taphır
/tapxɯr/
Definitions
1. a terrace, a level ledge on a mountain slope
- taphırğa çığarğa — to climb onto the ledge
- qallay ariw taphırla — what fine terraces
- tawla taphırlıdıla — the mountains are terraced
2. a kindred, a family line
- anı taphırı — his kindred
- taphırıbız tawdan keledi — our family line comes from the mountains
- eki taphır — two kindreds
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or .Cases
| Singular | Plural | When to use it | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | taphırthe terrace | taphırlathe terraces | the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence |
| genitive | taphırnıthe terrace's | taphırlanıthe terraces' | the owner — whose it is |
| accusative | taphırnıthe terrace (as the object) | taphırlanıthe terraces (as the object) | a specific, known object — whom or what |
| dative | taphırğato the terrace | taphırlağato the terraces | direction or recipient — to where, to whom |
| locative | taphırdaat / in the terrace | taphırladaat / in the terraces | where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it" |
| ablative | taphırdanfrom the terrace | taphırladanfrom the terraces | where it comes from; also "than" when comparing |
When to use each case
- nominative
- the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence
- genitive
- the owner — whose it is
- accusative
- a specific, known object — whom or what
- dative
- direction or recipient — to where, to whom
- locative
- where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it"
- ablative
- where it comes from; also "than" when comparing
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.
With an owner
| One owned | Several owned | |
|---|---|---|
| my | taphırımmy terrace | taphırlarımmy terraces |
| your | taphırıngyour terrace | taphırlarıngyour terraces |
| his / her | taphırıhis / her terrace | taphırlarıhis / her terraces |
| our | taphırıbızour terrace | taphırlarıbızour terraces |
| you all's | taphırığızyou all's terrace | taphırlarığızyou all's terraces |
| their | taphırlarıtheir terrace | taphırlarıtheir terraces |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: taphırları can mean "his / her terraces", "their terrace", or "their terraces" — context decides.