tarırğa
/tarɯrʁa/
till, cultivate, work the land
- jer tarırğa — to till the land
- baçhanı tarırğa — to work the garden
- atam jerni taradı — my father works the land
- biz baçhanı tardıq — we tilled the garden
- jerni tarırğa kerekdi — the land must be tilled
Expressions
- külkü tarırğa — burst out laughing
Conjugation
Common forms
- taradıhe is tilling
- tardıhe tilled
- tarğandıhe has tilled
- tarırhe will till
- tarlıqdıhe is going to till
- tara edihe was tilling
- tarsaif he tills
- tar!till!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentaramaI am tilling | sentarasayou are tilling | oltaradıhe is tilling | biztarabızwe are tilling | siztarasızyou all are tilling | alataradılathey are tilling |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentarmaymaI am not tilling | sentarmaysayou are not tilling | oltarmaydıhe is not tilling | biztarmaybızwe are not tilling | siztarmaysızyou all are not tilling | alatarmaydılathey are not tilling |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentaramamı? taramıma?am I tilling? | sentaramısa?are you tilling? | oltaramıdı?is he tilling? | biztarabızmı? taramıbız?are we tilling? | siztaramısız?are you all tilling? | alataramıdıla?are they tilling? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentarmaymamı? tarmaymıma?aren't I tilling? | sentarmaymısa?aren't you tilling? | oltarmaymıdı?isn't he tilling? | biztarmaybızmı? tarmaymıbız?aren't we tilling? | siztarmaymısız?aren't you all tilling? | alatarmaymıdıla?aren't they tilling? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentarıwçanmaI usually till | sentarıwçansayou usually till | oltarıwçandıhe usually tills | biztarıwçanbızwe usually till | siztarıwçansızyou all usually till | alatarıwçandılathey usually till |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentarmawçanmaI usually don't till | sentarmawçansayou usually don't till | oltarmawçandıhe usually doesn't till | biztarmawçanbızwe usually don't till | siztarmawçansızyou all usually don't till | alatarmawçandılathey usually don't till |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentarıwçanmamı? tarıwçanmıma?do I usually till? | sentarıwçanmısa?do you usually till? | oltarıwçanmıdı?does he usually till? | biztarıwçanbızmı? tarıwçanmıbız?do we usually till? | siztarıwçanmısız?do you all usually till? | alatarıwçanmıdıla?do they usually till? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentarmawçanmamı? tarmawçanmıma?do I usually not till? | sentarmawçanmısa?do you usually not till? | oltarmawçanmıdı?does he usually not till? | biztarmawçanbızmı? tarmawçanmıbız?do we usually not till? | siztarmawçanmısız?do you all usually not till? | alatarmawçanmıdıla?do they usually not till? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oltarıbdıhe has tilled and remains so | alatarıbdılathey have tilled and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oltarıbmıdı?has he tilled? | alatarıbmıdıla?have they tilled? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentarıb turamaI keep tilling | sentarıb turasayou keep tilling | oltarıb turadıhe keeps tilling | biztarıb turabızwe keep tilling | siztarıb turasızyou all keep tilling | alatarıb turadılathey keep tilling |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentarıb turmaymaI don't keep tilling | sentarıb turmaysayou don't keep tilling | oltarıb turmaydıhe doesn't keep tilling | biztarıb turmaybızwe don't keep tilling | siztarıb turmaysızyou all don't keep tilling | alatarıb turmaydılathey don't keep tilling |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentarıb turamamı? tarıb turamıma?do I keep tilling? | sentarıb turamısa?do you keep tilling? | oltarıb turamıdı?does he keep tilling? | biztarıb turabızmı? tarıb turamıbız?do we keep tilling? | siztarıb turamısız?do you all keep tilling? | alatarıb turamıdıla?do they keep tilling? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentarıb turmaymamı? tarıb turmaymıma?don't I keep tilling? | sentarıb turmaymısa?don't you keep tilling? | oltarıb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep tilling? | biztarıb turmaybızmı? tarıb turmaymıbız?don't we keep tilling? | siztarıb turmaymısız?don't you all keep tilling? | alatarıb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep tilling? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentara turamaI am in the middle of tilling | sentara turasayou are in the middle of tilling | oltara turadıhe is in the middle of tilling | biztara turabızwe are in the middle of tilling | siztara turasızyou all are in the middle of tilling | alatara turadılathey are in the middle of tilling |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentara turmaymaI am not in the middle of tilling | sentara turmaysayou are not in the middle of tilling | oltara turmaydıhe is not in the middle of tilling | biztara turmaybızwe are not in the middle of tilling | siztara turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of tilling | alatara turmaydılathey are not in the middle of tilling |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentara turamamı? tara turamıma?am I in the middle of tilling? | sentara turamısa?are you in the middle of tilling? | oltara turamıdı?is he in the middle of tilling? | biztara turabızmı? tara turamıbız?are we in the middle of tilling? | siztara turamısız?are you all in the middle of tilling? | alatara turamıdıla?are they in the middle of tilling? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentara turmaymamı? tara turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of tilling? | sentara turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of tilling? | oltara turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of tilling? | biztara turmaybızmı? tara turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of tilling? | siztara turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of tilling? | alatara turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of tilling? |
| Simple past (definite) | mentardımI tilled | sentardıŋyou tilled | oltardıhe tilled | biztardıqwe tilled | siztardığızyou all tilled | alatardılathey tilled |
| Simple past (definite) | mentarmadımI didn't till | sentarmadıŋyou didn't till | oltarmadıhe didn't till | biztarmadıqwe didn't till | siztarmadığızyou all didn't till | alatarmadılathey didn't till |
| Simple past (definite) | mentardımmı?did I till? | sentardıŋmı?did you till? | oltardımı?did he till? | biztardıqmı?did we till? | siztardığızmı?did you all till? | alatardılamı?did they till? |
| Simple past (definite) | mentarmadımmı?didn't I till? | sentarmadıŋmı?didn't you till? | oltarmadımı?didn't he till? | biztarmadıqmı?didn't we till? | siztarmadığızmı?didn't you all till? | alatarmadılamı?didn't they till? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentarğanmaI have tilled | sentarğansayou have tilled | oltarğandıhe has tilled | biztarğanbızwe have tilled | siztarğansızyou all have tilled | alatarğandılathey have tilled |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentarmağanmaI haven't tilled | sentarmağansayou haven't tilled | oltarmağandıhe hasn't tilled | biztarmağanbızwe haven't tilled | siztarmağansızyou all haven't tilled | alatarmağandılathey haven't tilled |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentarğanmamı? tarğanmıma?have I tilled? | sentarğanmısa?have you tilled? | oltarğanmıdı?has he tilled? | biztarğanbızmı? tarğanmıbız?have we tilled? | siztarğanmısız?have you all tilled? | alatarğanmıdıla?have they tilled? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentarmağanmamı? tarmağanmıma?haven't I tilled? | sentarmağanmısa?haven't you tilled? | oltarmağanmıdı?hasn't he tilled? | biztarmağanbızmı? tarmağanmıbız?haven't we tilled? | siztarmağanmısız?haven't you all tilled? | alatarmağanmıdıla?haven't they tilled? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mentarıb turdumI kept tilling | sentarıb turduŋyou kept tilling | oltarıb turduhe kept tilling | biztarıb turduqwe kept tilling | siztarıb turduğuzyou all kept tilling | alatarıb turdulathey kept tilling |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mentarıb turmadımI didn't keep tilling | sentarıb turmadıŋyou didn't keep tilling | oltarıb turmadıhe didn't keep tilling | biztarıb turmadıqwe didn't keep tilling | siztarıb turmadığızyou all didn't keep tilling | alatarıb turmadılathey didn't keep tilling |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentarırmaI will till | sentarırsayou will till | oltarırhe will till | biztarırbızwe will till | siztarırsızyou all will till | alatarırlathey will till |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentarmazmaI won't till | sentarmazsayou won't till | oltarmazhe won't till | biztarmazbızwe won't till | siztarmazsızyou all won't till | alatarmazlathey won't till |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentarırmamı? tarırmıma?will I till? | sentarırmısa?will you till? | oltarırmı?will he till? | biztarırbızmı? tarırmıbız?will we till? | siztarırmısız?will you all till? | alatarırlamı? tarırmıla?will they till? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentarmazmamı? tarmazmıma?won't I till? | sentarmazmısa?won't you till? | oltarmazmı?won't he till? | biztarmazbızmı? tarmazmıbız?won't we till? | siztarmazmısız?won't you all till? | alatarmazlamı? tarmazmıla?won't they till? |
| Definite future (future II) | mentarlıqma1tarrıqmaI am going to till | sentarlıqsa1tarrıqsayou are going to till | oltarlıqdı1tarrıqdıhe is going to till | biztarlıqbız1tarrıqbızwe are going to till | siztarlıqsız1tarrıqsızyou all are going to till | alatarlıqdıla1tarrıqdılathey are going to till |
| Definite future (future II) | mentarlıq tülme1tarrıq tülmeI am not going to till | sentarlıq tülse1tarrıq tülseyou are not going to till | oltarlıq tüldü1tarrıq tüldühe is not going to till | biztarlıq tülbüz1tarrıq tülbüzwe are not going to till | siztarlıq tülsüz1tarrıq tülsüzyou all are not going to till | alatarlıq tüldüle1tarrıq tüldülethey are not going to till |
| Definite future (future II) | mentarlıqmamı?1 tarlıqmıma?tarrıqmamı?am I going to till? | sentarlıqmısa?1tarrıqmısa?are you going to till? | oltarlıqmıdı?1tarrıqmıdı?is he going to till? | biztarlıqbızmı?1 tarlıqmıbız?tarrıqbızmı?are we going to till? | siztarlıqmısız?1tarrıqmısız?are you all going to till? | alatarlıqmıdıla?1tarrıqmıdıla?are they going to till? |
| Definite future (future II) | mentarlıq tülmüme?1tarrıq tülmüme?aren't I going to till? | sentarlıq tülmüse?1tarrıq tülmüse?aren't you going to till? | oltarlıq tülmüdü?1tarrıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to till? | biztarlıq tülmübüz?1tarrıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to till? | siztarlıq tülmüsüz?1tarrıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to till? | alatarlıq tülmüdüle?1tarrıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to till? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Definite future (future II)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so tarrıqdı
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mentarğan edimtarğanemI had tilled | sentarğan ediŋtarğaneŋyou had tilled | oltarğan editarğanedhe had tilled | biztarğan ediktarğanekwe had tilled | siztarğan edigiztarğanegizyou all had tilled | alatarğan ediletarğanellethey had tilled |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mentarmağan edimtarmağanemI hadn't tilled | sentarmağan ediŋtarmağaneŋyou hadn't tilled | oltarmağan editarmağanedhe hadn't tilled | biztarmağan ediktarmağanekwe hadn't tilled | siztarmağan edigiztarmağanegizyou all hadn't tilled | alatarmağan ediletarmağanellethey hadn't tilled |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mentara edimtaraemI was tilling | sentara ediŋtaraeŋyou were tilling | oltara editaraedhe was tilling | biztara ediktaraekwe were tilling | siztara edigiztaraegizyou all were tilling | alatara ediletaraellethey were tilling |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mentarmay edimtarmayemI wasn't tilling | sentarmay ediŋtarmayeŋyou weren't tilling | oltarmay editarmayedhe wasn't tilling | biztarmay ediktarmayekwe weren't tilling | siztarmay edigiztarmayegizyou all weren't tilling | alatarmay ediletarmayellethey weren't tilling |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | mentarıwçan edimtarıwçanemI used to till | sentarıwçan ediŋtarıwçaneŋyou used to till | oltarıwçan editarıwçanedhe used to till | biztarıwçan ediktarıwçanekwe used to till | siztarıwçan edigiztarıwçanegizyou all used to till | alatarıwçan ediletarıwçanellethey used to till |
| Habitual past (used to) | mentarmawçan edimtarmawçanemI didn't use to till | sentarmawçan ediŋtarmawçaneŋyou didn't use to till | oltarmawçan editarmawçanedhe didn't use to till | biztarmawçan ediktarmawçanekwe didn't use to till | siztarmawçan edigiztarmawçanegizyou all didn't use to till | alatarmawçan ediletarmawçanellethey didn't use to till |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oltarıb edihe had tilled and remained so | alatarıb edilethey had tilled and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oltarıb tül edihe hadn't tilled | alatarıb tül edilethey hadn't tilled | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mentarıb tura edimtarıb turaemI had kept tilling | sentarıb tura ediŋtarıb turaeŋyou had kept tilling | oltarıb tura editarıb turaedhe had kept tilling | biztarıb tura ediktarıb turaekwe had kept tilling | siztarıb tura edigiztarıb turaegizyou all had kept tilling | alatarıb tura ediletarıb turaellethey had kept tilling |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mentarıb turmay edimtarıb turmayemI hadn't kept tilling | sentarıb turmay ediŋtarıb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept tilling | oltarıb turmay editarıb turmayedhe hadn't kept tilling | biztarıb turmay ediktarıb turmayekwe hadn't kept tilling | siztarıb turmay edigiztarıb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept tilling | alatarıb turmay ediletarıb turmayellethey hadn't kept tilling |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mentara tura edimtara turaemI was in the middle of tilling | sentara tura ediŋtara turaeŋyou were in the middle of tilling | oltara tura editara turaedhe was in the middle of tilling | biztara tura ediktara turaekwe were in the middle of tilling | siztara tura edigiztara turaegizyou all were in the middle of tilling | alatara tura ediletara turaellethey were in the middle of tilling |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mentara turmay edimtara turmayemI wasn't in the middle of tilling | sentara turmay ediŋtara turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of tilling | oltara turmay editara turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of tilling | biztara turmay ediktara turmayekwe weren't in the middle of tilling | siztara turmay edigiztara turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of tilling | alatara turmay ediletara turmayellethey weren't in the middle of tilling |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | mentarır edimtarır emI would till | sentarır ediŋtarır eŋyou would till | oltarır editarır edhe would till | biztarır ediktarır ekwe would till | siztarır edigiztarır egizyou all would till | alatarır ediletarır ellethey would till |
| Conditional result (would) | mentarmaz edimtarmaz emI wouldn't till | sentarmaz ediŋtarmaz eŋyou wouldn't till | oltarmaz editarmaz edhe wouldn't till | biztarmaz ediktarmaz ekwe wouldn't till | siztarmaz edigiztarmaz egizyou all wouldn't till | alatarmaz ediletarmaz ellethey wouldn't till |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | mentarlıq edim2tarlıq emtarrıq edimI would have tilled | sentarlıq ediŋ2tarlıq eŋtarrıq ediŋyou would have tilled | oltarlıq edi2tarlıq edtarrıq edihe would have tilled | biztarlıq edik2tarlıq ektarrıq edikwe would have tilled | siztarlıq edigiz2tarlıq egiztarrıq edigizyou all would have tilled | alatarlıq edile2tarlıq elletarrıq edilethey would have tilled |
| Past conditional result (would have) | mentarlıq tül edim2tarlıq tül emtarrıq tül edimI wouldn't have tilled | sentarlıq tül ediŋ2tarlıq tül eŋtarrıq tül ediŋyou wouldn't have tilled | oltarlıq tül edi2tarlıq tül edtarrıq tül edihe wouldn't have tilled | biztarlıq tül edik2tarlıq tül ektarrıq tül edikwe wouldn't have tilled | siztarlıq tül edigiz2tarlıq tül egiztarrıq tül edigizyou all wouldn't have tilled | alatarlıq tül edile2tarlıq tül elletarrıq tül edilethey wouldn't have tilled |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
- Past conditional result (would have)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so tarrıq edi
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | mentarsamif I till | sentarsaŋif you till | oltarsaif he tills | biztarsaqif we till | siztarsağızif you all till | alatarsalaif they till |
| Conditional | mentarmasamif I don't till | sentarmasaŋif you don't till | oltarmasaif he doesn't till | biztarmasaqif we don't till | siztarmasağızif you all don't till | alatarmasalaif they don't till |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | mentara esemif I am tilling | sentara eseŋif you are tilling | oltara eseif he is tilling | biztara esekif we are tilling | siztara esegizif you all are tilling | alatara eseleif they are tilling |
| Conditional, present real | mentarmay esemif I am not tilling | sentarmay eseŋif you are not tilling | oltarmay eseif he is not tilling | biztarmay esekif we are not tilling | siztarmay esegizif you all are not tilling | alatarmay eseleif they are not tilling |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mentarsam editarsam edif only I tilled | sentarsaŋ editarsaŋ edif only you tilled | oltarsa editarsaedif only he tilled | biztarsaq editarsaq edif only we tilled | siztarsağız editarsağız edif only you all tilled | alatarsala editarsalaedif only they tilled |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mentarmasam editarmasam edif only I didn't till | sentarmasaŋ editarmasaŋ edif only you didn't till | oltarmasa editarmasaedif only he didn't till | biztarmasaq editarmasaq edif only we didn't till | siztarmasağız editarmasağız edif only you all didn't till | alatarmasala editarmasalaedif only they didn't till |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | mentarıb tursamif I carry on tilling | sentarıb tursaŋif you carry on tilling | oltarıb tursaif he carries on tilling | biztarıb tursaqif we carry on tilling | siztarıb tursağızif you all carry on tilling | alatarıb tursalaif they carry on tilling |
| Durative conditional | mentarıb turmasamif I don't carry on tilling | sentarıb turmasaŋif you don't carry on tilling | oltarıb turmasaif he doesn't carry on tilling | biztarıb turmasaqif we don't carry on tilling | siztarıb turmasağızif you all don't carry on tilling | alatarıb turmasalaif they don't carry on tilling |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | mentarıb tura esemif I have kept tilling | sentarıb tura eseŋif you have kept tilling | oltarıb tura eseif he has kept tilling | biztarıb tura esekif we have kept tilling | siztarıb tura esegizif you all have kept tilling | alatarıb tura eseleif they have kept tilling |
| Durative conditional, present real | mentarıb turmay esemif I haven't kept tilling | sentarıb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept tilling | oltarıb turmay eseif he hasn't kept tilling | biztarıb turmay esekif we haven't kept tilling | siztarıb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept tilling | alatarıb turmay eseleif they haven't kept tilling |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | mentara tursamif I keep tilling | sentara tursaŋif you keep tilling | oltara tursaif he keeps tilling | biztara tursaqif we keep tilling | siztara tursağızif you all keep tilling | alatara tursalaif they keep tilling |
| Progressive conditional | mentarmay tursamif I keep on not tilling | sentarmay tursaŋif you keep on not tilling | oltarmay tursaif he keeps on not tilling | biztarmay tursaqif we keep on not tilling | siztarmay tursağızif you all keep on not tilling | alatarmay tursalaif they keep on not tilling |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | mentara tura esemif I am in the middle of tilling | sentara tura eseŋif you are in the middle of tilling | oltara tura eseif he is in the middle of tilling | biztara tura esekif we are in the middle of tilling | siztara tura esegizif you all are in the middle of tilling | alatara tura eseleif they are in the middle of tilling |
| Progressive conditional, present real | mentarmay tura esemif I keep on not tilling | sentarmay tura eseŋif you keep on not tilling | oltarmay tura eseif he keeps on not tilling | biztarmay tura esekif we keep on not tilling | siztarmay tura esegizif you all keep on not tilling | alatarmay tura eseleif they keep on not tilling |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past3 | mentardım esemif I tilled | sentardıŋ eseŋif you tilled | oltardı eseif he tilled | biztardıq esekif we tilled | siztardığız esegizif you all tilled | alatardıla eseleif they tilled |
| Conditional, definite past3 | mentarmadım esemif I didn't till | sentarmadıŋ eseŋif you didn't till | oltarmadı eseif he didn't till | biztarmadıq esekif we didn't till | siztarmadığız esegizif you all didn't till | alatarmadıla eseleif they didn't till |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | mentarğan esemif I did till (indeed) | sentarğan eseŋif you did till (indeed) | oltarğan eseif he did till (indeed) | biztarğan esekif we did till (indeed) | siztarğan esegizif you all did till (indeed) | alatarğan eseleif they did till (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | mentarmağan esemif I didn't till (indeed) | sentarmağan eseŋif you didn't till (indeed) | oltarmağan eseif he didn't till (indeed) | biztarmağan esekif we didn't till (indeed) | siztarmağan esegizif you all didn't till (indeed) | alatarmağan eseleif they didn't till (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | mentarğan bolsamif I had tilled | sentarğan bolsaŋif you had tilled | oltarğan bolsaif he had tilled | biztarğan bolsaqif we had tilled | siztarğan bolsağızif you all had tilled | alatarğan bolsalaif they had tilled |
| Conditional, counterfactual | mentarmağan bolsamif I hadn't tilled | sentarmağan bolsaŋif you hadn't tilled | oltarmağan bolsaif he hadn't tilled | biztarmağan bolsaqif we hadn't tilled | siztarmağan bolsağızif you all hadn't tilled | alatarmağan bolsalaif they hadn't tilled |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mentarğan bolsam editarğan bolsam edif only I had tilled | sentarğan bolsaŋ editarğan bolsaŋ edif only you had tilled | oltarğan bolsa editarğan bolsaedif only he had tilled | biztarğan bolsaq editarğan bolsaq edif only we had tilled | siztarğan bolsağız editarğan bolsağız edif only you all had tilled | alatarğan bolsala editarğan bolsalaedif only they had tilled |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mentarmağan bolsam editarmağan bolsam edif only I hadn't tilled | sentarmağan bolsaŋ editarmağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't tilled | oltarmağan bolsa editarmağan bolsaedif only he hadn't tilled | biztarmağan bolsaq editarmağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't tilled | siztarmağan bolsağız editarmağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't tilled | alatarmağan bolsala editarmağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't tilled |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | mentarır esemif I will till | sentarır eseŋif you will till | oltarır eseif he will till | biztarır esekif we will till | siztarır esegizif you all will till | alatarır eseleif they will till |
| Conditional, aorist | mentarmaz esemif I won't till | sentarmaz eseŋif you won't till | oltarmaz eseif he won't till | biztarmaz esekif we won't till | siztarmaz esegizif you all won't till | alatarmaz eseleif they won't till |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | mentarlıq esem4tarrıq esemif I am going to till | sentarlıq eseŋ4tarrıq eseŋif you are going to till | oltarlıq ese4tarrıq eseif he is going to till | biztarlıq esek4tarrıq esekif we are going to till | siztarlıq esegiz4tarrıq esegizif you all are going to till | alatarlıq esele4tarrıq eseleif they are going to till |
| Conditional, future | mentarlıq tül esem4tarrıq tül esemif I am not going to till | sentarlıq tül eseŋ4tarrıq tül eseŋif you are not going to till | oltarlıq tül ese4tarrıq tül eseif he is not going to till | biztarlıq tül esek4tarrıq tül esekif we are not going to till | siztarlıq tül esegiz4tarrıq tül esegizif you all are not going to till | alatarlıq tül esele4tarrıq tül eseleif they are not going to till |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mentarlıq bolsam5tarrıq bolsamif I were going to till | sentarlıq bolsaŋ5tarrıq bolsaŋif you were going to till | oltarlıq bolsa5tarrıq bolsaif he were going to till | biztarlıq bolsaq5tarrıq bolsaqif we were going to till | siztarlıq bolsağız5tarrıq bolsağızif you all were going to till | alatarlıq bolsala5tarrıq bolsalaif they were going to till |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mentarmazlıq bolsamif I were not going to till | sentarmazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to till | oltarmazlıq bolsaif he were not going to till | biztarmazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to till | siztarmazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to till | alatarmazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to till |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso tardıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
- Conditional, futurespoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so tarrıq ese
- Conditional, counterfactual futurespoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so tarrıq bolsa
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mentara bolurmaI must be tilling | sentara bolursayou must be tilling | oltara bolurhe must be tilling | biztara bolurbuzwe must be tilling | siztara bolursuzyou all must be tilling | alatara bolurlathey must be tilling |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mentarmay bolurmaI must not be tilling | sentarmay bolursayou must not be tilling | oltarmay bolurhe must not be tilling | biztarmay bolurbuzwe must not be tilling | siztarmay bolursuzyou all must not be tilling | alatarmay bolurlathey must not be tilling |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mentara tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of tilling | sentara tura bolursayou must be in the middle of tilling | oltara tura bolurhe must be in the middle of tilling | biztara tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of tilling | siztara tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of tilling | alatara tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of tilling |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mentarmay tura bolurmaI must keep on not tilling | sentarmay tura bolursayou must keep on not tilling | oltarmay tura bolurhe must keep on not tilling | biztarmay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not tilling | siztarmay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not tilling | alatarmay tura bolurlathey must keep on not tilling |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | mentarğan bolurmaI must have tilled | sentarğan bolursayou must have tilled | oltarğan bolurhe must have tilled | biztarğan bolurbuzwe must have tilled | siztarğan bolursuzyou all must have tilled | alatarğan bolurlathey must have tilled |
| Inference (must have) | mentarmağan bolurmaI must not have tilled | sentarmağan bolursayou must not have tilled | oltarmağan bolurhe must not have tilled | biztarmağan bolurbuzwe must not have tilled | siztarmağan bolursuzyou all must not have tilled | alatarmağan bolurlathey must not have tilled |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mentarlıq bolurma6tarrıq bolurmaI must be going to till | sentarlıq bolursa6tarrıq bolursayou must be going to till | oltarlıq bolur6tarrıq bolurhe must be going to till | biztarlıq bolurbuz6tarrıq bolurbuzwe must be going to till | siztarlıq bolursuz6tarrıq bolursuzyou all must be going to till | alatarlıq bolurla6tarrıq bolurlathey must be going to till |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mentarmazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to till | sentarmazlıq bolursayou must not be going to till | oltarmazlıq bolurhe must not be going to till | biztarmazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to till | siztarmazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to till | alatarmazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to till |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Inference, future (must be going to)spoken: -lıq/-lik → -rıq/-rik after r, so tarrıq bolur
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | mentarayımlet me till | sentar!till! | oltarsınlet him till | biztarayıqlet's till | siztarığız!till, you all! | alatarsınlalet them till |
| Commands & suggestions | mentarmayımlet me not till | sentarma!don't till! | oltarmasınlet him not till | biztarmayıqlet's not till | siztarmağız!don't till, you all! | alatarmasınlalet them not till |
| Commands & suggestions | mentarayımmı?shall I till? | oltarsınmı?should he till? | biztarayıqmı?shall we till? | alatarsınlamı?should they till? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | mentarmayımmı?shall I not till? | oltarmasınmı?should he not till? | biztarmayıqmı?shall we not till? | alatarmasınlamı?should they not till? | ||
| Requests | sentarçı7tarçınplease till | oltarsınçıdo let him till | siztarçığızplease till (plural/polite) | alatarsınlaçıdo let them till | ||
| Requests | sentarmaçı7tarmaçınplease don't till | oltarmasınçıdo let him not till | siztarmaçığızplease don't till (plural/polite) | alatarmasınlaçıdo let them not till | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sentarğıntarğımay you till | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sentarmağıntarmağımay you not till | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mentarğay edim tarğa edimwould that I tilled | sentarğay ediŋ tarğa ediŋwould that you tilled | oltarğay edi tarğa ediwould that he tilled | biztarğay edik tarğa edikwould that we tilled | siztarğay edigiz tarğa edigizwould that you all tilled | alatarğay edile tarğa edilewould that they tilled |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mentarmağay edim tarmağa edimwould that I did not till | sentarmağay ediŋ tarmağa ediŋwould that you did not till | oltarmağay edi tarmağa ediwould that he did not till | biztarmağay edik tarmağa edikwould that we did not till | siztarmağay edigiz tarmağa edigizwould that you all did not till | alatarmağay edile tarmağa edilewould that they did not till |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | mentarmağa qoyayımtarma qoyayımlet me allow someone to till | sentarmağa qoy!tarma qoy!let someone till! | oltarmağa qoysuntarma qoysunlet him allow someone to till | biztarmağa qoyayıqtarma qoyayıqlet's allow someone to till | siztarmağa qoyuğuz!tarma qoyuğuz!let someone till, you all! | alatarmağa qoysunlatarma qoysunlalet them allow someone to till |
| Let someone… (commands) | mentarmağa qoymayımtarma qoymayımlet me not allow someone to till | sentarmağa qoyma!tarma qoyma!don't let someone till! | oltarmağa qoymasıntarma qoymasınlet him not allow someone to till | biztarmağa qoymayıqtarma qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to till | siztarmağa qoymağız!tarma qoymağız!don't let someone till, you all! | alatarmağa qoymasınlatarma qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to till |
| Let someone… (commands) | mentarmağa qoyayımmı?tarma qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to till? | oltarmağa qoysunmu?tarma qoysunmu?should he allow someone to till? | biztarmağa qoyayıqmı?tarma qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to till? | alatarmağa qoysunlamı?tarma qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to till? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | mentarmağa qoymayımmı?tarma qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to till? | oltarmağa qoymasınmı?tarma qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to till? | biztarmağa qoymayıqmı?tarma qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to till? | alatarmağa qoymasınlamı?tarma qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to till? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | mentarmağa qoyamatarma qoyamaI allow someone to till | sentarmağa qoyasatarma qoyasayou allow someone to till | oltarmağa qoyadıtarma qoyadıhe allows someone to till | biztarmağa qoyabıztarma qoyabızwe allow someone to till | siztarmağa qoyasıztarma qoyasızyou all allow someone to till | alatarmağa qoyadılatarma qoyadılathey allow someone to till |
| Let someone… (present) | mentarmağa qoymaymatarma qoymaymaI don't allow someone to till | sentarmağa qoymaysatarma qoymaysayou don't allow someone to till | oltarmağa qoymaydıtarma qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to till | biztarmağa qoymaybıztarma qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to till | siztarmağa qoymaysıztarma qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to till | alatarmağa qoymaydılatarma qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to till |
| Let someone… (present) | mentarmağa qoyamamı?tarma qoyamamı?do I allow someone to till? | sentarmağa qoyamısa?tarma qoyamısa?do you allow someone to till? | oltarmağa qoyamıdı?tarma qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to till? | biztarmağa qoyabızmı?tarma qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to till? | siztarmağa qoyamısız?tarma qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to till? | alatarmağa qoyamıdıla?tarma qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to till? |
| Let someone… (present) | mentarmağa qoymaymamı?tarma qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to till? | sentarmağa qoymaymısa?tarma qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to till? | oltarmağa qoymaymıdı?tarma qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to till? | biztarmağa qoymaybızmı?tarma qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to till? | siztarmağa qoymaymısız?tarma qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to till? | alatarmağa qoymaymıdıla?tarma qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to till? |
| Let someone… (past) | mentarmağa qoydumtarma qoydumI allowed someone to till | sentarmağa qoyduŋtarma qoyduŋyou allowed someone to till | oltarmağa qoydutarma qoyduhe allowed someone to till | biztarmağa qoyduqtarma qoyduqwe allowed someone to till | siztarmağa qoyduğuztarma qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to till | alatarmağa qoydulatarma qoydulathey allowed someone to till |
| Let someone… (past) | mentarmağa qoymadımtarma qoymadımI didn't allow someone to till | sentarmağa qoymadıŋtarma qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to till | oltarmağa qoymadıtarma qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to till | biztarmağa qoymadıqtarma qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to till | siztarmağa qoymadığıztarma qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to till | alatarmağa qoymadılatarma qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to till |
| Let someone… (past) | mentarmağa qoydummu?tarma qoydummu?did I allow someone to till? | sentarmağa qoyduŋmu?tarma qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to till? | oltarmağa qoydumu?tarma qoydumu?did he allow someone to till? | biztarmağa qoyduqmu?tarma qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to till? | siztarmağa qoyduğuzmu?tarma qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to till? | alatarmağa qoydulamı?tarma qoydulamı?did they allow someone to till? |
| Let someone… (past) | mentarmağa qoymadımmı?tarma qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to till? | sentarmağa qoymadıŋmı?tarma qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to till? | oltarmağa qoymadımı?tarma qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to till? | biztarmağa qoymadıqmı?tarma qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to till? | siztarmağa qoymadığızmı?tarma qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to till? | alatarmağa qoymadılamı?tarma qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to till? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
taralırğa be able to till · taralmazğa be unable to till
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | mentaralamaI can till | sentaralasayou can till | oltaraladıhe can till | biztaralabızwe can till | siztaralasızyou all can till | alataraladılathey can till |
| Ability — present | mentaralmaymaI can't till | sentaralmaysayou can't till | oltaralmaydıhe can't till | biztaralmaybızwe can't till | siztaralmaysızyou all can't till | alataralmaydılathey can't till |
| Ability — present | mentaralamamı? taralamıma?can I till? | sentaralamısa?can you till? | oltaralamıdı?can he till? | biztaralabızmı? taralamıbız?can we till? | siztaralamısız?can you all till? | alataralamıdıla?can they till? |
| Ability — present | mentaralmaymamı? taralmaymıma?can't I till? | sentaralmaymısa?can't you till? | oltaralmaymıdı?can't he till? | biztaralmaybızmı? taralmaymıbız?can't we till? | siztaralmaymısız?can't you all till? | alataralmaymıdıla?can't they till? |
| Ability — if I can… | mentaralsamif I can till | sentaralsaŋif you can till | oltaralsaif he can till | biztaralsaqif we can till | siztaralsağızif you all can till | alataralsalaif they can till |
| Ability — if I can… | mentaralmasamif I can't till | sentaralmasaŋif you can't till | oltaralmasaif he can't till | biztaralmasaqif we can't till | siztaralmasağızif you all can't till | alataralmasalaif they can't till |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | mentaraldımI was able to till | sentaraldıŋyou were able to till | oltaraldıhe was able to till | biztaraldıqwe were able to till | siztaraldığızyou all were able to till | alataraldılathey were able to till |
| Ability — simple past | mentaralmadımI could not till | sentaralmadıŋyou could not till | oltaralmadıhe could not till | biztaralmadıqwe could not till | siztaralmadığızyou all could not till | alataralmadılathey could not till |
| Ability — simple past | mentaraldımmı?was I able to till? | sentaraldıŋmı?were you able to till? | oltaraldımı?was he able to till? | biztaraldıqmı?were we able to till? | siztaraldığızmı?were you all able to till? | alataraldılamı?were they able to till? |
| Ability — simple past | mentaralmadımmı?couldn't I till? | sentaralmadıŋmı?couldn't you till? | oltaralmadımı?couldn't he till? | biztaralmadıqmı?couldn't we till? | siztaralmadığızmı?couldn't you all till? | alataralmadılamı?couldn't they till? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentaralğanmaI have been able to till | sentaralğansayou have been able to till | oltaralğandıhe has been able to till | biztaralğanbızwe have been able to till | siztaralğansızyou all have been able to till | alataralğandılathey have been able to till |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentaralmağanmaI haven't been able to till | sentaralmağansayou haven't been able to till | oltaralmağandıhe hasn't been able to till | biztaralmağanbızwe haven't been able to till | siztaralmağansızyou all haven't been able to till | alataralmağandılathey haven't been able to till |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentaralğanmamı? taralğanmıma?have I been able to till? | sentaralğanmısa?have you been able to till? | oltaralğanmıdı?has he been able to till? | biztaralğanbızmı? taralğanmıbız?have we been able to till? | siztaralğanmısız?have you all been able to till? | alataralğanmıdıla?have they been able to till? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentaralmağanmamı? taralmağanmıma?haven't I been able to till? | sentaralmağanmısa?haven't you been able to till? | oltaralmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to till? | biztaralmağanbızmı? taralmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to till? | siztaralmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to till? | alataralmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to till? |
| Ability — past perfect | mentaralğan edimtaralğanemI had been able to till | sentaralğan ediŋtaralğaneŋyou had been able to till | oltaralğan editaralğanedhe had been able to till | biztaralğan ediktaralğanekwe had been able to till | siztaralğan edigiztaralğanegizyou all had been able to till | alataralğan ediletaralğanellethey had been able to till |
| Ability — past perfect | mentaralmağan edimtaralmağanemI hadn't been able to till | sentaralmağan ediŋtaralmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to till | oltaralmağan editaralmağanedhe hadn't been able to till | biztaralmağan ediktaralmağanekwe hadn't been able to till | siztaralmağan edigiztaralmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to till | alataralmağan ediletaralmağanellethey hadn't been able to till |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | mentarala edimtaralaemI could till | sentarala ediŋtaralaeŋyou could till | oltarala editaralaedhe could till | biztarala ediktaralaekwe could till | siztarala edigiztaralaegizyou all could till | alatarala ediletaralaellethey could till |
| Ability — past background | mentaralmay edimtaralmayemI could not till | sentaralmay ediŋtaralmayeŋyou could not till | oltaralmay editaralmayedhe could not till | biztaralmay ediktaralmayekwe could not till | siztaralmay edigiztaralmayegizyou all could not till | alataralmay ediletaralmayellethey could not till |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | mentaralırmaI will be able to till | sentaralırsayou will be able to till | oltaralırhe will be able to till | biztaralırbızwe will be able to till | siztaralırsızyou all will be able to till | alataralırlathey will be able to till |
| Ability — future I | mentaralmazmaI won't be able to till | sentaralmazsayou won't be able to till | oltaralmazhe won't be able to till | biztaralmazbızwe won't be able to till | siztaralmazsızyou all won't be able to till | alataralmazlathey won't be able to till |
| Ability — future I | mentaralırmamı? taralırmıma?will I be able to till? | sentaralırmısa?will you be able to till? | oltaralırmı?will he be able to till? | biztaralırbızmı? taralırmıbız?will we be able to till? | siztaralırmısız?will you all be able to till? | alataralırlamı? taralırmıla?will they be able to till? |
| Ability — future I | mentaralmazmamı? taralmazmıma?won't I be able to till? | sentaralmazmısa?won't you be able to till? | oltaralmazmı?won't he be able to till? | biztaralmazbızmı? taralmazmıbız?won't we be able to till? | siztaralmazmısız?won't you all be able to till? | alataralmazlamı? taralmazmıla?won't they be able to till? |
| Ability — future II | mentarallıqmaI am going to be able to till | sentarallıqsayou are going to be able to till | oltarallıqdıhe is going to be able to till | biztarallıqbızwe are going to be able to till | siztarallıqsızyou all are going to be able to till | alatarallıqdılathey are going to be able to till |
| Ability — future II | mentarallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to till | sentarallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to till | oltarallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to till | biztarallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to till | siztarallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to till | alatarallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to till |
| Ability — future II | mentarallıqmamı? tarallıqmıma?am I going to be able to till? | sentarallıqmısa?are you going to be able to till? | oltarallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to till? | biztarallıqbızmı? tarallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to till? | siztarallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to till? | alatarallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to till? |
| Ability — future II | mentarallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to till? | sentarallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to till? | oltarallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to till? | biztarallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to till? | siztarallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to till? | alatarallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to till? |
| Ability — would be able to… | mentaralır edimtaralır emI would be able to till | sentaralır ediŋtaralır eŋyou would be able to till | oltaralır editaralır edhe would be able to till | biztaralır ediktaralır ekwe would be able to till | siztaralır edigiztaralır egizyou all would be able to till | alataralır ediletaralır ellethey would be able to till |
| Ability — would be able to… | mentaralmaz edimtaralmaz emI wouldn't be able to till | sentaralmaz ediŋtaralmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to till | oltaralmaz editaralmaz edhe wouldn't be able to till | biztaralmaz ediktaralmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to till | siztaralmaz edigiztaralmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to till | alataralmaz ediletaralmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to till |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sentaralğıntaralğımay you be able to till | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sentaralmağıntaralmağımay you not be able to till | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | mentarırğa izleymeI want to till | sentarırğa izleyseyou want to till | oltarırğa izleydihe wants to till | biztarırğa izleybizwe want to till | siztarırğa izleysizyou all want to till | alatarırğa izleydilethey want to till |
| want to | mentarırğa izlemeymeI do not want to till | sentarırğa izlemeyseyou do not want to till | oltarırğa izlemeydihe does not want to till | biztarırğa izlemeybizwe do not want to till | siztarırğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to till | alatarırğa izlemeydilethey do not want to till |
| would like to | mentarırğa süemeI would like to till | sentarırğa süeseyou would like to till | oltarırğa süedihe would like to till | biztarırğa süebizwe would like to till | siztarırğa süesizyou all would like to till | alatarırğa süedilethey would like to till |
| would like to | mentarırğa süymeymeI would not like to till | sentarırğa süymeyseyou would not like to till | oltarırğa süymeydihe would not like to till | biztarırğa süymeybizwe would not like to till | siztarırğa süymeysizyou all would not like to till | alatarırğa süymeydilethey would not like to till |
| hope to | mentarırğa umutlanamaI hope to till | sentarırğa umutlanasayou hope to till | oltarırğa umutlanadıhe hopes to till | biztarırğa umutlanabızwe hope to till | siztarırğa umutlanasızyou all hope to till | alatarırğa umutlanadılathey hope to till |
| hope to | mentarırğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to till | sentarırğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to till | oltarırğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to till | biztarırğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to till | siztarırğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to till | alatarırğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to till |
| be about to | mentarırğa deb turamaI am about to till | sentarırğa deb turasayou are about to till | oltarırğa deb turadıhe is about to till | biztarırğa deb turabızwe are about to till | siztarırğa deb turasızyou all are about to till | alatarırğa deb turadılathey are about to till |
| be about to | mentarırğa deb turmaymaI am not about to till | sentarırğa deb turmaysayou are not about to till | oltarırğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to till | biztarırğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to till | siztarırğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to till | alatarırğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to till |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | mentarırğa kerekmeI need to till | sentarırğa kerekseyou need to till | oltarırğa kerekdihe needs to till | biztarırğa kerekbizwe need to till | siztarırğa kereksizyou all need to till | alatarırğa kerekdilethey need to till |
| need to | mentarırğa kerek tülmeI do not need to till | sentarırğa kerek tülseyou do not need to till | oltarırğa kerek tüldühe does not need to till | biztarırğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to till | siztarırğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to till | alatarırğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to till |
| have to | menmenŋe tarırğa tüşediI have to till | sensenŋe tarırğa tüşediyou have to till | olaŋa tarırğa tüşedihe has to till | bizbizge tarırğa tüşediwe have to till | sizsizge tarırğa tüşediyou all have to till | alaalağa tarırğa tüşedithey have to till |
| have to | menmenŋe tarırğa tüşmeydiI do not have to till | sensenŋe tarırğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to till | olaŋa tarırğa tüşmeydihe does not have to till | bizbizge tarırğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to till | sizsizge tarırğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to till | alaalağa tarırğa tüşmeydithey do not have to till |
| be obliged to | mentarırğa borçlumaI am obliged to till | sentarırğa borçlusayou are obliged to till | oltarırğa borçluduhe is obliged to till | biztarırğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to till | siztarırğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to till | alatarırğa borçludulathey are obliged to till |
| be obliged to | mentarırğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to till | sentarırğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to till | oltarırğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to till | biztarırğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to till | siztarırğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to till | alatarırğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to till |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | mentarırğa madarım bardıI have a way to till | sentarırğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to till | oltarırğa madarı bardıhe has a way to till | biztarırğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to till | siztarırğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to till | alatarırğa madarları bardıthey have a way to till |
| have a way to | mentarırğa madarım joqduI have no way to till | sentarırğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to till | oltarırğa madarı joqduhe has no way to till | biztarırğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to till | siztarırğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to till | alatarırğa madarları joqduthey have no way to till |
| be free to | mentarırğa erkinligim bardıI am free to till | sentarırğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to till | oltarırğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to till | biztarırğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to till | siztarırğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to till | alatarırğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to till |
| be free to | mentarırğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to till | sentarırğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to till | oltarırğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to till | biztarırğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to till | siztarırğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to till | alatarırğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to till |
| be possible to | menmenŋe tarırğa bolluqduit is possible for me to till | sensenŋe tarırğa bolluqduit is possible for you to till | olaŋa tarırğa bolluqduit is possible for him to till | bizbizge tarırğa bolluqduit is possible for us to till | sizsizge tarırğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to till | alaalağa tarırğa bolluqduit is possible for them to till |
| be possible to | menmenŋe tarırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to till | sensenŋe tarırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to till | olaŋa tarırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to till | bizbizge tarırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to till | sizsizge tarırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to till | alaalağa tarırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to till |
| be ready to | mentarırğa hazırmaI am ready to till | sentarırğa hazırsayou are ready to till | oltarırğa hazırdıhe is ready to till | biztarırğa hazırbızwe are ready to till | siztarırğa hazırsızyou all are ready to till | alatarırğa hazırdılathey are ready to till |
| be ready to | mentarırğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to till | sentarırğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to till | oltarırğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to till | biztarırğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to till | siztarırğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to till | alatarırğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to till |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | mentarırğa küreşemeI am trying to till | sentarırğa küreşeseyou are trying to till | oltarırğa küreşedihe is trying to till | biztarırğa küreşebizwe are trying to till | siztarırğa küreşesizyou all are trying to till | alatarırğa küreşedilethey are trying to till |
| try to | mentarırğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to till | sentarırğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to till | oltarırğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to till | biztarırğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to till | siztarırğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to till | alatarırğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to till |
| agree to | mentarırğa unaymaI agree to till | sentarırğa unaysayou agree to till | oltarırğa unaydıhe agrees to till | biztarırğa unaybızwe agree to till | siztarırğa unaysızyou all agree to till | alatarırğa unaydılathey agree to till |
| agree to | mentarırğa unamaymaI refuse to till | sentarırğa unamaysayou refuse to till | oltarırğa unamaydıhe refuses to till | biztarırğa unamaybızwe refuse to till | siztarırğa unamaysızyou all refuse to till | alatarırğa unamaydılathey refuse to till |
| hurry to | mentarırğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to till | sentarırğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to till | oltarırğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to till | biztarırğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to till | siztarırğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to till | alatarırğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to till |
| hurry to | mentarırğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to till | sentarırğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to till | oltarırğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to till | biztarırğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to till | siztarırğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to till | alatarırğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to till |
| be afraid to | mentarırğa qorqamaI am afraid to till | sentarırğa qorqasayou are afraid to till | oltarırğa qorqadıhe is afraid to till | biztarırğa qorqabızwe are afraid to till | siztarırğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to till | alatarırğa qorqadılathey are afraid to till |
| be afraid to | mentarırğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to till | sentarırğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to till | oltarırğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to till | biztarırğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to till | siztarırğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to till | alatarırğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to till |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | mentara bolmazmaI can't be tilling | sentara bolmazsayou can't be tilling | oltara bolmazhe can't be tilling | biztara bolmazbızwe can't be tilling | siztara bolmazsızyou all can't be tilling | alatara bolmazlathey can't be tilling |
| Inference, present — double negation | mentarmay bolmazmaI must be tilling (emphatic) | sentarmay bolmazsayou must be tilling (emphatic) | oltarmay bolmazhe must be tilling (emphatic) | biztarmay bolmazbızwe must be tilling (emphatic) | siztarmay bolmazsızyou all must be tilling (emphatic) | alatarmay bolmazlathey must be tilling (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | mentara turmasamif I don't keep tilling | sentara turmasaŋif you don't keep tilling | oltara turmasaif he doesn't keep tilling | biztara turmasaqif we don't keep tilling | siztara turmasağızif you all don't keep tilling | alatara turmasalaif they don't keep tilling |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | mentara tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of tilling | sentara tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of tilling | oltara tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of tilling | biztara tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of tilling | siztara tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of tilling | alatara tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of tilling |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | mentarmay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not tilling (emphatic) | sentarmay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not tilling (emphatic) | oltarmay tura bolmazhe must keep on not tilling (emphatic) | biztarmay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not tilling (emphatic) | siztarmay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not tilling (emphatic) | alatarmay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not tilling (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | mentarmay turamaI keep on not tilling | sentarmay turasayou keep on not tilling | oltarmay turadıhe keeps on not tilling | biztarmay turabızwe keep on not tilling | siztarmay turasızyou all keep on not tilling | alatarmay turadılathey keep on not tilling |
| Progressive — double negation | mentarmay turmaymaI am not keeping on not tilling | sentarmay turmaysayou are not keeping on not tilling | oltarmay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not tilling | biztarmay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not tilling | siztarmay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not tilling | alatarmay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not tilling |
| Progressive — double negation | mentarmay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not tilling? | sentarmay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not tilling? | oltarmay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not tilling? | biztarmay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not tilling? | siztarmay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not tilling? | alatarmay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not tilling? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | mentarğan bolmazmaI can't have tilled | sentarğan bolmazsayou can't have tilled | oltarğan bolmazhe can't have tilled | biztarğan bolmazbızwe can't have tilled | siztarğan bolmazsızyou all can't have tilled | alatarğan bolmazlathey can't have tilled |
| Inference — double negation | mentarmağan bolmazmaI must have tilled (emphatic) | sentarmağan bolmazsayou must have tilled (emphatic) | oltarmağan bolmazhe must have tilled (emphatic) | biztarmağan bolmazbızwe must have tilled (emphatic) | siztarmağan bolmazsızyou all must have tilled (emphatic) | alatarmağan bolmazlathey must have tilled (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | mentarğan bolmasamif it weren't that I had tilled | sentarğan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had tilled | oltarğan bolmasaif it weren't that he had tilled | biztarğan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had tilled | siztarğan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had tilled | alatarğan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had tilled |
| Counterfactual — double negation | mentarmağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't tilled | sentarmağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't tilled | oltarmağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't tilled | biztarmağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't tilled | siztarmağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't tilled | alatarmağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't tilled |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | mentarlıq bolmazmaI can't be going to till | sentarlıq bolmazsayou can't be going to till | oltarlıq bolmazhe can't be going to till | biztarlıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to till | siztarlıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to till | alatarlıq bolmazlathey can't be going to till |
| Inference, future — double negation | mentarmazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to till (emphatic) | sentarmazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to till (emphatic) | oltarmazlıq bolmazhe must be going to till (emphatic) | biztarmazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to till (emphatic) | siztarmazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to till (emphatic) | alatarmazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to till (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | mentarlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to till | sentarlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to till | oltarlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to till | biztarlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to till | siztarlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to till | alatarlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to till |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | mentarmazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to till | sentarmazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to till | oltarmazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to till | biztarmazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to till | siztarmazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to till | alatarmazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to till |