tamğalarğa
/tamʁalarʁa/
brand, mark with a brand — Used of livestock and also of marking trees: eger eki ullu çınar terekni tamğalab ketgendi "the ranger marked two big plane trees".
- tuwarnı tamğalaybız — we are branding the cattle
- atlanı tamğaladıla — they branded the horses
Conjugation
Common forms
- tamğalaydıhe is branding
- tamğaladıhe branded
- tamğalağandıhe has branded
- tamğalarhe will brand
- tamğalarıqdıhe is going to brand
- tamğalay edihe was branding
- tamğalasaif he brands
- tamğala!brand!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentamğalaymaI am branding | sentamğalaysayou are branding | oltamğalaydıhe is branding | biztamğalaybızwe are branding | siztamğalaysızyou all are branding | alatamğalaydılathey are branding |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentamğalamaymaI am not branding | sentamğalamaysayou are not branding | oltamğalamaydıhe is not branding | biztamğalamaybızwe are not branding | siztamğalamaysızyou all are not branding | alatamğalamaydılathey are not branding |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentamğalaymamı? tamğalaymıma?am I branding? | sentamğalaymısa?are you branding? | oltamğalaymıdı?is he branding? | biztamğalaybızmı? tamğalaymıbız?are we branding? | siztamğalaymısız?are you all branding? | alatamğalaymıdıla?are they branding? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mentamğalamaymamı? tamğalamaymıma?aren't I branding? | sentamğalamaymısa?aren't you branding? | oltamğalamaymıdı?isn't he branding? | biztamğalamaybızmı? tamğalamaymıbız?aren't we branding? | siztamğalamaymısız?aren't you all branding? | alatamğalamaymıdıla?aren't they branding? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentamğalawçanmaI usually brand | sentamğalawçansayou usually brand | oltamğalawçandıhe usually brands | biztamğalawçanbızwe usually brand | siztamğalawçansızyou all usually brand | alatamğalawçandılathey usually brand |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentamğalamawçanmaI usually don't brand | sentamğalamawçansayou usually don't brand | oltamğalamawçandıhe usually doesn't brand | biztamğalamawçanbızwe usually don't brand | siztamğalamawçansızyou all usually don't brand | alatamğalamawçandılathey usually don't brand |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentamğalawçanmamı? tamğalawçanmıma?do I usually brand? | sentamğalawçanmısa?do you usually brand? | oltamğalawçanmıdı?does he usually brand? | biztamğalawçanbızmı? tamğalawçanmıbız?do we usually brand? | siztamğalawçanmısız?do you all usually brand? | alatamğalawçanmıdıla?do they usually brand? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mentamğalamawçanmamı? tamğalamawçanmıma?do I usually not brand? | sentamğalamawçanmısa?do you usually not brand? | oltamğalamawçanmıdı?does he usually not brand? | biztamğalamawçanbızmı? tamğalamawçanmıbız?do we usually not brand? | siztamğalamawçanmısız?do you all usually not brand? | alatamğalamawçanmıdıla?do they usually not brand? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oltamğalabdıhe has branded and remains so | alatamğalabdılathey have branded and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oltamğalabmıdı?has he branded? | alatamğalabmıdıla?have they branded? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentamğalab turamaI keep branding | sentamğalab turasayou keep branding | oltamğalab turadıhe keeps branding | biztamğalab turabızwe keep branding | siztamğalab turasızyou all keep branding | alatamğalab turadılathey keep branding |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentamğalab turmaymaI don't keep branding | sentamğalab turmaysayou don't keep branding | oltamğalab turmaydıhe doesn't keep branding | biztamğalab turmaybızwe don't keep branding | siztamğalab turmaysızyou all don't keep branding | alatamğalab turmaydılathey don't keep branding |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentamğalab turamamı? tamğalab turamıma?do I keep branding? | sentamğalab turamısa?do you keep branding? | oltamğalab turamıdı?does he keep branding? | biztamğalab turabızmı? tamğalab turamıbız?do we keep branding? | siztamğalab turamısız?do you all keep branding? | alatamğalab turamıdıla?do they keep branding? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mentamğalab turmaymamı? tamğalab turmaymıma?don't I keep branding? | sentamğalab turmaymısa?don't you keep branding? | oltamğalab turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep branding? | biztamğalab turmaybızmı? tamğalab turmaymıbız?don't we keep branding? | siztamğalab turmaymısız?don't you all keep branding? | alatamğalab turmaymıdıla?don't they keep branding? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentamğalay turamaI am in the middle of branding | sentamğalay turasayou are in the middle of branding | oltamğalay turadıhe is in the middle of branding | biztamğalay turabızwe are in the middle of branding | siztamğalay turasızyou all are in the middle of branding | alatamğalay turadılathey are in the middle of branding |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentamğalay turmaymaI am not in the middle of branding | sentamğalay turmaysayou are not in the middle of branding | oltamğalay turmaydıhe is not in the middle of branding | biztamğalay turmaybızwe are not in the middle of branding | siztamğalay turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of branding | alatamğalay turmaydılathey are not in the middle of branding |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentamğalay turamamı? tamğalay turamıma?am I in the middle of branding? | sentamğalay turamısa?are you in the middle of branding? | oltamğalay turamıdı?is he in the middle of branding? | biztamğalay turabızmı? tamğalay turamıbız?are we in the middle of branding? | siztamğalay turamısız?are you all in the middle of branding? | alatamğalay turamıdıla?are they in the middle of branding? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mentamğalay turmaymamı? tamğalay turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of branding? | sentamğalay turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of branding? | oltamğalay turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of branding? | biztamğalay turmaybızmı? tamğalay turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of branding? | siztamğalay turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of branding? | alatamğalay turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of branding? |
| Simple past (definite) | mentamğaladımI branded | sentamğaladıŋyou branded | oltamğaladıhe branded | biztamğaladıqwe branded | siztamğaladığızyou all branded | alatamğaladılathey branded |
| Simple past (definite) | mentamğalamadımI didn't brand | sentamğalamadıŋyou didn't brand | oltamğalamadıhe didn't brand | biztamğalamadıqwe didn't brand | siztamğalamadığızyou all didn't brand | alatamğalamadılathey didn't brand |
| Simple past (definite) | mentamğaladımmı?did I brand? | sentamğaladıŋmı?did you brand? | oltamğaladımı?did he brand? | biztamğaladıqmı?did we brand? | siztamğaladığızmı?did you all brand? | alatamğaladılamı?did they brand? |
| Simple past (definite) | mentamğalamadımmı?didn't I brand? | sentamğalamadıŋmı?didn't you brand? | oltamğalamadımı?didn't he brand? | biztamğalamadıqmı?didn't we brand? | siztamğalamadığızmı?didn't you all brand? | alatamğalamadılamı?didn't they brand? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentamğalağanmaI have branded | sentamğalağansayou have branded | oltamğalağandıhe has branded | biztamğalağanbızwe have branded | siztamğalağansızyou all have branded | alatamğalağandılathey have branded |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentamğalamağanmaI haven't branded | sentamğalamağansayou haven't branded | oltamğalamağandıhe hasn't branded | biztamğalamağanbızwe haven't branded | siztamğalamağansızyou all haven't branded | alatamğalamağandılathey haven't branded |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentamğalağanmamı? tamğalağanmıma?have I branded? | sentamğalağanmısa?have you branded? | oltamğalağanmıdı?has he branded? | biztamğalağanbızmı? tamğalağanmıbız?have we branded? | siztamğalağanmısız?have you all branded? | alatamğalağanmıdıla?have they branded? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mentamğalamağanmamı? tamğalamağanmıma?haven't I branded? | sentamğalamağanmısa?haven't you branded? | oltamğalamağanmıdı?hasn't he branded? | biztamğalamağanbızmı? tamğalamağanmıbız?haven't we branded? | siztamğalamağanmısız?haven't you all branded? | alatamğalamağanmıdıla?haven't they branded? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mentamğalab turdumI kept branding | sentamğalab turduŋyou kept branding | oltamğalab turduhe kept branding | biztamğalab turduqwe kept branding | siztamğalab turduğuzyou all kept branding | alatamğalab turdulathey kept branding |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mentamğalab turmadımI didn't keep branding | sentamğalab turmadıŋyou didn't keep branding | oltamğalab turmadıhe didn't keep branding | biztamğalab turmadıqwe didn't keep branding | siztamğalab turmadığızyou all didn't keep branding | alatamğalab turmadılathey didn't keep branding |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentamğalarmaI will brand | sentamğalarsayou will brand | oltamğalarhe will brand | biztamğalarbızwe will brand | siztamğalarsızyou all will brand | alatamğalarlathey will brand |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentamğalamazmaI won't brand | sentamğalamazsayou won't brand | oltamğalamazhe won't brand | biztamğalamazbızwe won't brand | siztamğalamazsızyou all won't brand | alatamğalamazlathey won't brand |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentamğalarmamı? tamğalarmıma?will I brand? | sentamğalarmısa?will you brand? | oltamğalarmı?will he brand? | biztamğalarbızmı? tamğalarmıbız?will we brand? | siztamğalarmısız?will you all brand? | alatamğalarlamı? tamğalarmıla?will they brand? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mentamğalamazmamı? tamğalamazmıma?won't I brand? | sentamğalamazmısa?won't you brand? | oltamğalamazmı?won't he brand? | biztamğalamazbızmı? tamğalamazmıbız?won't we brand? | siztamğalamazmısız?won't you all brand? | alatamğalamazlamı? tamğalamazmıla?won't they brand? |
| Definite future (future II) | mentamğalarıqmaI am going to brand | sentamğalarıqsayou are going to brand | oltamğalarıqdıhe is going to brand | biztamğalarıqbızwe are going to brand | siztamğalarıqsızyou all are going to brand | alatamğalarıqdılathey are going to brand |
| Definite future (future II) | mentamğalarıq tülmeI am not going to brand | sentamğalarıq tülseyou are not going to brand | oltamğalarıq tüldühe is not going to brand | biztamğalarıq tülbüzwe are not going to brand | siztamğalarıq tülsüzyou all are not going to brand | alatamğalarıq tüldülethey are not going to brand |
| Definite future (future II) | mentamğalarıqmamı? tamğalarıqmıma?am I going to brand? | sentamğalarıqmısa?are you going to brand? | oltamğalarıqmıdı?is he going to brand? | biztamğalarıqbızmı? tamğalarıqmıbız?are we going to brand? | siztamğalarıqmısız?are you all going to brand? | alatamğalarıqmıdıla?are they going to brand? |
| Definite future (future II) | mentamğalarıq tülmüme?aren't I going to brand? | sentamğalarıq tülmüse?aren't you going to brand? | oltamğalarıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to brand? | biztamğalarıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to brand? | siztamğalarıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to brand? | alatamğalarıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to brand? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mentamğalağan edimtamğalağanemI had branded | sentamğalağan ediŋtamğalağaneŋyou had branded | oltamğalağan editamğalağanedhe had branded | biztamğalağan ediktamğalağanekwe had branded | siztamğalağan edigiztamğalağanegizyou all had branded | alatamğalağan ediletamğalağanellethey had branded |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mentamğalamağan edimtamğalamağanemI hadn't branded | sentamğalamağan ediŋtamğalamağaneŋyou hadn't branded | oltamğalamağan editamğalamağanedhe hadn't branded | biztamğalamağan ediktamğalamağanekwe hadn't branded | siztamğalamağan edigiztamğalamağanegizyou all hadn't branded | alatamğalamağan ediletamğalamağanellethey hadn't branded |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mentamğalay edimtamğalayemI was branding | sentamğalay ediŋtamğalayeŋyou were branding | oltamğalay editamğalayedhe was branding | biztamğalay ediktamğalayekwe were branding | siztamğalay edigiztamğalayegizyou all were branding | alatamğalay ediletamğalayellethey were branding |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mentamğalamay edimtamğalamayemI wasn't branding | sentamğalamay ediŋtamğalamayeŋyou weren't branding | oltamğalamay editamğalamayedhe wasn't branding | biztamğalamay ediktamğalamayekwe weren't branding | siztamğalamay edigiztamğalamayegizyou all weren't branding | alatamğalamay ediletamğalamayellethey weren't branding |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | mentamğalawçan edimtamğalawçanemI used to brand | sentamğalawçan ediŋtamğalawçaneŋyou used to brand | oltamğalawçan editamğalawçanedhe used to brand | biztamğalawçan ediktamğalawçanekwe used to brand | siztamğalawçan edigiztamğalawçanegizyou all used to brand | alatamğalawçan ediletamğalawçanellethey used to brand |
| Habitual past (used to) | mentamğalamawçan edimtamğalamawçanemI didn't use to brand | sentamğalamawçan ediŋtamğalamawçaneŋyou didn't use to brand | oltamğalamawçan editamğalamawçanedhe didn't use to brand | biztamğalamawçan ediktamğalamawçanekwe didn't use to brand | siztamğalamawçan edigiztamğalamawçanegizyou all didn't use to brand | alatamğalamawçan ediletamğalamawçanellethey didn't use to brand |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oltamğalab edihe had branded and remained so | alatamğalab edilethey had branded and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oltamğalab tül edihe hadn't branded | alatamğalab tül edilethey hadn't branded | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mentamğalab tura edimtamğalab turaemI had kept branding | sentamğalab tura ediŋtamğalab turaeŋyou had kept branding | oltamğalab tura editamğalab turaedhe had kept branding | biztamğalab tura ediktamğalab turaekwe had kept branding | siztamğalab tura edigiztamğalab turaegizyou all had kept branding | alatamğalab tura ediletamğalab turaellethey had kept branding |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mentamğalab turmay edimtamğalab turmayemI hadn't kept branding | sentamğalab turmay ediŋtamğalab turmayeŋyou hadn't kept branding | oltamğalab turmay editamğalab turmayedhe hadn't kept branding | biztamğalab turmay ediktamğalab turmayekwe hadn't kept branding | siztamğalab turmay edigiztamğalab turmayegizyou all hadn't kept branding | alatamğalab turmay ediletamğalab turmayellethey hadn't kept branding |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mentamğalay tura edimtamğalay turaemI was in the middle of branding | sentamğalay tura ediŋtamğalay turaeŋyou were in the middle of branding | oltamğalay tura editamğalay turaedhe was in the middle of branding | biztamğalay tura ediktamğalay turaekwe were in the middle of branding | siztamğalay tura edigiztamğalay turaegizyou all were in the middle of branding | alatamğalay tura ediletamğalay turaellethey were in the middle of branding |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mentamğalay turmay edimtamğalay turmayemI wasn't in the middle of branding | sentamğalay turmay ediŋtamğalay turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of branding | oltamğalay turmay editamğalay turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of branding | biztamğalay turmay ediktamğalay turmayekwe weren't in the middle of branding | siztamğalay turmay edigiztamğalay turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of branding | alatamğalay turmay ediletamğalay turmayellethey weren't in the middle of branding |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | mentamğalar edimtamğalar emI would brand | sentamğalar ediŋtamğalar eŋyou would brand | oltamğalar editamğalar edhe would brand | biztamğalar ediktamğalar ekwe would brand | siztamğalar edigiztamğalar egizyou all would brand | alatamğalar ediletamğalar ellethey would brand |
| Conditional result (would) | mentamğalamaz edimtamğalamaz emI wouldn't brand | sentamğalamaz ediŋtamğalamaz eŋyou wouldn't brand | oltamğalamaz editamğalamaz edhe wouldn't brand | biztamğalamaz ediktamğalamaz ekwe wouldn't brand | siztamğalamaz edigiztamğalamaz egizyou all wouldn't brand | alatamğalamaz ediletamğalamaz ellethey wouldn't brand |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | mentamğalarıq edimtamğalarıq emI would have branded | sentamğalarıq ediŋtamğalarıq eŋyou would have branded | oltamğalarıq editamğalarıq edhe would have branded | biztamğalarıq ediktamğalarıq ekwe would have branded | siztamğalarıq edigiztamğalarıq egizyou all would have branded | alatamğalarıq ediletamğalarıq ellethey would have branded |
| Past conditional result (would have) | mentamğalarıq tül edimtamğalarıq tül emI wouldn't have branded | sentamğalarıq tül ediŋtamğalarıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have branded | oltamğalarıq tül editamğalarıq tül edhe wouldn't have branded | biztamğalarıq tül ediktamğalarıq tül ekwe wouldn't have branded | siztamğalarıq tül edigiztamğalarıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have branded | alatamğalarıq tül ediletamğalarıq tül ellethey wouldn't have branded |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | mentamğalasamif I brand | sentamğalasaŋif you brand | oltamğalasaif he brands | biztamğalasaqif we brand | siztamğalasağızif you all brand | alatamğalasalaif they brand |
| Conditional | mentamğalamasamif I don't brand | sentamğalamasaŋif you don't brand | oltamğalamasaif he doesn't brand | biztamğalamasaqif we don't brand | siztamğalamasağızif you all don't brand | alatamğalamasalaif they don't brand |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | mentamğalay esemif I am branding | sentamğalay eseŋif you are branding | oltamğalay eseif he is branding | biztamğalay esekif we are branding | siztamğalay esegizif you all are branding | alatamğalay eseleif they are branding |
| Conditional, present real | mentamğalamay esemif I am not branding | sentamğalamay eseŋif you are not branding | oltamğalamay eseif he is not branding | biztamğalamay esekif we are not branding | siztamğalamay esegizif you all are not branding | alatamğalamay eseleif they are not branding |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mentamğalasam editamğalasam edif only I branded | sentamğalasaŋ editamğalasaŋ edif only you branded | oltamğalasa editamğalasaedif only he branded | biztamğalasaq editamğalasaq edif only we branded | siztamğalasağız editamğalasağız edif only you all branded | alatamğalasala editamğalasalaedif only they branded |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mentamğalamasam editamğalamasam edif only I didn't brand | sentamğalamasaŋ editamğalamasaŋ edif only you didn't brand | oltamğalamasa editamğalamasaedif only he didn't brand | biztamğalamasaq editamğalamasaq edif only we didn't brand | siztamğalamasağız editamğalamasağız edif only you all didn't brand | alatamğalamasala editamğalamasalaedif only they didn't brand |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | mentamğalab tursamif I carry on branding | sentamğalab tursaŋif you carry on branding | oltamğalab tursaif he carries on branding | biztamğalab tursaqif we carry on branding | siztamğalab tursağızif you all carry on branding | alatamğalab tursalaif they carry on branding |
| Durative conditional | mentamğalab turmasamif I don't carry on branding | sentamğalab turmasaŋif you don't carry on branding | oltamğalab turmasaif he doesn't carry on branding | biztamğalab turmasaqif we don't carry on branding | siztamğalab turmasağızif you all don't carry on branding | alatamğalab turmasalaif they don't carry on branding |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | mentamğalab tura esemif I have kept branding | sentamğalab tura eseŋif you have kept branding | oltamğalab tura eseif he has kept branding | biztamğalab tura esekif we have kept branding | siztamğalab tura esegizif you all have kept branding | alatamğalab tura eseleif they have kept branding |
| Durative conditional, present real | mentamğalab turmay esemif I haven't kept branding | sentamğalab turmay eseŋif you haven't kept branding | oltamğalab turmay eseif he hasn't kept branding | biztamğalab turmay esekif we haven't kept branding | siztamğalab turmay esegizif you all haven't kept branding | alatamğalab turmay eseleif they haven't kept branding |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | mentamğalay tursamif I keep branding | sentamğalay tursaŋif you keep branding | oltamğalay tursaif he keeps branding | biztamğalay tursaqif we keep branding | siztamğalay tursağızif you all keep branding | alatamğalay tursalaif they keep branding |
| Progressive conditional | mentamğalamay tursamif I keep on not branding | sentamğalamay tursaŋif you keep on not branding | oltamğalamay tursaif he keeps on not branding | biztamğalamay tursaqif we keep on not branding | siztamğalamay tursağızif you all keep on not branding | alatamğalamay tursalaif they keep on not branding |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | mentamğalay tura esemif I am in the middle of branding | sentamğalay tura eseŋif you are in the middle of branding | oltamğalay tura eseif he is in the middle of branding | biztamğalay tura esekif we are in the middle of branding | siztamğalay tura esegizif you all are in the middle of branding | alatamğalay tura eseleif they are in the middle of branding |
| Progressive conditional, present real | mentamğalamay tura esemif I keep on not branding | sentamğalamay tura eseŋif you keep on not branding | oltamğalamay tura eseif he keeps on not branding | biztamğalamay tura esekif we keep on not branding | siztamğalamay tura esegizif you all keep on not branding | alatamğalamay tura eseleif they keep on not branding |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | mentamğaladım esemif I branded | sentamğaladıŋ eseŋif you branded | oltamğaladı eseif he branded | biztamğaladıq esekif we branded | siztamğaladığız esegizif you all branded | alatamğaladıla eseleif they branded |
| Conditional, definite past1 | mentamğalamadım esemif I didn't brand | sentamğalamadıŋ eseŋif you didn't brand | oltamğalamadı eseif he didn't brand | biztamğalamadıq esekif we didn't brand | siztamğalamadığız esegizif you all didn't brand | alatamğalamadıla eseleif they didn't brand |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | mentamğalağan esemif I did brand (indeed) | sentamğalağan eseŋif you did brand (indeed) | oltamğalağan eseif he did brand (indeed) | biztamğalağan esekif we did brand (indeed) | siztamğalağan esegizif you all did brand (indeed) | alatamğalağan eseleif they did brand (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | mentamğalamağan esemif I didn't brand (indeed) | sentamğalamağan eseŋif you didn't brand (indeed) | oltamğalamağan eseif he didn't brand (indeed) | biztamğalamağan esekif we didn't brand (indeed) | siztamğalamağan esegizif you all didn't brand (indeed) | alatamğalamağan eseleif they didn't brand (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | mentamğalağan bolsamif I had branded | sentamğalağan bolsaŋif you had branded | oltamğalağan bolsaif he had branded | biztamğalağan bolsaqif we had branded | siztamğalağan bolsağızif you all had branded | alatamğalağan bolsalaif they had branded |
| Conditional, counterfactual | mentamğalamağan bolsamif I hadn't branded | sentamğalamağan bolsaŋif you hadn't branded | oltamğalamağan bolsaif he hadn't branded | biztamğalamağan bolsaqif we hadn't branded | siztamğalamağan bolsağızif you all hadn't branded | alatamğalamağan bolsalaif they hadn't branded |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mentamğalağan bolsam editamğalağan bolsam edif only I had branded | sentamğalağan bolsaŋ editamğalağan bolsaŋ edif only you had branded | oltamğalağan bolsa editamğalağan bolsaedif only he had branded | biztamğalağan bolsaq editamğalağan bolsaq edif only we had branded | siztamğalağan bolsağız editamğalağan bolsağız edif only you all had branded | alatamğalağan bolsala editamğalağan bolsalaedif only they had branded |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mentamğalamağan bolsam editamğalamağan bolsam edif only I hadn't branded | sentamğalamağan bolsaŋ editamğalamağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't branded | oltamğalamağan bolsa editamğalamağan bolsaedif only he hadn't branded | biztamğalamağan bolsaq editamğalamağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't branded | siztamğalamağan bolsağız editamğalamağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't branded | alatamğalamağan bolsala editamğalamağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't branded |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | mentamğalar esemif I will brand | sentamğalar eseŋif you will brand | oltamğalar eseif he will brand | biztamğalar esekif we will brand | siztamğalar esegizif you all will brand | alatamğalar eseleif they will brand |
| Conditional, aorist | mentamğalamaz esemif I won't brand | sentamğalamaz eseŋif you won't brand | oltamğalamaz eseif he won't brand | biztamğalamaz esekif we won't brand | siztamğalamaz esegizif you all won't brand | alatamğalamaz eseleif they won't brand |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | mentamğalarıq esemif I am going to brand | sentamğalarıq eseŋif you are going to brand | oltamğalarıq eseif he is going to brand | biztamğalarıq esekif we are going to brand | siztamğalarıq esegizif you all are going to brand | alatamğalarıq eseleif they are going to brand |
| Conditional, future | mentamğalarıq tül esemif I am not going to brand | sentamğalarıq tül eseŋif you are not going to brand | oltamğalarıq tül eseif he is not going to brand | biztamğalarıq tül esekif we are not going to brand | siztamğalarıq tül esegizif you all are not going to brand | alatamğalarıq tül eseleif they are not going to brand |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mentamğalarıq bolsamif I were going to brand | sentamğalarıq bolsaŋif you were going to brand | oltamğalarıq bolsaif he were going to brand | biztamğalarıq bolsaqif we were going to brand | siztamğalarıq bolsağızif you all were going to brand | alatamğalarıq bolsalaif they were going to brand |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mentamğalamazlıq bolsamif I were not going to brand | sentamğalamazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to brand | oltamğalamazlıq bolsaif he were not going to brand | biztamğalamazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to brand | siztamğalamazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to brand | alatamğalamazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to brand |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso tamğaladıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mentamğalay bolurmaI must be branding | sentamğalay bolursayou must be branding | oltamğalay bolurhe must be branding | biztamğalay bolurbuzwe must be branding | siztamğalay bolursuzyou all must be branding | alatamğalay bolurlathey must be branding |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mentamğalamay bolurmaI must not be branding | sentamğalamay bolursayou must not be branding | oltamğalamay bolurhe must not be branding | biztamğalamay bolurbuzwe must not be branding | siztamğalamay bolursuzyou all must not be branding | alatamğalamay bolurlathey must not be branding |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mentamğalay tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of branding | sentamğalay tura bolursayou must be in the middle of branding | oltamğalay tura bolurhe must be in the middle of branding | biztamğalay tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of branding | siztamğalay tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of branding | alatamğalay tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of branding |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mentamğalamay tura bolurmaI must keep on not branding | sentamğalamay tura bolursayou must keep on not branding | oltamğalamay tura bolurhe must keep on not branding | biztamğalamay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not branding | siztamğalamay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not branding | alatamğalamay tura bolurlathey must keep on not branding |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | mentamğalağan bolurmaI must have branded | sentamğalağan bolursayou must have branded | oltamğalağan bolurhe must have branded | biztamğalağan bolurbuzwe must have branded | siztamğalağan bolursuzyou all must have branded | alatamğalağan bolurlathey must have branded |
| Inference (must have) | mentamğalamağan bolurmaI must not have branded | sentamğalamağan bolursayou must not have branded | oltamğalamağan bolurhe must not have branded | biztamğalamağan bolurbuzwe must not have branded | siztamğalamağan bolursuzyou all must not have branded | alatamğalamağan bolurlathey must not have branded |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mentamğalarıq bolurmaI must be going to brand | sentamğalarıq bolursayou must be going to brand | oltamğalarıq bolurhe must be going to brand | biztamğalarıq bolurbuzwe must be going to brand | siztamğalarıq bolursuzyou all must be going to brand | alatamğalarıq bolurlathey must be going to brand |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mentamğalamazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to brand | sentamğalamazlıq bolursayou must not be going to brand | oltamğalamazlıq bolurhe must not be going to brand | biztamğalamazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to brand | siztamğalamazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to brand | alatamğalamazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to brand |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | mentamğalayımlet me brand | sentamğala!brand! | oltamğalasınlet him brand | biztamğalayıqlet's brand | siztamğalağız!brand, you all! | alatamğalasınlalet them brand |
| Commands & suggestions | mentamğalamayımlet me not brand | sentamğalama!don't brand! | oltamğalamasınlet him not brand | biztamğalamayıqlet's not brand | siztamğalamağız!don't brand, you all! | alatamğalamasınlalet them not brand |
| Commands & suggestions | mentamğalayımmı?shall I brand? | oltamğalasınmı?should he brand? | biztamğalayıqmı?shall we brand? | alatamğalasınlamı?should they brand? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | mentamğalamayımmı?shall I not brand? | oltamğalamasınmı?should he not brand? | biztamğalamayıqmı?shall we not brand? | alatamğalamasınlamı?should they not brand? | ||
| Requests | sentamğalaçı2tamğalaçınplease brand | oltamğalasınçıdo let him brand | siztamğalaçığızplease brand (plural/polite) | alatamğalasınlaçıdo let them brand | ||
| Requests | sentamğalamaçı2tamğalamaçınplease don't brand | oltamğalamasınçıdo let him not brand | siztamğalamaçığızplease don't brand (plural/polite) | alatamğalamasınlaçıdo let them not brand | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sentamğalağıntamğalağımay you brand | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sentamğalamağıntamğalamağımay you not brand | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mentamğalağay edim tamğalağa edimwould that I branded | sentamğalağay ediŋ tamğalağa ediŋwould that you branded | oltamğalağay edi tamğalağa ediwould that he branded | biztamğalağay edik tamğalağa edikwould that we branded | siztamğalağay edigiz tamğalağa edigizwould that you all branded | alatamğalağay edile tamğalağa edilewould that they branded |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mentamğalamağay edim tamğalamağa edimwould that I did not brand | sentamğalamağay ediŋ tamğalamağa ediŋwould that you did not brand | oltamğalamağay edi tamğalamağa ediwould that he did not brand | biztamğalamağay edik tamğalamağa edikwould that we did not brand | siztamğalamağay edigiz tamğalamağa edigizwould that you all did not brand | alatamğalamağay edile tamğalamağa edilewould that they did not brand |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | mentamğalamağa qoyayımtamğalama qoyayımlet me allow someone to brand | sentamğalamağa qoy!tamğalama qoy!let someone brand! | oltamğalamağa qoysuntamğalama qoysunlet him allow someone to brand | biztamğalamağa qoyayıqtamğalama qoyayıqlet's allow someone to brand | siztamğalamağa qoyuğuz!tamğalama qoyuğuz!let someone brand, you all! | alatamğalamağa qoysunlatamğalama qoysunlalet them allow someone to brand |
| Let someone… (commands) | mentamğalamağa qoymayımtamğalama qoymayımlet me not allow someone to brand | sentamğalamağa qoyma!tamğalama qoyma!don't let someone brand! | oltamğalamağa qoymasıntamğalama qoymasınlet him not allow someone to brand | biztamğalamağa qoymayıqtamğalama qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to brand | siztamğalamağa qoymağız!tamğalama qoymağız!don't let someone brand, you all! | alatamğalamağa qoymasınlatamğalama qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to brand |
| Let someone… (commands) | mentamğalamağa qoyayımmı?tamğalama qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to brand? | oltamğalamağa qoysunmu?tamğalama qoysunmu?should he allow someone to brand? | biztamğalamağa qoyayıqmı?tamğalama qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to brand? | alatamğalamağa qoysunlamı?tamğalama qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to brand? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | mentamğalamağa qoymayımmı?tamğalama qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to brand? | oltamğalamağa qoymasınmı?tamğalama qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to brand? | biztamğalamağa qoymayıqmı?tamğalama qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to brand? | alatamğalamağa qoymasınlamı?tamğalama qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to brand? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | mentamğalamağa qoyamatamğalama qoyamaI allow someone to brand | sentamğalamağa qoyasatamğalama qoyasayou allow someone to brand | oltamğalamağa qoyadıtamğalama qoyadıhe allows someone to brand | biztamğalamağa qoyabıztamğalama qoyabızwe allow someone to brand | siztamğalamağa qoyasıztamğalama qoyasızyou all allow someone to brand | alatamğalamağa qoyadılatamğalama qoyadılathey allow someone to brand |
| Let someone… (present) | mentamğalamağa qoymaymatamğalama qoymaymaI don't allow someone to brand | sentamğalamağa qoymaysatamğalama qoymaysayou don't allow someone to brand | oltamğalamağa qoymaydıtamğalama qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to brand | biztamğalamağa qoymaybıztamğalama qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to brand | siztamğalamağa qoymaysıztamğalama qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to brand | alatamğalamağa qoymaydılatamğalama qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to brand |
| Let someone… (present) | mentamğalamağa qoyamamı?tamğalama qoyamamı?do I allow someone to brand? | sentamğalamağa qoyamısa?tamğalama qoyamısa?do you allow someone to brand? | oltamğalamağa qoyamıdı?tamğalama qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to brand? | biztamğalamağa qoyabızmı?tamğalama qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to brand? | siztamğalamağa qoyamısız?tamğalama qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to brand? | alatamğalamağa qoyamıdıla?tamğalama qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to brand? |
| Let someone… (present) | mentamğalamağa qoymaymamı?tamğalama qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to brand? | sentamğalamağa qoymaymısa?tamğalama qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to brand? | oltamğalamağa qoymaymıdı?tamğalama qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to brand? | biztamğalamağa qoymaybızmı?tamğalama qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to brand? | siztamğalamağa qoymaymısız?tamğalama qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to brand? | alatamğalamağa qoymaymıdıla?tamğalama qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to brand? |
| Let someone… (past) | mentamğalamağa qoydumtamğalama qoydumI allowed someone to brand | sentamğalamağa qoyduŋtamğalama qoyduŋyou allowed someone to brand | oltamğalamağa qoydutamğalama qoyduhe allowed someone to brand | biztamğalamağa qoyduqtamğalama qoyduqwe allowed someone to brand | siztamğalamağa qoyduğuztamğalama qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to brand | alatamğalamağa qoydulatamğalama qoydulathey allowed someone to brand |
| Let someone… (past) | mentamğalamağa qoymadımtamğalama qoymadımI didn't allow someone to brand | sentamğalamağa qoymadıŋtamğalama qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to brand | oltamğalamağa qoymadıtamğalama qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to brand | biztamğalamağa qoymadıqtamğalama qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to brand | siztamğalamağa qoymadığıztamğalama qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to brand | alatamğalamağa qoymadılatamğalama qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to brand |
| Let someone… (past) | mentamğalamağa qoydummu?tamğalama qoydummu?did I allow someone to brand? | sentamğalamağa qoyduŋmu?tamğalama qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to brand? | oltamğalamağa qoydumu?tamğalama qoydumu?did he allow someone to brand? | biztamğalamağa qoyduqmu?tamğalama qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to brand? | siztamğalamağa qoyduğuzmu?tamğalama qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to brand? | alatamğalamağa qoydulamı?tamğalama qoydulamı?did they allow someone to brand? |
| Let someone… (past) | mentamğalamağa qoymadımmı?tamğalama qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to brand? | sentamğalamağa qoymadıŋmı?tamğalama qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to brand? | oltamğalamağa qoymadımı?tamğalama qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to brand? | biztamğalamağa qoymadıqmı?tamğalama qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to brand? | siztamğalamağa qoymadığızmı?tamğalama qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to brand? | alatamğalamağa qoymadılamı?tamğalama qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to brand? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | mentamğalayalamaI can brand | sentamğalayalasayou can brand | oltamğalayaladıhe can brand | biztamğalayalabızwe can brand | siztamğalayalasızyou all can brand | alatamğalayaladılathey can brand |
| Ability — present | mentamğalayalmaymaI can't brand | sentamğalayalmaysayou can't brand | oltamğalayalmaydıhe can't brand | biztamğalayalmaybızwe can't brand | siztamğalayalmaysızyou all can't brand | alatamğalayalmaydılathey can't brand |
| Ability — present | mentamğalayalamamı? tamğalayalamıma?can I brand? | sentamğalayalamısa?can you brand? | oltamğalayalamıdı?can he brand? | biztamğalayalabızmı? tamğalayalamıbız?can we brand? | siztamğalayalamısız?can you all brand? | alatamğalayalamıdıla?can they brand? |
| Ability — present | mentamğalayalmaymamı? tamğalayalmaymıma?can't I brand? | sentamğalayalmaymısa?can't you brand? | oltamğalayalmaymıdı?can't he brand? | biztamğalayalmaybızmı? tamğalayalmaymıbız?can't we brand? | siztamğalayalmaymısız?can't you all brand? | alatamğalayalmaymıdıla?can't they brand? |
| Ability — if I can… | mentamğalayalsamif I can brand | sentamğalayalsaŋif you can brand | oltamğalayalsaif he can brand | biztamğalayalsaqif we can brand | siztamğalayalsağızif you all can brand | alatamğalayalsalaif they can brand |
| Ability — if I can… | mentamğalayalmasamif I can't brand | sentamğalayalmasaŋif you can't brand | oltamğalayalmasaif he can't brand | biztamğalayalmasaqif we can't brand | siztamğalayalmasağızif you all can't brand | alatamğalayalmasalaif they can't brand |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | mentamğalayaldımI was able to brand | sentamğalayaldıŋyou were able to brand | oltamğalayaldıhe was able to brand | biztamğalayaldıqwe were able to brand | siztamğalayaldığızyou all were able to brand | alatamğalayaldılathey were able to brand |
| Ability — simple past | mentamğalayalmadımI could not brand | sentamğalayalmadıŋyou could not brand | oltamğalayalmadıhe could not brand | biztamğalayalmadıqwe could not brand | siztamğalayalmadığızyou all could not brand | alatamğalayalmadılathey could not brand |
| Ability — simple past | mentamğalayaldımmı?was I able to brand? | sentamğalayaldıŋmı?were you able to brand? | oltamğalayaldımı?was he able to brand? | biztamğalayaldıqmı?were we able to brand? | siztamğalayaldığızmı?were you all able to brand? | alatamğalayaldılamı?were they able to brand? |
| Ability — simple past | mentamğalayalmadımmı?couldn't I brand? | sentamğalayalmadıŋmı?couldn't you brand? | oltamğalayalmadımı?couldn't he brand? | biztamğalayalmadıqmı?couldn't we brand? | siztamğalayalmadığızmı?couldn't you all brand? | alatamğalayalmadılamı?couldn't they brand? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentamğalayalğanmaI have been able to brand | sentamğalayalğansayou have been able to brand | oltamğalayalğandıhe has been able to brand | biztamğalayalğanbızwe have been able to brand | siztamğalayalğansızyou all have been able to brand | alatamğalayalğandılathey have been able to brand |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentamğalayalmağanmaI haven't been able to brand | sentamğalayalmağansayou haven't been able to brand | oltamğalayalmağandıhe hasn't been able to brand | biztamğalayalmağanbızwe haven't been able to brand | siztamğalayalmağansızyou all haven't been able to brand | alatamğalayalmağandılathey haven't been able to brand |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentamğalayalğanmamı? tamğalayalğanmıma?have I been able to brand? | sentamğalayalğanmısa?have you been able to brand? | oltamğalayalğanmıdı?has he been able to brand? | biztamğalayalğanbızmı? tamğalayalğanmıbız?have we been able to brand? | siztamğalayalğanmısız?have you all been able to brand? | alatamğalayalğanmıdıla?have they been able to brand? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mentamğalayalmağanmamı? tamğalayalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to brand? | sentamğalayalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to brand? | oltamğalayalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to brand? | biztamğalayalmağanbızmı? tamğalayalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to brand? | siztamğalayalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to brand? | alatamğalayalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to brand? |
| Ability — past perfect | mentamğalayalğan edimtamğalayalğanemI had been able to brand | sentamğalayalğan ediŋtamğalayalğaneŋyou had been able to brand | oltamğalayalğan editamğalayalğanedhe had been able to brand | biztamğalayalğan ediktamğalayalğanekwe had been able to brand | siztamğalayalğan edigiztamğalayalğanegizyou all had been able to brand | alatamğalayalğan ediletamğalayalğanellethey had been able to brand |
| Ability — past perfect | mentamğalayalmağan edimtamğalayalmağanemI hadn't been able to brand | sentamğalayalmağan ediŋtamğalayalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to brand | oltamğalayalmağan editamğalayalmağanedhe hadn't been able to brand | biztamğalayalmağan ediktamğalayalmağanekwe hadn't been able to brand | siztamğalayalmağan edigiztamğalayalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to brand | alatamğalayalmağan ediletamğalayalmağanellethey hadn't been able to brand |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | mentamğalayala edimtamğalayalaemI could brand | sentamğalayala ediŋtamğalayalaeŋyou could brand | oltamğalayala editamğalayalaedhe could brand | biztamğalayala ediktamğalayalaekwe could brand | siztamğalayala edigiztamğalayalaegizyou all could brand | alatamğalayala ediletamğalayalaellethey could brand |
| Ability — past background | mentamğalayalmay edimtamğalayalmayemI could not brand | sentamğalayalmay ediŋtamğalayalmayeŋyou could not brand | oltamğalayalmay editamğalayalmayedhe could not brand | biztamğalayalmay ediktamğalayalmayekwe could not brand | siztamğalayalmay edigiztamğalayalmayegizyou all could not brand | alatamğalayalmay ediletamğalayalmayellethey could not brand |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | mentamğalayalırmaI will be able to brand | sentamğalayalırsayou will be able to brand | oltamğalayalırhe will be able to brand | biztamğalayalırbızwe will be able to brand | siztamğalayalırsızyou all will be able to brand | alatamğalayalırlathey will be able to brand |
| Ability — future I | mentamğalayalmazmaI won't be able to brand | sentamğalayalmazsayou won't be able to brand | oltamğalayalmazhe won't be able to brand | biztamğalayalmazbızwe won't be able to brand | siztamğalayalmazsızyou all won't be able to brand | alatamğalayalmazlathey won't be able to brand |
| Ability — future I | mentamğalayalırmamı? tamğalayalırmıma?will I be able to brand? | sentamğalayalırmısa?will you be able to brand? | oltamğalayalırmı?will he be able to brand? | biztamğalayalırbızmı? tamğalayalırmıbız?will we be able to brand? | siztamğalayalırmısız?will you all be able to brand? | alatamğalayalırlamı? tamğalayalırmıla?will they be able to brand? |
| Ability — future I | mentamğalayalmazmamı? tamğalayalmazmıma?won't I be able to brand? | sentamğalayalmazmısa?won't you be able to brand? | oltamğalayalmazmı?won't he be able to brand? | biztamğalayalmazbızmı? tamğalayalmazmıbız?won't we be able to brand? | siztamğalayalmazmısız?won't you all be able to brand? | alatamğalayalmazlamı? tamğalayalmazmıla?won't they be able to brand? |
| Ability — future II | mentamğalayallıqmaI am going to be able to brand | sentamğalayallıqsayou are going to be able to brand | oltamğalayallıqdıhe is going to be able to brand | biztamğalayallıqbızwe are going to be able to brand | siztamğalayallıqsızyou all are going to be able to brand | alatamğalayallıqdılathey are going to be able to brand |
| Ability — future II | mentamğalayallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to brand | sentamğalayallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to brand | oltamğalayallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to brand | biztamğalayallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to brand | siztamğalayallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to brand | alatamğalayallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to brand |
| Ability — future II | mentamğalayallıqmamı? tamğalayallıqmıma?am I going to be able to brand? | sentamğalayallıqmısa?are you going to be able to brand? | oltamğalayallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to brand? | biztamğalayallıqbızmı? tamğalayallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to brand? | siztamğalayallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to brand? | alatamğalayallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to brand? |
| Ability — future II | mentamğalayallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to brand? | sentamğalayallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to brand? | oltamğalayallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to brand? | biztamğalayallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to brand? | siztamğalayallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to brand? | alatamğalayallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to brand? |
| Ability — would be able to… | mentamğalayalır edimtamğalayalır emI would be able to brand | sentamğalayalır ediŋtamğalayalır eŋyou would be able to brand | oltamğalayalır editamğalayalır edhe would be able to brand | biztamğalayalır ediktamğalayalır ekwe would be able to brand | siztamğalayalır edigiztamğalayalır egizyou all would be able to brand | alatamğalayalır ediletamğalayalır ellethey would be able to brand |
| Ability — would be able to… | mentamğalayalmaz edimtamğalayalmaz emI wouldn't be able to brand | sentamğalayalmaz ediŋtamğalayalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to brand | oltamğalayalmaz editamğalayalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to brand | biztamğalayalmaz ediktamğalayalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to brand | siztamğalayalmaz edigiztamğalayalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to brand | alatamğalayalmaz ediletamğalayalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to brand |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sentamğalayalğıntamğalayalğımay you be able to brand | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sentamğalayalmağıntamğalayalmağımay you not be able to brand | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | mentamğalarğa izleymeI want to brand | sentamğalarğa izleyseyou want to brand | oltamğalarğa izleydihe wants to brand | biztamğalarğa izleybizwe want to brand | siztamğalarğa izleysizyou all want to brand | alatamğalarğa izleydilethey want to brand |
| want to | mentamğalarğa izlemeymeI do not want to brand | sentamğalarğa izlemeyseyou do not want to brand | oltamğalarğa izlemeydihe does not want to brand | biztamğalarğa izlemeybizwe do not want to brand | siztamğalarğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to brand | alatamğalarğa izlemeydilethey do not want to brand |
| would like to | mentamğalarğa süemeI would like to brand | sentamğalarğa süeseyou would like to brand | oltamğalarğa süedihe would like to brand | biztamğalarğa süebizwe would like to brand | siztamğalarğa süesizyou all would like to brand | alatamğalarğa süedilethey would like to brand |
| would like to | mentamğalarğa süymeymeI would not like to brand | sentamğalarğa süymeyseyou would not like to brand | oltamğalarğa süymeydihe would not like to brand | biztamğalarğa süymeybizwe would not like to brand | siztamğalarğa süymeysizyou all would not like to brand | alatamğalarğa süymeydilethey would not like to brand |
| hope to | mentamğalarğa umutlanamaI hope to brand | sentamğalarğa umutlanasayou hope to brand | oltamğalarğa umutlanadıhe hopes to brand | biztamğalarğa umutlanabızwe hope to brand | siztamğalarğa umutlanasızyou all hope to brand | alatamğalarğa umutlanadılathey hope to brand |
| hope to | mentamğalarğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to brand | sentamğalarğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to brand | oltamğalarğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to brand | biztamğalarğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to brand | siztamğalarğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to brand | alatamğalarğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to brand |
| be about to | mentamğalarğa deb turamaI am about to brand | sentamğalarğa deb turasayou are about to brand | oltamğalarğa deb turadıhe is about to brand | biztamğalarğa deb turabızwe are about to brand | siztamğalarğa deb turasızyou all are about to brand | alatamğalarğa deb turadılathey are about to brand |
| be about to | mentamğalarğa deb turmaymaI am not about to brand | sentamğalarğa deb turmaysayou are not about to brand | oltamğalarğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to brand | biztamğalarğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to brand | siztamğalarğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to brand | alatamğalarğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to brand |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | mentamğalarğa kerekmeI need to brand | sentamğalarğa kerekseyou need to brand | oltamğalarğa kerekdihe needs to brand | biztamğalarğa kerekbizwe need to brand | siztamğalarğa kereksizyou all need to brand | alatamğalarğa kerekdilethey need to brand |
| need to | mentamğalarğa kerek tülmeI do not need to brand | sentamğalarğa kerek tülseyou do not need to brand | oltamğalarğa kerek tüldühe does not need to brand | biztamğalarğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to brand | siztamğalarğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to brand | alatamğalarğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to brand |
| have to | menmenŋe tamğalarğa tüşediI have to brand | sensenŋe tamğalarğa tüşediyou have to brand | olaŋa tamğalarğa tüşedihe has to brand | bizbizge tamğalarğa tüşediwe have to brand | sizsizge tamğalarğa tüşediyou all have to brand | alaalağa tamğalarğa tüşedithey have to brand |
| have to | menmenŋe tamğalarğa tüşmeydiI do not have to brand | sensenŋe tamğalarğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to brand | olaŋa tamğalarğa tüşmeydihe does not have to brand | bizbizge tamğalarğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to brand | sizsizge tamğalarğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to brand | alaalağa tamğalarğa tüşmeydithey do not have to brand |
| be obliged to | mentamğalarğa borçlumaI am obliged to brand | sentamğalarğa borçlusayou are obliged to brand | oltamğalarğa borçluduhe is obliged to brand | biztamğalarğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to brand | siztamğalarğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to brand | alatamğalarğa borçludulathey are obliged to brand |
| be obliged to | mentamğalarğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to brand | sentamğalarğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to brand | oltamğalarğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to brand | biztamğalarğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to brand | siztamğalarğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to brand | alatamğalarğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to brand |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | mentamğalarğa madarım bardıI have a way to brand | sentamğalarğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to brand | oltamğalarğa madarı bardıhe has a way to brand | biztamğalarğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to brand | siztamğalarğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to brand | alatamğalarğa madarları bardıthey have a way to brand |
| have a way to | mentamğalarğa madarım joqduI have no way to brand | sentamğalarğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to brand | oltamğalarğa madarı joqduhe has no way to brand | biztamğalarğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to brand | siztamğalarğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to brand | alatamğalarğa madarları joqduthey have no way to brand |
| be free to | mentamğalarğa erkinligim bardıI am free to brand | sentamğalarğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to brand | oltamğalarğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to brand | biztamğalarğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to brand | siztamğalarğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to brand | alatamğalarğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to brand |
| be free to | mentamğalarğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to brand | sentamğalarğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to brand | oltamğalarğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to brand | biztamğalarğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to brand | siztamğalarğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to brand | alatamğalarğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to brand |
| be possible to | menmenŋe tamğalarğa bolluqduit is possible for me to brand | sensenŋe tamğalarğa bolluqduit is possible for you to brand | olaŋa tamğalarğa bolluqduit is possible for him to brand | bizbizge tamğalarğa bolluqduit is possible for us to brand | sizsizge tamğalarğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to brand | alaalağa tamğalarğa bolluqduit is possible for them to brand |
| be possible to | menmenŋe tamğalarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to brand | sensenŋe tamğalarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to brand | olaŋa tamğalarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to brand | bizbizge tamğalarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to brand | sizsizge tamğalarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to brand | alaalağa tamğalarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to brand |
| be ready to | mentamğalarğa hazırmaI am ready to brand | sentamğalarğa hazırsayou are ready to brand | oltamğalarğa hazırdıhe is ready to brand | biztamğalarğa hazırbızwe are ready to brand | siztamğalarğa hazırsızyou all are ready to brand | alatamğalarğa hazırdılathey are ready to brand |
| be ready to | mentamğalarğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to brand | sentamğalarğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to brand | oltamğalarğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to brand | biztamğalarğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to brand | siztamğalarğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to brand | alatamğalarğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to brand |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | mentamğalarğa küreşemeI am trying to brand | sentamğalarğa küreşeseyou are trying to brand | oltamğalarğa küreşedihe is trying to brand | biztamğalarğa küreşebizwe are trying to brand | siztamğalarğa küreşesizyou all are trying to brand | alatamğalarğa küreşedilethey are trying to brand |
| try to | mentamğalarğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to brand | sentamğalarğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to brand | oltamğalarğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to brand | biztamğalarğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to brand | siztamğalarğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to brand | alatamğalarğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to brand |
| agree to | mentamğalarğa unaymaI agree to brand | sentamğalarğa unaysayou agree to brand | oltamğalarğa unaydıhe agrees to brand | biztamğalarğa unaybızwe agree to brand | siztamğalarğa unaysızyou all agree to brand | alatamğalarğa unaydılathey agree to brand |
| agree to | mentamğalarğa unamaymaI refuse to brand | sentamğalarğa unamaysayou refuse to brand | oltamğalarğa unamaydıhe refuses to brand | biztamğalarğa unamaybızwe refuse to brand | siztamğalarğa unamaysızyou all refuse to brand | alatamğalarğa unamaydılathey refuse to brand |
| hurry to | mentamğalarğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to brand | sentamğalarğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to brand | oltamğalarğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to brand | biztamğalarğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to brand | siztamğalarğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to brand | alatamğalarğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to brand |
| hurry to | mentamğalarğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to brand | sentamğalarğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to brand | oltamğalarğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to brand | biztamğalarğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to brand | siztamğalarğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to brand | alatamğalarğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to brand |
| be afraid to | mentamğalarğa qorqamaI am afraid to brand | sentamğalarğa qorqasayou are afraid to brand | oltamğalarğa qorqadıhe is afraid to brand | biztamğalarğa qorqabızwe are afraid to brand | siztamğalarğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to brand | alatamğalarğa qorqadılathey are afraid to brand |
| be afraid to | mentamğalarğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to brand | sentamğalarğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to brand | oltamğalarğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to brand | biztamğalarğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to brand | siztamğalarğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to brand | alatamğalarğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to brand |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | mentamğalay bolmazmaI can't be branding | sentamğalay bolmazsayou can't be branding | oltamğalay bolmazhe can't be branding | biztamğalay bolmazbızwe can't be branding | siztamğalay bolmazsızyou all can't be branding | alatamğalay bolmazlathey can't be branding |
| Inference, present — double negation | mentamğalamay bolmazmaI must be branding (emphatic) | sentamğalamay bolmazsayou must be branding (emphatic) | oltamğalamay bolmazhe must be branding (emphatic) | biztamğalamay bolmazbızwe must be branding (emphatic) | siztamğalamay bolmazsızyou all must be branding (emphatic) | alatamğalamay bolmazlathey must be branding (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | mentamğalay turmasamif I don't keep branding | sentamğalay turmasaŋif you don't keep branding | oltamğalay turmasaif he doesn't keep branding | biztamğalay turmasaqif we don't keep branding | siztamğalay turmasağızif you all don't keep branding | alatamğalay turmasalaif they don't keep branding |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | mentamğalay tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of branding | sentamğalay tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of branding | oltamğalay tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of branding | biztamğalay tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of branding | siztamğalay tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of branding | alatamğalay tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of branding |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | mentamğalamay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not branding (emphatic) | sentamğalamay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not branding (emphatic) | oltamğalamay tura bolmazhe must keep on not branding (emphatic) | biztamğalamay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not branding (emphatic) | siztamğalamay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not branding (emphatic) | alatamğalamay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not branding (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | mentamğalamay turamaI keep on not branding | sentamğalamay turasayou keep on not branding | oltamğalamay turadıhe keeps on not branding | biztamğalamay turabızwe keep on not branding | siztamğalamay turasızyou all keep on not branding | alatamğalamay turadılathey keep on not branding |
| Progressive — double negation | mentamğalamay turmaymaI am not keeping on not branding | sentamğalamay turmaysayou are not keeping on not branding | oltamğalamay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not branding | biztamğalamay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not branding | siztamğalamay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not branding | alatamğalamay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not branding |
| Progressive — double negation | mentamğalamay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not branding? | sentamğalamay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not branding? | oltamğalamay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not branding? | biztamğalamay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not branding? | siztamğalamay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not branding? | alatamğalamay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not branding? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | mentamğalağan bolmazmaI can't have branded | sentamğalağan bolmazsayou can't have branded | oltamğalağan bolmazhe can't have branded | biztamğalağan bolmazbızwe can't have branded | siztamğalağan bolmazsızyou all can't have branded | alatamğalağan bolmazlathey can't have branded |
| Inference — double negation | mentamğalamağan bolmazmaI must have branded (emphatic) | sentamğalamağan bolmazsayou must have branded (emphatic) | oltamğalamağan bolmazhe must have branded (emphatic) | biztamğalamağan bolmazbızwe must have branded (emphatic) | siztamğalamağan bolmazsızyou all must have branded (emphatic) | alatamğalamağan bolmazlathey must have branded (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | mentamğalağan bolmasamif it weren't that I had branded | sentamğalağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had branded | oltamğalağan bolmasaif it weren't that he had branded | biztamğalağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had branded | siztamğalağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had branded | alatamğalağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had branded |
| Counterfactual — double negation | mentamğalamağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't branded | sentamğalamağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't branded | oltamğalamağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't branded | biztamğalamağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't branded | siztamğalamağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't branded | alatamğalamağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't branded |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | mentamğalarıq bolmazmaI can't be going to brand | sentamğalarıq bolmazsayou can't be going to brand | oltamğalarıq bolmazhe can't be going to brand | biztamğalarıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to brand | siztamğalarıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to brand | alatamğalarıq bolmazlathey can't be going to brand |
| Inference, future — double negation | mentamğalamazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to brand (emphatic) | sentamğalamazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to brand (emphatic) | oltamğalamazlıq bolmazhe must be going to brand (emphatic) | biztamğalamazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to brand (emphatic) | siztamğalamazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to brand (emphatic) | alatamğalamazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to brand (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | mentamğalarıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to brand | sentamğalarıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to brand | oltamğalarıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to brand | biztamğalarıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to brand | siztamğalarıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to brand | alatamğalarıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to brand |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | mentamğalamazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to brand | sentamğalamazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to brand | oltamğalamazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to brand | biztamğalamazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to brand | siztamğalamazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to brand | alatamğalamazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to brand |