we can't drink at one draft | siztoğuyalmasağızif you all can't drink at one draft | alatoğuyalmasalaif they can't drink at one draft |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | mentoğuyaldımI was able to drink at one draft | sentoğuyaldıŋyou were able to drink at one draft | oltoğuyaldıhe was able to drink at one draft | biztoğuyaldıqwe were able to drink at one draft | siztoğuyaldığızyou all were able to drink at one draft | alatoğuyaldılathey were able to drink at one draft |
| Ability — simple past | mentoğuyalmadımI could not drink at one draft | sentoğuyalmadıŋyou could not drink at one draft | oltoğuyalmadıhe could not drink at one draft | biztoğuyalmadıqwe could not drink at one draft | siztoğuyalmadığızyou all could not drink at one draft | alatoğuyalmadılathey could not drink at one draft |
| Ability — simple past | mentoğuyaldımmı?was I able to drink at one draft? | sentoğuyaldıŋmı?were you able to drink at one draft? | oltoğuyaldımı?was he able to drink at one draft? | biztoğuyaldıqmı?were we able to drink at one draft? | siztoğuyaldığızmı?were you all able to drink at one draft? | alatoğuyaldılamı?were they able to drink at one draft? |
| Ability — simple past | mentoğuyalmadımmı?couldn't I drink at one draft? | sentoğuyalmadıŋmı?couldn't you drink at one draft? | oltoğuyalmadımı?couldn't he drink at one draft? | biztoğuyalmadıqmı?couldn't we drink at one draft? | siztoğuyalmadığızmı?couldn't you all drink at one draft? | alatoğuyalmadılamı?couldn't they drink at one draft? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentoğuyalğanmaI have been able to drink at one draft | sentoğuyalğansayou have been able to drink at one draft | oltoğuyalğandıhe has been able to drink at one draft | biztoğuyalğanbızwe have been able to drink at one draft | siztoğuyalğansızyou all have been able to drink at one draft | alatoğuyalğandılathey have been able to drink at one draft |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentoğuyalmağanmaI haven't been able to drink at one draft | sentoğuyalmağansayou haven't been able to drink at one draft | oltoğuyalmağandıhe hasn't been able to drink at one draft | biztoğuyalmağanbızwe haven't been able to drink at one draft | siztoğuyalmağansızyou all haven't been able to drink at one draft | alatoğuyalmağandılathey haven't been able to drink at one draft |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentoğuyalğanmamı? toğuyalğanmıma?have I been able to drink at one draft? | sentoğuyalğanmısa?have you been able to drink at one draft? | oltoğuyalğanmıdı?has he been able to drink at one draft? | biztoğuyalğanbızmı? toğuyalğanmıbız?have we been able to drink at one draft? | siztoğuyalğanmısız?have you all been able to drink at one draft? | alatoğuyalğanmıdıla?have they been able to drink at one draft? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentoğuyalmağanmamı? toğuyalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to drink at one draft? | sentoğuyalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to drink at one draft? | oltoğuyalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to drink at one draft? | biztoğuyalmağanbızmı? toğuyalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to drink at one draft? | siztoğuyalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to drink at one draft? | alatoğuyalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to drink at one draft? |
| Ability — past perfect | mentoğuyalğan edimtoğuyalğanemI had been able to drink at one draft | sentoğuyalğan ediŋtoğuyalğaneŋyou had been able to drink at one draft | oltoğuyalğan editoğuyalğanedhe had been able to drink at one draft | biztoğuyalğan ediktoğuyalğanekwe had been able to drink at one draft | siztoğuyalğan edigiztoğuyalğanegizyou all had been able to drink at one draft | alatoğuyalğan ediletoğuyalğanellethey had been able to drink at one draft |
| Ability — past perfect | mentoğuyalmağan edimtoğuyalmağanemI hadn't been able to drink at one draft | sentoğuyalmağan ediŋtoğuyalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to drink at one draft | oltoğuyalmağan editoğuyalmağanedhe hadn't been able to drink at one draft | biztoğuyalmağan ediktoğuyalmağanekwe hadn't been able to drink at one draft | siztoğuyalmağan edigiztoğuyalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to drink at one draft | alatoğuyalmağan ediletoğuyalmağanellethey hadn't been able to drink at one draft |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | mentoğuyala edimtoğuyalaemI could drink at one draft | sentoğuyala ediŋtoğuyalaeŋyou could drink at one draft | oltoğuyala editoğuyalaedhe could drink at one draft | biztoğuyala ediktoğuyalaekwe could drink at one draft | siztoğuyala edigiztoğuyalaegizyou all could drink at one draft | alatoğuyala ediletoğuyalaellethey could drink at one draft |
| Ability — past background | mentoğuyalmay edimtoğuyalmayemI could not drink at one draft | sentoğuyalmay ediŋtoğuyalmayeŋyou could not drink at one draft | oltoğuyalmay editoğuyalmayedhe could not drink at one draft | biztoğuyalmay ediktoğuyalmayekwe could not drink at one draft | siztoğuyalmay edigiztoğuyalmayegizyou all could not drink at one draft | alatoğuyalmay ediletoğuyalmayellethey could not drink at one draft |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | mentoğuyalırmaI will be able to drink at one draft | sentoğuyalırsayou will be able to drink at one draft | oltoğuyalırhe will be able to drink at one draft | biztoğuyalırbızwe will be able to drink at one draft | siztoğuyalırsızyou all will be able to drink at one draft | alatoğuyalırlathey will be able to drink at one draft |
| Ability — future I | mentoğuyalmazmaI won't be able to drink at one draft | sentoğuyalmazsayou won't be able to drink at one draft | oltoğuyalmazhe won't be able to drink at one draft | biztoğuyalmazbızwe won't be able to drink at one draft | siztoğuyalmazsızyou all won't be able to drink at one draft | alatoğuyalmazlathey won't be able to drink at one draft |
| Ability — future I | mentoğuyalırmamı? toğuyalırmıma?will I be able to drink at one draft? | sentoğuyalırmısa?will you be able to drink at one draft? | oltoğuyalırmı?will he be able to drink at one draft? | biztoğuyalırbızmı? toğuyalırmıbız?will we be able to drink at one draft? | siztoğuyalırmısız?will you all be able to drink at one draft? | alatoğuyalırlamı? toğuyalırmıla?will they be able to drink at one draft? |
| Ability — future I | mentoğuyalmazmamı? toğuyalmazmıma?won't I be able to drink at one draft? | sentoğuyalmazmısa?won't you be able to drink at one draft? | oltoğuyalmazmı?won't he be able to drink at one draft? | biztoğuyalmazbızmı? toğuyalmazmıbız?won't we be able to drink at one draft? | siztoğuyalmazmısız?won't you all be able to drink at one draft? | alatoğuyalmazlamı? toğuyalmazmıla?won't they be able to drink at one draft? |
| Ability — future II | mentoğuyallıqmaI am going to be able to drink at one draft | sentoğuyallıqsayou are going to be able to drink at one draft | oltoğuyallıqdıhe is going to be able to drink at one draft | biztoğuyallıqbızwe are going to be able to drink at one draft | siztoğuyallıqsızyou all are going to be able to drink at one draft | alatoğuyallıqdılathey are going to be able to drink at one draft |
| Ability — future II | mentoğuyallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to drink at one draft | sentoğuyallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to drink at one draft | oltoğuyallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to drink at one draft | biztoğuyallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to drink at one draft | siztoğuyallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to drink at one draft | alatoğuyallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to drink at one draft |
| Ability — future II | mentoğuyallıqmamı? toğuyallıqmıma?am I going to be able to drink at one draft? | sentoğuyallıqmısa?are you going to be able to drink at one draft? | oltoğuyallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to drink at one draft? | biztoğuyallıqbızmı? toğuyallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to drink at one draft? | siztoğuyallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to drink at one draft? | alatoğuyallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to drink at one draft? |
| Ability — future II | mentoğuyallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to drink at one draft? | sentoğuyallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to drink at one draft? | oltoğuyallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to drink at one draft? | biztoğuyallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to drink at one draft? | siztoğuyallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to drink at one draft? | alatoğuyallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to drink at one draft? |
| Ability — would be able to… | mentoğuyalır edimtoğuyalır emI would be able to drink at one draft | sentoğuyalır ediŋtoğuyalır eŋyou would be able to drink at one draft | oltoğuyalır editoğuyalır edhe would be able to drink at one draft | biztoğuyalır ediktoğuyalır ekwe would be able to drink at one draft | siztoğuyalır edigiztoğuyalır egizyou all would be able to drink at one draft | alatoğuyalır ediletoğuyalır ellethey would be able to drink at one draft |
| Ability — would be able to… | mentoğuyalmaz edimtoğuyalmaz emI wouldn't be able to drink at one draft | sentoğuyalmaz ediŋtoğuyalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to drink at one draft | oltoğuyalmaz editoğuyalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to drink at one draft | biztoğuyalmaz ediktoğuyalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to drink at one draft | siztoğuyalmaz edigiztoğuyalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to drink at one draft | alatoğuyalmaz ediletoğuyalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to drink at one draft |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sentoğuyalğıntoğuyalğımay you be able to drink at one draft | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sentoğuyalmağıntoğuyalmağımay you not be able to drink at one draft | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | mentoğurğa izleymeI want to drink at one draft | sentoğurğa izleyseyou want to drink at one draft | oltoğurğa izleydihe wants to drink at one draft | biztoğurğa izleybizwe want to drink at one draft | siztoğurğa izleysizyou all want to drink at one draft | alatoğurğa izleydilethey want to drink at one draft |
| want to | mentoğurğa izlemeymeI do not want to drink at one draft | sentoğurğa izlemeyseyou do not want to drink at one draft | oltoğurğa izlemeydihe does not want to drink at one draft | biztoğurğa izlemeybizwe do not want to drink at one draft | siztoğurğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to drink at one draft | alatoğurğa izlemeydilethey do not want to drink at one draft |
| would like to | mentoğurğa süemeI would like to drink at one draft | sentoğurğa süeseyou would like to drink at one draft | oltoğurğa süedihe would like to drink at one draft | biztoğurğa süebizwe would like to drink at one draft | siztoğurğa süesizyou all would like to drink at one draft | alatoğurğa süedilethey would like to drink at one draft |
| would like to | mentoğurğa süymeymeI would not like to drink at one draft | sentoğurğa süymeyseyou would not like to drink at one draft | oltoğurğa süymeydihe would not like to drink at one draft | biztoğurğa süymeybizwe would not like to drink at one draft | siztoğurğa süymeysizyou all would not like to drink at one draft | alatoğurğa süymeydilethey would not like to drink at one draft |
| hope to | mentoğurğa umutlanamaI hope to drink at one draft | sentoğurğa umutlanasayou hope to drink at one draft | oltoğurğa umutlanadıhe hopes to drink at one draft | biztoğurğa umutlanabızwe hope to drink at one draft | siztoğurğa umutlanasızyou all hope to drink at one draft | alatoğurğa umutlanadılathey hope to drink at one draft |
| hope to | mentoğurğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to drink at one draft | sentoğurğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to drink at one draft | oltoğurğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to drink at one draft | biztoğurğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to drink at one draft | siztoğurğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to drink at one draft | alatoğurğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to drink at one draft |
| be about to | mentoğurğa deb turamaI am about to drink at one draft | sentoğurğa deb turasayou are about to drink at one draft | oltoğurğa deb turadıhe is about to drink at one draft | biztoğurğa deb turabızwe are about to drink at one draft | siztoğurğa deb turasızyou all are about to drink at one draft | alatoğurğa deb turadılathey are about to drink at one draft |
| be about to | mentoğurğa deb turmaymaI am not about to drink at one draft | sentoğurğa deb turmaysayou are not about to drink at one draft | oltoğurğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to drink at one draft | biztoğurğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to drink at one draft | siztoğurğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to drink at one draft | alatoğurğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to drink at one draft |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | mentoğurğa kerekmeI need to drink at one draft | sentoğurğa kerekseyou need to drink at one draft | oltoğurğa kerekdihe needs to drink at one draft | biztoğurğa kerekbizwe need to drink at one draft | siztoğurğa kereksizyou all need to drink at one draft | alatoğurğa kerekdilethey need to drink at one draft |
| need to | mentoğurğa kerek tülmeI do not need to drink at one draft | sentoğurğa kerek tülseyou do not need to drink at one draft | oltoğurğa kerek tüldühe does not need to drink at one draft | biztoğurğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to drink at one draft | siztoğurğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to drink at one draft | alatoğurğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to drink at one draft |
| have to | menmenŋe toğurğa tüşediI have to drink at one draft | sensenŋe toğurğa tüşediyou have to drink at one draft | olaŋa toğurğa tüşedihe has to drink at one draft | bizbizge toğurğa tüşediwe have to drink at one draft | sizsizge toğurğa tüşediyou all have to drink at one draft | alaalağa toğurğa tüşedithey have to drink at one draft |
| have to | menmenŋe toğurğa tüşmeydiI do not have to drink at one draft | sensenŋe toğurğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to drink at one draft | olaŋa toğurğa tüşmeydihe does not have to drink at one draft | bizbizge toğurğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to drink at one draft | sizsizge toğurğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to drink at one draft | alaalağa toğurğa tüşmeydithey do not have to drink at one draft |
| be obliged to | mentoğurğa borçlumaI am obliged to drink at one draft | sentoğurğa borçlusayou are obliged to drink at one draft | oltoğurğa borçluduhe is obliged to drink at one draft | biztoğurğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to drink at one draft | siztoğurğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to drink at one draft | alatoğurğa borçludulathey are obliged to drink at one draft |
| be obliged to | mentoğurğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to drink at one draft | sentoğurğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to drink at one draft | oltoğurğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to drink at one draft | biztoğurğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to drink at one draft | siztoğurğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to drink at one draft | alatoğurğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to drink at one draft |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | mentoğurğa madarım bardıI have a way to drink at one draft | sentoğurğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to drink at one draft | oltoğurğa madarı bardıhe has a way to drink at one draft | biztoğurğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to drink at one draft | siztoğurğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to drink at one draft | alatoğurğa madarları bardıthey have a way to drink at one draft |
| have a way to | mentoğurğa madarım joqduI have no way to drink at one draft | sentoğurğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to drink at one draft | oltoğurğa madarı joqduhe has no way to drink at one draft | biztoğurğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to drink at one draft | siztoğurğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to drink at one draft | alatoğurğa madarları joqduthey have no way to drink at one draft |
| be free to | mentoğurğa erkinligim bardıI am free to drink at one draft | sentoğurğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to drink at one draft | oltoğurğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to drink at one draft | biztoğurğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to drink at one draft | siztoğurğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to drink at one draft | alatoğurğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to drink at one draft |
| be free to | mentoğurğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to drink at one draft | sentoğurğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to drink at one draft | oltoğurğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to drink at one draft | biztoğurğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to drink at one draft | siztoğurğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to drink at one draft | alatoğurğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to drink at one draft |
| be possible to | menmenŋe toğurğa bolluqduit is possible for me to drink at one draft | sensenŋe toğurğa bolluqduit is possible for you to drink at one draft | olaŋa toğurğa bolluqduit is possible for him to drink at one draft | bizbizge toğurğa bolluqduit is possible for us to drink at one draft | sizsizge toğurğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to drink at one draft | alaalağa toğurğa bolluqduit is possible for them to drink at one draft |
| be possible to | menmenŋe toğurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to drink at one draft | sensenŋe toğurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to drink at one draft | olaŋa toğurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to drink at one draft | bizbizge toğurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to drink at one draft | sizsizge toğurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to drink at one draft | alaalağa toğurğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to drink at one draft |
| be ready to | mentoğurğa hazırmaI am ready to drink at one draft | sentoğurğa hazırsayou are ready to drink at one draft | oltoğurğa hazırdıhe is ready to drink at one draft | biztoğurğa hazırbızwe are ready to drink at one draft | siztoğurğa hazırsızyou all are ready to drink at one draft | alatoğurğa hazırdılathey are ready to drink at one draft |
| be ready to | mentoğurğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to drink at one draft | sentoğurğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to drink at one draft | oltoğurğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to drink at one draft | biztoğurğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to drink at one draft | siztoğurğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to drink at one draft | alatoğurğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to drink at one draft |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | mentoğurğa küreşemeI am trying to drink at one draft | sentoğurğa küreşeseyou are trying to drink at one draft | oltoğurğa küreşedihe is trying to drink at one draft | biztoğurğa küreşebizwe are trying to drink at one draft | siztoğurğa küreşesizyou all are trying to drink at one draft | alatoğurğa küreşedilethey are trying to drink at one draft |
| try to | mentoğurğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to drink at one draft | sentoğurğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to drink at one draft | oltoğurğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to drink at one draft | biztoğurğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to drink at one draft | siztoğurğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to drink at one draft | alatoğurğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to drink at one draft |
| agree to | mentoğurğa unaymaI agree to drink at one draft | sentoğurğa unaysayou agree to drink at one draft | oltoğurğa unaydıhe agrees to drink at one draft | biztoğurğa unaybızwe agree to drink at one draft | siztoğurğa unaysızyou all agree to drink at one draft | alatoğurğa unaydılathey agree to drink at one draft |
| agree to | mentoğurğa unamaymaI refuse to drink at one draft | sentoğurğa unamaysayou refuse to drink at one draft | oltoğurğa unamaydıhe refuses to drink at one draft | biztoğurğa unamaybızwe refuse to drink at one draft | siztoğurğa unamaysızyou all refuse to drink at one draft | alatoğurğa unamaydılathey refuse to drink at one draft |
| hurry to | mentoğurğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to drink at one draft | sentoğurğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to drink at one draft | oltoğurğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to drink at one draft | biztoğurğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to drink at one draft | siztoğurğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to drink at one draft | alatoğurğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to drink at one draft |
| hurry to | mentoğurğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to drink at one draft | sentoğurğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to drink at one draft | oltoğurğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to drink at one draft | biztoğurğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to drink at one draft | siztoğurğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to drink at one draft | alatoğurğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to drink at one draft |
| be afraid to | mentoğurğa qorqamaI am afraid to drink at one draft | sentoğurğa qorqasayou are afraid to drink at one draft | oltoğurğa qorqadıhe is afraid to drink at one draft | biztoğurğa qorqabızwe are afraid to drink at one draft | siztoğurğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to drink at one draft | alatoğurğa qorqadılathey are afraid to drink at one draft |
| be afraid to | mentoğurğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to drink at one draft | sentoğurğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to drink at one draft | oltoğurğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to drink at one draft | biztoğurğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to drink at one draft | siztoğurğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to drink at one draft | alatoğurğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to drink at one draft |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | mentoğuy bolmazmaI can't be drinking at one draft | sentoğuy bolmazsayou can't be drinking at one draft | oltoğuy bolmazhe can't be drinking at one draft | biztoğuy bolmazbızwe can't be drinking at one draft | siztoğuy bolmazsızyou all can't be drinking at one draft | alatoğuy bolmazlathey can't be drinking at one draft |
| Inference, present — double negation | mentoğumay bolmazmaI must be drinking at one draft (emphatic) | sentoğumay bolmazsayou must be drinking at one draft (emphatic) | oltoğumay bolmazhe must be drinking at one draft (emphatic) | biztoğumay bolmazbızwe must be drinking at one draft (emphatic) | siztoğumay bolmazsızyou all must be drinking at one draft (emphatic) | alatoğumay bolmazlathey must be drinking at one draft (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | mentoğuy turmasamif I don't keep drinking at one draft | sentoğuy turmasaŋif you don't keep drinking at one draft | oltoğuy turmasaif he doesn't keep drinking at one draft | biztoğuy turmasaqif we don't keep drinking at one draft | siztoğuy turmasağızif you all don't keep drinking at one draft | alatoğuy turmasalaif they don't keep drinking at one draft |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | mentoğuy tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of drinking at one draft | sentoğuy tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of drinking at one draft | oltoğuy tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of drinking at one draft | biztoğuy tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of drinking at one draft | siztoğuy tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of drinking at one draft | alatoğuy tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of drinking at one draft |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | mentoğumay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not drinking at one draft (emphatic) | sentoğumay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not drinking at one draft (emphatic) | oltoğumay tura bolmazhe must keep on not drinking at one draft (emphatic) | biztoğumay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not drinking at one draft (emphatic) | siztoğumay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not drinking at one draft (emphatic) | alatoğumay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not drinking at one draft (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | mentoğumay turamaI keep on not drinking at one draft | sentoğumay turasayou keep on not drinking at one draft | oltoğumay turadıhe keeps on not drinking at one draft | biztoğumay turabızwe keep on not drinking at one draft | siztoğumay turasızyou all keep on not drinking at one draft | alatoğumay turadılathey keep on not drinking at one draft |
| Progressive — double negation | mentoğumay turmaymaI am not keeping on not drinking at one draft | sentoğumay turmaysayou are not keeping on not drinking at one draft | oltoğumay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not drinking at one draft | biztoğumay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not drinking at one draft | siztoğumay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not drinking at one draft | alatoğumay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not drinking at one draft |
| Progressive — double negation | mentoğumay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not drinking at one draft? | sentoğumay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not drinking at one draft? | oltoğumay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not drinking at one draft? | biztoğumay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not drinking at one draft? | siztoğumay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not drinking at one draft? | alatoğumay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not drinking at one draft? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | mentoğuğan bolmazmaI can't have drunk at one draft | sentoğuğan bolmazsayou can't have drunk at one draft | oltoğuğan bolmazhe can't have drunk at one draft | biztoğuğan bolmazbızwe can't have drunk at one draft | siztoğuğan bolmazsızyou all can't have drunk at one draft | alatoğuğan bolmazlathey can't have drunk at one draft |
| Inference — double negation | mentoğumağan bolmazmaI must have drunk at one draft (emphatic) | sentoğumağan bolmazsayou must have drunk at one draft (emphatic) | oltoğumağan bolmazhe must have drunk at one draft (emphatic) | biztoğumağan bolmazbızwe must have drunk at one draft (emphatic) | siztoğumağan bolmazsızyou all must have drunk at one draft (emphatic) | alatoğumağan bolmazlathey must have drunk at one draft (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | mentoğuğan bolmasamif it weren't that I had drunk at one draft | sentoğuğan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had drunk at one draft | oltoğuğan bolmasaif it weren't that he had drunk at one draft | biztoğuğan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had drunk at one draft | siztoğuğan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had drunk at one draft | alatoğuğan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had drunk at one draft |
| Counterfactual — double negation | mentoğumağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't drunk at one draft | sentoğumağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't drunk at one draft | oltoğumağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't drunk at one draft | biztoğumağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't drunk at one draft | siztoğumağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't drunk at one draft | alatoğumağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't drunk at one draft |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | mentoğuruq bolmazmaI can't be going to drink at one draft | sentoğuruq bolmazsayou can't be going to drink at one draft | oltoğuruq bolmazhe can't be going to drink at one draft | biztoğuruq bolmazbızwe can't be going to drink at one draft | siztoğuruq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to drink at one draft | alatoğuruq bolmazlathey can't be going to drink at one draft |
| Inference, future — double negation | mentoğumazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to drink at one draft (emphatic) | sentoğumazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to drink at one draft (emphatic) | oltoğumazlıq bolmazhe must be going to drink at one draft (emphatic) | biztoğumazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to drink at one draft (emphatic) | siztoğumazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to drink at one draft (emphatic) | alatoğumazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to drink at one draft (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | mentoğuruq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to drink at one draft | sentoğuruq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to drink at one draft | oltoğuruq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to drink at one draft | biztoğuruq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to drink at one draft | siztoğuruq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to drink at one draft | alatoğuruq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to drink at one draft |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | mentoğumazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to drink at one draft | sentoğumazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to drink at one draft | oltoğumazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to drink at one draft | biztoğumazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to drink at one draft | siztoğumazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to drink at one draft | alatoğumazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to drink at one draft |