suw quyarğa
/suw qujarʁa/
water; pour water on — The thing watered takes the dative: güllege suw quyarğa "water the flowers". one source
- güllege suw quyarğa — to water the flowers
- terekge suw quyama — I water the tree
- baçhağa suw quyduŋ — you watered the garden
- güllege suw quyarğa kerekdi — the flowers need to be watered
Conjugation
Common forms
- suw quyadıhe is watering
- suw quyduhe watered
- suw quyğandıhe has watered
- suw quyarhe will water
- suw quyarıqdıhe is going to water
- suw quya edihe was watering
- suw quysaif he waters
- suw quy!water!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensuw quyamaI am watering | sensuw quyasayou are watering | olsuw quyadıhe is watering | bizsuw quyabızwe are watering | sizsuw quyasızyou all are watering | alasuw quyadılathey are watering |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensuw quymaymaI am not watering | sensuw quymaysayou are not watering | olsuw quymaydıhe is not watering | bizsuw quymaybızwe are not watering | sizsuw quymaysızyou all are not watering | alasuw quymaydılathey are not watering |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensuw quyamamı? suw quyamıma?am I watering? | sensuw quyamısa?are you watering? | olsuw quyamıdı?is he watering? | bizsuw quyabızmı? suw quyamıbız?are we watering? | sizsuw quyamısız?are you all watering? | alasuw quyamıdıla?are they watering? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensuw quymaymamı? suw quymaymıma?aren't I watering? | sensuw quymaymısa?aren't you watering? | olsuw quymaymıdı?isn't he watering? | bizsuw quymaybızmı? suw quymaymıbız?aren't we watering? | sizsuw quymaymısız?aren't you all watering? | alasuw quymaymıdıla?aren't they watering? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensuw quyuwçanmaI usually water | sensuw quyuwçansayou usually water | olsuw quyuwçandıhe usually waters | bizsuw quyuwçanbızwe usually water | sizsuw quyuwçansızyou all usually water | alasuw quyuwçandılathey usually water |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensuw quymawçanmaI usually don't water | sensuw quymawçansayou usually don't water | olsuw quymawçandıhe usually doesn't water | bizsuw quymawçanbızwe usually don't water | sizsuw quymawçansızyou all usually don't water | alasuw quymawçandılathey usually don't water |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensuw quyuwçanmamı? suw quyuwçanmıma?do I usually water? | sensuw quyuwçanmısa?do you usually water? | olsuw quyuwçanmıdı?does he usually water? | bizsuw quyuwçanbızmı? suw quyuwçanmıbız?do we usually water? | sizsuw quyuwçanmısız?do you all usually water? | alasuw quyuwçanmıdıla?do they usually water? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensuw quymawçanmamı? suw quymawçanmıma?do I usually not water? | sensuw quymawçanmısa?do you usually not water? | olsuw quymawçanmıdı?does he usually not water? | bizsuw quymawçanbızmı? suw quymawçanmıbız?do we usually not water? | sizsuw quymawçanmısız?do you all usually not water? | alasuw quymawçanmıdıla?do they usually not water? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olsuw quyubduhe has watered and remains so | alasuw quyubdulathey have watered and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olsuw quyubmudu?has he watered? | alasuw quyubmudula?have they watered? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensuw quyub turamaI keep watering | sensuw quyub turasayou keep watering | olsuw quyub turadıhe keeps watering | bizsuw quyub turabızwe keep watering | sizsuw quyub turasızyou all keep watering | alasuw quyub turadılathey keep watering |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensuw quyub turmaymaI don't keep watering | sensuw quyub turmaysayou don't keep watering | olsuw quyub turmaydıhe doesn't keep watering | bizsuw quyub turmaybızwe don't keep watering | sizsuw quyub turmaysızyou all don't keep watering | alasuw quyub turmaydılathey don't keep watering |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensuw quyub turamamı? suw quyub turamıma?do I keep watering? | sensuw quyub turamısa?do you keep watering? | olsuw quyub turamıdı?does he keep watering? | bizsuw quyub turabızmı? suw quyub turamıbız?do we keep watering? | sizsuw quyub turamısız?do you all keep watering? | alasuw quyub turamıdıla?do they keep watering? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensuw quyub turmaymamı? suw quyub turmaymıma?don't I keep watering? | sensuw quyub turmaymısa?don't you keep watering? | olsuw quyub turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep watering? | bizsuw quyub turmaybızmı? suw quyub turmaymıbız?don't we keep watering? | sizsuw quyub turmaymısız?don't you all keep watering? | alasuw quyub turmaymıdıla?don't they keep watering? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensuw quya turamaI am in the middle of watering | sensuw quya turasayou are in the middle of watering | olsuw quya turadıhe is in the middle of watering | bizsuw quya turabızwe are in the middle of watering | sizsuw quya turasızyou all are in the middle of watering | alasuw quya turadılathey are in the middle of watering |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensuw quya turmaymaI am not in the middle of watering | sensuw quya turmaysayou are not in the middle of watering | olsuw quya turmaydıhe is not in the middle of watering | bizsuw quya turmaybızwe are not in the middle of watering | sizsuw quya turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of watering | alasuw quya turmaydılathey are not in the middle of watering |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensuw quya turamamı? suw quya turamıma?am I in the middle of watering? | sensuw quya turamısa?are you in the middle of watering? | olsuw quya turamıdı?is he in the middle of watering? | bizsuw quya turabızmı? suw quya turamıbız?are we in the middle of watering? | sizsuw quya turamısız?are you all in the middle of watering? | alasuw quya turamıdıla?are they in the middle of watering? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensuw quya turmaymamı? suw quya turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of watering? | sensuw quya turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of watering? | olsuw quya turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of watering? | bizsuw quya turmaybızmı? suw quya turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of watering? | sizsuw quya turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of watering? | alasuw quya turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of watering? |
| Simple past (definite) | mensuw quydumI watered | sensuw quyduŋyou watered | olsuw quyduhe watered | bizsuw quyduqwe watered | sizsuw quyduğuzyou all watered | alasuw quydulathey watered |
| Simple past (definite) | mensuw quymadımI didn't water | sensuw quymadıŋyou didn't water | olsuw quymadıhe didn't water | bizsuw quymadıqwe didn't water | sizsuw quymadığızyou all didn't water | alasuw quymadılathey didn't water |
| Simple past (definite) | mensuw quydummu?did I water? | sensuw quyduŋmu?did you water? | olsuw quydumu?did he water? | bizsuw quyduqmu?did we water? | sizsuw quyduğuzmu?did you all water? | alasuw quydulamı?did they water? |
| Simple past (definite) | mensuw quymadımmı?didn't I water? | sensuw quymadıŋmı?didn't you water? | olsuw quymadımı?didn't he water? | bizsuw quymadıqmı?didn't we water? | sizsuw quymadığızmı?didn't you all water? | alasuw quymadılamı?didn't they water? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensuw quyğanmaI have watered | sensuw quyğansayou have watered | olsuw quyğandıhe has watered | bizsuw quyğanbızwe have watered | sizsuw quyğansızyou all have watered | alasuw quyğandılathey have watered |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensuw quymağanmaI haven't watered | sensuw quymağansayou haven't watered | olsuw quymağandıhe hasn't watered | bizsuw quymağanbızwe haven't watered | sizsuw quymağansızyou all haven't watered | alasuw quymağandılathey haven't watered |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensuw quyğanmamı? suw quyğanmıma?have I watered? | sensuw quyğanmısa?have you watered? | olsuw quyğanmıdı?has he watered? | bizsuw quyğanbızmı? suw quyğanmıbız?have we watered? | sizsuw quyğanmısız?have you all watered? | alasuw quyğanmıdıla?have they watered? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensuw quymağanmamı? suw quymağanmıma?haven't I watered? | sensuw quymağanmısa?haven't you watered? | olsuw quymağanmıdı?hasn't he watered? | bizsuw quymağanbızmı? suw quymağanmıbız?haven't we watered? | sizsuw quymağanmısız?haven't you all watered? | alasuw quymağanmıdıla?haven't they watered? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mensuw quyub turdumI kept watering | sensuw quyub turduŋyou kept watering | olsuw quyub turduhe kept watering | bizsuw quyub turduqwe kept watering | sizsuw quyub turduğuzyou all kept watering | alasuw quyub turdulathey kept watering |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mensuw quyub turmadımI didn't keep watering | sensuw quyub turmadıŋyou didn't keep watering | olsuw quyub turmadıhe didn't keep watering | bizsuw quyub turmadıqwe didn't keep watering | sizsuw quyub turmadığızyou all didn't keep watering | alasuw quyub turmadılathey didn't keep watering |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensuw quyarmaI will water | sensuw quyarsayou will water | olsuw quyarhe will water | bizsuw quyarbızwe will water | sizsuw quyarsızyou all will water | alasuw quyarlathey will water |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensuw quymazmaI won't water | sensuw quymazsayou won't water | olsuw quymazhe won't water | bizsuw quymazbızwe won't water | sizsuw quymazsızyou all won't water | alasuw quymazlathey won't water |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensuw quyarmamı? suw quyarmıma?will I water? | sensuw quyarmısa?will you water? | olsuw quyarmı?will he water? | bizsuw quyarbızmı? suw quyarmıbız?will we water? | sizsuw quyarmısız?will you all water? | alasuw quyarlamı? suw quyarmıla?will they water? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensuw quymazmamı? suw quymazmıma?won't I water? | sensuw quymazmısa?won't you water? | olsuw quymazmı?won't he water? | bizsuw quymazbızmı? suw quymazmıbız?won't we water? | sizsuw quymazmısız?won't you all water? | alasuw quymazlamı? suw quymazmıla?won't they water? |
| Definite future (future II) | mensuw quyarıqmaI am going to water | sensuw quyarıqsayou are going to water | olsuw quyarıqdıhe is going to water | bizsuw quyarıqbızwe are going to water | sizsuw quyarıqsızyou all are going to water | alasuw quyarıqdılathey are going to water |
| Definite future (future II) | mensuw quyarıq tülmeI am not going to water | sensuw quyarıq tülseyou are not going to water | olsuw quyarıq tüldühe is not going to water | bizsuw quyarıq tülbüzwe are not going to water | sizsuw quyarıq tülsüzyou all are not going to water | alasuw quyarıq tüldülethey are not going to water |
| Definite future (future II) | mensuw quyarıqmamı? suw quyarıqmıma?am I going to water? | sensuw quyarıqmısa?are you going to water? | olsuw quyarıqmıdı?is he going to water? | bizsuw quyarıqbızmı? suw quyarıqmıbız?are we going to water? | sizsuw quyarıqmısız?are you all going to water? | alasuw quyarıqmıdıla?are they going to water? |
| Definite future (future II) | mensuw quyarıq tülmüme?aren't I going to water? | sensuw quyarıq tülmüse?aren't you going to water? | olsuw quyarıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to water? | bizsuw quyarıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to water? | sizsuw quyarıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to water? | alasuw quyarıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to water? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mensuw quyğan edimsuw quyğanemI had watered | sensuw quyğan ediŋsuw quyğaneŋyou had watered | olsuw quyğan edisuw quyğanedhe had watered | bizsuw quyğan ediksuw quyğanekwe had watered | sizsuw quyğan edigizsuw quyğanegizyou all had watered | alasuw quyğan edilesuw quyğanellethey had watered |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mensuw quymağan edimsuw quymağanemI hadn't watered | sensuw quymağan ediŋsuw quymağaneŋyou hadn't watered | olsuw quymağan edisuw quymağanedhe hadn't watered | bizsuw quymağan ediksuw quymağanekwe hadn't watered | sizsuw quymağan edigizsuw quymağanegizyou all hadn't watered | alasuw quymağan edilesuw quymağanellethey hadn't watered |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mensuw quya edimsuw quyaemI was watering | sensuw quya ediŋsuw quyaeŋyou were watering | olsuw quya edisuw quyaedhe was watering | bizsuw quya ediksuw quyaekwe were watering | sizsuw quya edigizsuw quyaegizyou all were watering | alasuw quya edilesuw quyaellethey were watering |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mensuw quymay edimsuw quymayemI wasn't watering | sensuw quymay ediŋsuw quymayeŋyou weren't watering | olsuw quymay edisuw quymayedhe wasn't watering | bizsuw quymay ediksuw quymayekwe weren't watering | sizsuw quymay edigizsuw quymayegizyou all weren't watering | alasuw quymay edilesuw quymayellethey weren't watering |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | mensuw quyuwçan edimsuw quyuwçanemI used to water | sensuw quyuwçan ediŋsuw quyuwçaneŋyou used to water | olsuw quyuwçan edisuw quyuwçanedhe used to water | bizsuw quyuwçan ediksuw quyuwçanekwe used to water | sizsuw quyuwçan edigizsuw quyuwçanegizyou all used to water | alasuw quyuwçan edilesuw quyuwçanellethey used to water |
| Habitual past (used to) | mensuw quymawçan edimsuw quymawçanemI didn't use to water | sensuw quymawçan ediŋsuw quymawçaneŋyou didn't use to water | olsuw quymawçan edisuw quymawçanedhe didn't use to water | bizsuw quymawçan ediksuw quymawçanekwe didn't use to water | sizsuw quymawçan edigizsuw quymawçanegizyou all didn't use to water | alasuw quymawçan edilesuw quymawçanellethey didn't use to water |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olsuw quyub edihe had watered and remained so | alasuw quyub edilethey had watered and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olsuw quyub tül edihe hadn't watered | alasuw quyub tül edilethey hadn't watered | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mensuw quyub tura edimsuw quyub turaemI had kept watering | sensuw quyub tura ediŋsuw quyub turaeŋyou had kept watering | olsuw quyub tura edisuw quyub turaedhe had kept watering | bizsuw quyub tura ediksuw quyub turaekwe had kept watering | sizsuw quyub tura edigizsuw quyub turaegizyou all had kept watering | alasuw quyub tura edilesuw quyub turaellethey had kept watering |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mensuw quyub turmay edimsuw quyub turmayemI hadn't kept watering | sensuw quyub turmay ediŋsuw quyub turmayeŋyou hadn't kept watering | olsuw quyub turmay edisuw quyub turmayedhe hadn't kept watering | bizsuw quyub turmay ediksuw quyub turmayekwe hadn't kept watering | sizsuw quyub turmay edigizsuw quyub turmayegizyou all hadn't kept watering | alasuw quyub turmay edilesuw quyub turmayellethey hadn't kept watering |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mensuw quya tura edimsuw quya turaemI was in the middle of watering | sensuw quya tura ediŋsuw quya turaeŋyou were in the middle of watering | olsuw quya tura edisuw quya turaedhe was in the middle of watering | bizsuw quya tura ediksuw quya turaekwe were in the middle of watering | sizsuw quya tura edigizsuw quya turaegizyou all were in the middle of watering | alasuw quya tura edilesuw quya turaellethey were in the middle of watering |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mensuw quya turmay edimsuw quya turmayemI wasn't in the middle of watering | sensuw quya turmay ediŋsuw quya turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of watering | olsuw quya turmay edisuw quya turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of watering | bizsuw quya turmay ediksuw quya turmayekwe weren't in the middle of watering | sizsuw quya turmay edigizsuw quya turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of watering | alasuw quya turmay edilesuw quya turmayellethey weren't in the middle of watering |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | mensuw quyar edimsuw quyar emI would water | sensuw quyar ediŋsuw quyar eŋyou would water | olsuw quyar edisuw quyar edhe would water | bizsuw quyar ediksuw quyar ekwe would water | sizsuw quyar edigizsuw quyar egizyou all would water | alasuw quyar edilesuw quyar ellethey would water |
| Conditional result (would) | mensuw quymaz edimsuw quymaz emI wouldn't water | sensuw quymaz ediŋsuw quymaz eŋyou wouldn't water | olsuw quymaz edisuw quymaz edhe wouldn't water | bizsuw quymaz ediksuw quymaz ekwe wouldn't water | sizsuw quymaz edigizsuw quymaz egizyou all wouldn't water | alasuw quymaz edilesuw quymaz ellethey wouldn't water |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | mensuw quyarıq edimsuw quyarıq emI would have watered | sensuw quyarıq ediŋsuw quyarıq eŋyou would have watered | olsuw quyarıq edisuw quyarıq edhe would have watered | bizsuw quyarıq ediksuw quyarıq ekwe would have watered | sizsuw quyarıq edigizsuw quyarıq egizyou all would have watered | alasuw quyarıq edilesuw quyarıq ellethey would have watered |
| Past conditional result (would have) | mensuw quyarıq tül edimsuw quyarıq tül emI wouldn't have watered | sensuw quyarıq tül ediŋsuw quyarıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have watered | olsuw quyarıq tül edisuw quyarıq tül edhe wouldn't have watered | bizsuw quyarıq tül ediksuw quyarıq tül ekwe wouldn't have watered | sizsuw quyarıq tül edigizsuw quyarıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have watered | alasuw quyarıq tül edilesuw quyarıq tül ellethey wouldn't have watered |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | mensuw quysamif I water | sensuw quysaŋif you water | olsuw quysaif he waters | bizsuw quysaqif we water | sizsuw quysağızif you all water | alasuw quysalaif they water |
| Conditional | mensuw quymasamif I don't water | sensuw quymasaŋif you don't water | olsuw quymasaif he doesn't water | bizsuw quymasaqif we don't water | sizsuw quymasağızif you all don't water | alasuw quymasalaif they don't water |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | mensuw quya esemif I am watering | sensuw quya eseŋif you are watering | olsuw quya eseif he is watering | bizsuw quya esekif we are watering | sizsuw quya esegizif you all are watering | alasuw quya eseleif they are watering |
| Conditional, present real | mensuw quymay esemif I am not watering | sensuw quymay eseŋif you are not watering | olsuw quymay eseif he is not watering | bizsuw quymay esekif we are not watering | sizsuw quymay esegizif you all are not watering | alasuw quymay eseleif they are not watering |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mensuw quysam edisuw quysam edif only I watered | sensuw quysaŋ edisuw quysaŋ edif only you watered | olsuw quysa edisuw quysaedif only he watered | bizsuw quysaq edisuw quysaq edif only we watered | sizsuw quysağız edisuw quysağız edif only you all watered | alasuw quysala edisuw quysalaedif only they watered |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mensuw quymasam edisuw quymasam edif only I didn't water | sensuw quymasaŋ edisuw quymasaŋ edif only you didn't water | olsuw quymasa edisuw quymasaedif only he didn't water | bizsuw quymasaq edisuw quymasaq edif only we didn't water | sizsuw quymasağız edisuw quymasağız edif only you all didn't water | alasuw quymasala edisuw quymasalaedif only they didn't water |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | mensuw quyub tursamif I carry on watering | sensuw quyub tursaŋif you carry on watering | olsuw quyub tursaif he carries on watering | bizsuw quyub tursaqif we carry on watering | sizsuw quyub tursağızif you all carry on watering | alasuw quyub tursalaif they carry on watering |
| Durative conditional | mensuw quyub turmasamif I don't carry on watering | sensuw quyub turmasaŋif you don't carry on watering | olsuw quyub turmasaif he doesn't carry on watering | bizsuw quyub turmasaqif we don't carry on watering | sizsuw quyub turmasağızif you all don't carry on watering | alasuw quyub turmasalaif they don't carry on watering |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | mensuw quyub tura esemif I have kept watering | sensuw quyub tura eseŋif you have kept watering | olsuw quyub tura eseif he has kept watering | bizsuw quyub tura esekif we have kept watering | sizsuw quyub tura esegizif you all have kept watering | alasuw quyub tura eseleif they have kept watering |
| Durative conditional, present real | mensuw quyub turmay esemif I haven't kept watering | sensuw quyub turmay eseŋif you haven't kept watering | olsuw quyub turmay eseif he hasn't kept watering | bizsuw quyub turmay esekif we haven't kept watering | sizsuw quyub turmay esegizif you all haven't kept watering | alasuw quyub turmay eseleif they haven't kept watering |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | mensuw quya tursamif I keep watering | sensuw quya tursaŋif you keep watering | olsuw quya tursaif he keeps watering | bizsuw quya tursaqif we keep watering | sizsuw quya tursağızif you all keep watering | alasuw quya tursalaif they keep watering |
| Progressive conditional | mensuw quymay tursamif I keep on not watering | sensuw quymay tursaŋif you keep on not watering | olsuw quymay tursaif he keeps on not watering | bizsuw quymay tursaqif we keep on not watering | sizsuw quymay tursağızif you all keep on not watering | alasuw quymay tursalaif they keep on not watering |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | mensuw quya tura esemif I am in the middle of watering | sensuw quya tura eseŋif you are in the middle of watering | olsuw quya tura eseif he is in the middle of watering | bizsuw quya tura esekif we are in the middle of watering | sizsuw quya tura esegizif you all are in the middle of watering | alasuw quya tura eseleif they are in the middle of watering |
| Progressive conditional, present real | mensuw quymay tura esemif I keep on not watering | sensuw quymay tura eseŋif you keep on not watering | olsuw quymay tura eseif he keeps on not watering | bizsuw quymay tura esekif we keep on not watering | sizsuw quymay tura esegizif you all keep on not watering | alasuw quymay tura eseleif they keep on not watering |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | mensuw quydum esemif I watered | sensuw quyduŋ eseŋif you watered | olsuw quydu eseif he watered | bizsuw quyduq esekif we watered | sizsuw quyduğuz esegizif you all watered | alasuw quydula eseleif they watered |
| Conditional, definite past1 | mensuw quymadım esemif I didn't water | sensuw quymadıŋ eseŋif you didn't water | olsuw quymadı eseif he didn't water | bizsuw quymadıq esekif we didn't water | sizsuw quymadığız esegizif you all didn't water | alasuw quymadıla eseleif they didn't water |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | mensuw quyğan esemif I did water (indeed) | sensuw quyğan eseŋif you did water (indeed) | olsuw quyğan eseif he did water (indeed) | bizsuw quyğan esekif we did water (indeed) | sizsuw quyğan esegizif you all did water (indeed) | alasuw quyğan eseleif they did water (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | mensuw quymağan esemif I didn't water (indeed) | sensuw quymağan eseŋif you didn't water (indeed) | olsuw quymağan eseif he didn't water (indeed) | bizsuw quymağan esekif we didn't water (indeed) | sizsuw quymağan esegizif you all didn't water (indeed) | alasuw quymağan eseleif they didn't water (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | mensuw quyğan bolsamif I had watered | sensuw quyğan bolsaŋif you had watered | olsuw quyğan bolsaif he had watered | bizsuw quyğan bolsaqif we had watered | sizsuw quyğan bolsağızif you all had watered | alasuw quyğan bolsalaif they had watered |
| Conditional, counterfactual | mensuw quymağan bolsamif I hadn't watered | sensuw quymağan bolsaŋif you hadn't watered | olsuw quymağan bolsaif he hadn't watered | bizsuw quymağan bolsaqif we hadn't watered | sizsuw quymağan bolsağızif you all hadn't watered | alasuw quymağan bolsalaif they hadn't watered |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mensuw quyğan bolsam edisuw quyğan bolsam edif only I had watered | sensuw quyğan bolsaŋ edisuw quyğan bolsaŋ edif only you had watered | olsuw quyğan bolsa edisuw quyğan bolsaedif only he had watered | bizsuw quyğan bolsaq edisuw quyğan bolsaq edif only we had watered | sizsuw quyğan bolsağız edisuw quyğan bolsağız edif only you all had watered | alasuw quyğan bolsala edisuw quyğan bolsalaedif only they had watered |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mensuw quymağan bolsam edisuw quymağan bolsam edif only I hadn't watered | sensuw quymağan bolsaŋ edisuw quymağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't watered | olsuw quymağan bolsa edisuw quymağan bolsaedif only he hadn't watered | bizsuw quymağan bolsaq edisuw quymağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't watered | sizsuw quymağan bolsağız edisuw quymağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't watered | alasuw quymağan bolsala edisuw quymağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't watered |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | mensuw quyar esemif I will water | sensuw quyar eseŋif you will water | olsuw quyar eseif he will water | bizsuw quyar esekif we will water | sizsuw quyar esegizif you all will water | alasuw quyar eseleif they will water |
| Conditional, aorist | mensuw quymaz esemif I won't water | sensuw quymaz eseŋif you won't water | olsuw quymaz eseif he won't water | bizsuw quymaz esekif we won't water | sizsuw quymaz esegizif you all won't water | alasuw quymaz eseleif they won't water |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | mensuw quyarıq esemif I am going to water | sensuw quyarıq eseŋif you are going to water | olsuw quyarıq eseif he is going to water | bizsuw quyarıq esekif we are going to water | sizsuw quyarıq esegizif you all are going to water | alasuw quyarıq eseleif they are going to water |
| Conditional, future | mensuw quyarıq tül esemif I am not going to water | sensuw quyarıq tül eseŋif you are not going to water | olsuw quyarıq tül eseif he is not going to water | bizsuw quyarıq tül esekif we are not going to water | sizsuw quyarıq tül esegizif you all are not going to water | alasuw quyarıq tül eseleif they are not going to water |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mensuw quyarıq bolsamif I were going to water | sensuw quyarıq bolsaŋif you were going to water | olsuw quyarıq bolsaif he were going to water | bizsuw quyarıq bolsaqif we were going to water | sizsuw quyarıq bolsağızif you all were going to water | alasuw quyarıq bolsalaif they were going to water |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mensuw quymazlıq bolsamif I were not going to water | sensuw quymazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to water | olsuw quymazlıq bolsaif he were not going to water | bizsuw quymazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to water | sizsuw quymazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to water | alasuw quymazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to water |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso suw quyduŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mensuw quya bolurmaI must be watering | sensuw quya bolursayou must be watering | olsuw quya bolurhe must be watering | bizsuw quya bolurbuzwe must be watering | sizsuw quya bolursuzyou all must be watering | alasuw quya bolurlathey must be watering |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mensuw quymay bolurmaI must not be watering | sensuw quymay bolursayou must not be watering | olsuw quymay bolurhe must not be watering | bizsuw quymay bolurbuzwe must not be watering | sizsuw quymay bolursuzyou all must not be watering | alasuw quymay bolurlathey must not be watering |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mensuw quya tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of watering | sensuw quya tura bolursayou must be in the middle of watering | olsuw quya tura bolurhe must be in the middle of watering | bizsuw quya tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of watering | sizsuw quya tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of watering | alasuw quya tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of watering |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mensuw quymay tura bolurmaI must keep on not watering | sensuw quymay tura bolursayou must keep on not watering | olsuw quymay tura bolurhe must keep on not watering | bizsuw quymay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not watering | sizsuw quymay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not watering | alasuw quymay tura bolurlathey must keep on not watering |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | mensuw quyğan bolurmaI must have watered | sensuw quyğan bolursayou must have watered | olsuw quyğan bolurhe must have watered | bizsuw quyğan bolurbuzwe must have watered | sizsuw quyğan bolursuzyou all must have watered | alasuw quyğan bolurlathey must have watered |
| Inference (must have) | mensuw quymağan bolurmaI must not have watered | sensuw quymağan bolursayou must not have watered | olsuw quymağan bolurhe must not have watered | bizsuw quymağan bolurbuzwe must not have watered | sizsuw quymağan bolursuzyou all must not have watered | alasuw quymağan bolurlathey must not have watered |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mensuw quyarıq bolurmaI must be going to water | sensuw quyarıq bolursayou must be going to water | olsuw quyarıq bolurhe must be going to water | bizsuw quyarıq bolurbuzwe must be going to water | sizsuw quyarıq bolursuzyou all must be going to water | alasuw quyarıq bolurlathey must be going to water |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mensuw quymazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to water | sensuw quymazlıq bolursayou must not be going to water | olsuw quymazlıq bolurhe must not be going to water | bizsuw quymazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to water | sizsuw quymazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to water | alasuw quymazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to water |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | mensuw quyayımlet me water | sensuw quy!water! | olsuw quysunlet him water | bizsuw quyayıqlet's water | sizsuw quyuğuz!water, you all! | alasuw quysunlalet them water |
| Commands & suggestions | mensuw quymayımlet me not water | sensuw quyma!don't water! | olsuw quymasınlet him not water | bizsuw quymayıqlet's not water | sizsuw quymağız!don't water, you all! | alasuw quymasınlalet them not water |
| Commands & suggestions | mensuw quyayımmı?shall I water? | olsuw quysunmu?should he water? | bizsuw quyayıqmı?shall we water? | alasuw quysunlamı?should they water? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | mensuw quymayımmı?shall I not water? | olsuw quymasınmı?should he not water? | bizsuw quymayıqmı?shall we not water? | alasuw quymasınlamı?should they not water? | ||
| Requests | sensuw quyçu2suw quyçunplease water | olsuw quysunçudo let him water | sizsuw quyçuğuzplease water (plural/polite) | alasuw quysunlaçıdo let them water | ||
| Requests | sensuw quymaçı2suw quymaçınplease don't water | olsuw quymasınçıdo let him not water | sizsuw quymaçığızplease don't water (plural/polite) | alasuw quymasınlaçıdo let them not water | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sensuw quyğunsuw quyğumay you water | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sensuw quymağınsuw quymağımay you not water | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mensuw quyğay edim suw quyğa edimwould that I watered | sensuw quyğay ediŋ suw quyğa ediŋwould that you watered | olsuw quyğay edi suw quyğa ediwould that he watered | bizsuw quyğay edik suw quyğa edikwould that we watered | sizsuw quyğay edigiz suw quyğa edigizwould that you all watered | alasuw quyğay edile suw quyğa edilewould that they watered |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mensuw quymağay edim suw quymağa edimwould that I did not water | sensuw quymağay ediŋ suw quymağa ediŋwould that you did not water | olsuw quymağay edi suw quymağa ediwould that he did not water | bizsuw quymağay edik suw quymağa edikwould that we did not water | sizsuw quymağay edigiz suw quymağa edigizwould that you all did not water | alasuw quymağay edile suw quymağa edilewould that they did not water |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | mensuw quymağa qoyayımsuw quyma qoyayımlet me allow someone to water | sensuw quymağa qoy!suw quyma qoy!let someone water! | olsuw quymağa qoysunsuw quyma qoysunlet him allow someone to water | bizsuw quymağa qoyayıqsuw quyma qoyayıqlet's allow someone to water | sizsuw quymağa qoyuğuz!suw quyma qoyuğuz!let someone water, you all! | alasuw quymağa qoysunlasuw quyma qoysunlalet them allow someone to water |
| Let someone… (commands) | mensuw quymağa qoymayımsuw quyma qoymayımlet me not allow someone to water | sensuw quymağa qoyma!suw quyma qoyma!don't let someone water! | olsuw quymağa qoymasınsuw quyma qoymasınlet him not allow someone to water | bizsuw quymağa qoymayıqsuw quyma qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to water | sizsuw quymağa qoymağız!suw quyma qoymağız!don't let someone water, you all! | alasuw quymağa qoymasınlasuw quyma qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to water |
| Let someone… (commands) | mensuw quymağa qoyayımmı?suw quyma qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to water? | olsuw quymağa qoysunmu?suw quyma qoysunmu?should he allow someone to water? | bizsuw quymağa qoyayıqmı?suw quyma qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to water? | alasuw quymağa qoysunlamı?suw quyma qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to water? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | mensuw quymağa qoymayımmı?suw quyma qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to water? | olsuw quymağa qoymasınmı?suw quyma qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to water? | bizsuw quymağa qoymayıqmı?suw quyma qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to water? | alasuw quymağa qoymasınlamı?suw quyma qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to water? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | mensuw quymağa qoyamasuw quyma qoyamaI allow someone to water | sensuw quymağa qoyasasuw quyma qoyasayou allow someone to water | olsuw quymağa qoyadısuw quyma qoyadıhe allows someone to water | bizsuw quymağa qoyabızsuw quyma qoyabızwe allow someone to water | sizsuw quymağa qoyasızsuw quyma qoyasızyou all allow someone to water | alasuw quymağa qoyadılasuw quyma qoyadılathey allow someone to water |
| Let someone… (present) | mensuw quymağa qoymaymasuw quyma qoymaymaI don't allow someone to water | sensuw quymağa qoymaysasuw quyma qoymaysayou don't allow someone to water | olsuw quymağa qoymaydısuw quyma qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to water | bizsuw quymağa qoymaybızsuw quyma qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to water | sizsuw quymağa qoymaysızsuw quyma qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to water | alasuw quymağa qoymaydılasuw quyma qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to water |
| Let someone… (present) | mensuw quymağa qoyamamı?suw quyma qoyamamı?do I allow someone to water? | sensuw quymağa qoyamısa?suw quyma qoyamısa?do you allow someone to water? | olsuw quymağa qoyamıdı?suw quyma qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to water? | bizsuw quymağa qoyabızmı?suw quyma qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to water? | sizsuw quymağa qoyamısız?suw quyma qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to water? | alasuw quymağa qoyamıdıla?suw quyma qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to water? |
| Let someone… (present) | mensuw quymağa qoymaymamı?suw quyma qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to water? | sensuw quymağa qoymaymısa?suw quyma qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to water? | olsuw quymağa qoymaymıdı?suw quyma qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to water? | bizsuw quymağa qoymaybızmı?suw quyma qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to water? | sizsuw quymağa qoymaymısız?suw quyma qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to water? | alasuw quymağa qoymaymıdıla?suw quyma qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to water? |
| Let someone… (past) | mensuw quymağa qoydumsuw quyma qoydumI allowed someone to water | sensuw quymağa qoyduŋsuw quyma qoyduŋyou allowed someone to water | olsuw quymağa qoydusuw quyma qoyduhe allowed someone to water | bizsuw quymağa qoyduqsuw quyma qoyduqwe allowed someone to water | sizsuw quymağa qoyduğuzsuw quyma qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to water | alasuw quymağa qoydulasuw quyma qoydulathey allowed someone to water |
| Let someone… (past) | mensuw quymağa qoymadımsuw quyma qoymadımI didn't allow someone to water | sensuw quymağa qoymadıŋsuw quyma qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to water | olsuw quymağa qoymadısuw quyma qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to water | bizsuw quymağa qoymadıqsuw quyma qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to water | sizsuw quymağa qoymadığızsuw quyma qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to water | alasuw quymağa qoymadılasuw quyma qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to water |
| Let someone… (past) | mensuw quymağa qoydummu?suw quyma qoydummu?did I allow someone to water? | sensuw quymağa qoyduŋmu?suw quyma qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to water? | olsuw quymağa qoydumu?suw quyma qoydumu?did he allow someone to water? | bizsuw quymağa qoyduqmu?suw quyma qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to water? | sizsuw quymağa qoyduğuzmu?suw quyma qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to water? | alasuw quymağa qoydulamı?suw quyma qoydulamı?did they allow someone to water? |
| Let someone… (past) | mensuw quymağa qoymadımmı?suw quyma qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to water? | sensuw quymağa qoymadıŋmı?suw quyma qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to water? | olsuw quymağa qoymadımı?suw quyma qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to water? | bizsuw quymağa qoymadıqmı?suw quyma qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to water? | sizsuw quymağa qoymadığızmı?suw quyma qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to water? | alasuw quymağa qoymadılamı?suw quyma qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to water? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | mensuw quyalamaI can water | sensuw quyalasayou can water | olsuw quyaladıhe can water | bizsuw quyalabızwe can water | sizsuw quyalasızyou all can water | alasuw quyaladılathey can water |
| Ability — present | mensuw quyalmaymaI can't water | sensuw quyalmaysayou can't water | olsuw quyalmaydıhe can't water | bizsuw quyalmaybızwe can't water | sizsuw quyalmaysızyou all can't water | alasuw quyalmaydılathey can't water |
| Ability — present | mensuw quyalamamı? suw quyalamıma?can I water? | sensuw quyalamısa?can you water? | olsuw quyalamıdı?can he water? | bizsuw quyalabızmı? suw quyalamıbız?can we water? | sizsuw quyalamısız?can you all water? | alasuw quyalamıdıla?can they water? |
| Ability — present | mensuw quyalmaymamı? suw quyalmaymıma?can't I water? | sensuw quyalmaymısa?can't you water? | olsuw quyalmaymıdı?can't he water? | bizsuw quyalmaybızmı? suw quyalmaymıbız?can't we water? | sizsuw quyalmaymısız?can't you all water? | alasuw quyalmaymıdıla?can't they water? |
| Ability — if I can… | mensuw quyalsamif I can water | sensuw quyalsaŋif you can water | olsuw quyalsaif he can water | bizsuw quyalsaqif we can water | sizsuw quyalsağızif you all can water | alasuw quyalsalaif they can water |
| Ability — if I can… | mensuw quyalmasamif I can't water | sensuw quyalmasaŋif you can't water | olsuw quyalmasaif he can't water | bizsuw quyalmasaqif we can't water | sizsuw quyalmasağızif you all can't water | alasuw quyalmasalaif they can't water |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | mensuw quyaldımI was able to water | sensuw quyaldıŋyou were able to water | olsuw quyaldıhe was able to water | bizsuw quyaldıqwe were able to water | sizsuw quyaldığızyou all were able to water | alasuw quyaldılathey were able to water |
| Ability — simple past | mensuw quyalmadımI could not water | sensuw quyalmadıŋyou could not water | olsuw quyalmadıhe could not water | bizsuw quyalmadıqwe could not water | sizsuw quyalmadığızyou all could not water | alasuw quyalmadılathey could not water |
| Ability — simple past | mensuw quyaldımmı?was I able to water? | sensuw quyaldıŋmı?were you able to water? | olsuw quyaldımı?was he able to water? | bizsuw quyaldıqmı?were we able to water? | sizsuw quyaldığızmı?were you all able to water? | alasuw quyaldılamı?were they able to water? |
| Ability — simple past | mensuw quyalmadımmı?couldn't I water? | sensuw quyalmadıŋmı?couldn't you water? | olsuw quyalmadımı?couldn't he water? | bizsuw quyalmadıqmı?couldn't we water? | sizsuw quyalmadığızmı?couldn't you all water? | alasuw quyalmadılamı?couldn't they water? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensuw quyalğanmaI have been able to water | sensuw quyalğansayou have been able to water | olsuw quyalğandıhe has been able to water | bizsuw quyalğanbızwe have been able to water | sizsuw quyalğansızyou all have been able to water | alasuw quyalğandılathey have been able to water |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensuw quyalmağanmaI haven't been able to water | sensuw quyalmağansayou haven't been able to water | olsuw quyalmağandıhe hasn't been able to water | bizsuw quyalmağanbızwe haven't been able to water | sizsuw quyalmağansızyou all haven't been able to water | alasuw quyalmağandılathey haven't been able to water |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensuw quyalğanmamı? suw quyalğanmıma?have I been able to water? | sensuw quyalğanmısa?have you been able to water? | olsuw quyalğanmıdı?has he been able to water? | bizsuw quyalğanbızmı? suw quyalğanmıbız?have we been able to water? | sizsuw quyalğanmısız?have you all been able to water? | alasuw quyalğanmıdıla?have they been able to water? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensuw quyalmağanmamı? suw quyalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to water? | sensuw quyalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to water? | olsuw quyalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to water? | bizsuw quyalmağanbızmı? suw quyalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to water? | sizsuw quyalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to water? | alasuw quyalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to water? |
| Ability — past perfect | mensuw quyalğan edimsuw quyalğanemI had been able to water | sensuw quyalğan ediŋsuw quyalğaneŋyou had been able to water | olsuw quyalğan edisuw quyalğanedhe had been able to water | bizsuw quyalğan ediksuw quyalğanekwe had been able to water | sizsuw quyalğan edigizsuw quyalğanegizyou all had been able to water | alasuw quyalğan edilesuw quyalğanellethey had been able to water |
| Ability — past perfect | mensuw quyalmağan edimsuw quyalmağanemI hadn't been able to water | sensuw quyalmağan ediŋsuw quyalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to water | olsuw quyalmağan edisuw quyalmağanedhe hadn't been able to water | bizsuw quyalmağan ediksuw quyalmağanekwe hadn't been able to water | sizsuw quyalmağan edigizsuw quyalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to water | alasuw quyalmağan edilesuw quyalmağanellethey hadn't been able to water |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | mensuw quyala edimsuw quyalaemI could water | sensuw quyala ediŋsuw quyalaeŋyou could water | olsuw quyala edisuw quyalaedhe could water | bizsuw quyala ediksuw quyalaekwe could water | sizsuw quyala edigizsuw quyalaegizyou all could water | alasuw quyala edilesuw quyalaellethey could water |
| Ability — past background | mensuw quyalmay edimsuw quyalmayemI could not water | sensuw quyalmay ediŋsuw quyalmayeŋyou could not water | olsuw quyalmay edisuw quyalmayedhe could not water | bizsuw quyalmay ediksuw quyalmayekwe could not water | sizsuw quyalmay edigizsuw quyalmayegizyou all could not water | alasuw quyalmay edilesuw quyalmayellethey could not water |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | mensuw quyalırmaI will be able to water | sensuw quyalırsayou will be able to water | olsuw quyalırhe will be able to water | bizsuw quyalırbızwe will be able to water | sizsuw quyalırsızyou all will be able to water | alasuw quyalırlathey will be able to water |
| Ability — future I | mensuw quyalmazmaI won't be able to water | sensuw quyalmazsayou won't be able to water | olsuw quyalmazhe won't be able to water | bizsuw quyalmazbızwe won't be able to water | sizsuw quyalmazsızyou all won't be able to water | alasuw quyalmazlathey won't be able to water |
| Ability — future I | mensuw quyalırmamı? suw quyalırmıma?will I be able to water? | sensuw quyalırmısa?will you be able to water? | olsuw quyalırmı?will he be able to water? | bizsuw quyalırbızmı? suw quyalırmıbız?will we be able to water? | sizsuw quyalırmısız?will you all be able to water? | alasuw quyalırlamı? suw quyalırmıla?will they be able to water? |
| Ability — future I | mensuw quyalmazmamı? suw quyalmazmıma?won't I be able to water? | sensuw quyalmazmısa?won't you be able to water? | olsuw quyalmazmı?won't he be able to water? | bizsuw quyalmazbızmı? suw quyalmazmıbız?won't we be able to water? | sizsuw quyalmazmısız?won't you all be able to water? | alasuw quyalmazlamı? suw quyalmazmıla?won't they be able to water? |
| Ability — future II | mensuw quyallıqmaI am going to be able to water | sensuw quyallıqsayou are going to be able to water | olsuw quyallıqdıhe is going to be able to water | bizsuw quyallıqbızwe are going to be able to water | sizsuw quyallıqsızyou all are going to be able to water | alasuw quyallıqdılathey are going to be able to water |
| Ability — future II | mensuw quyallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to water | sensuw quyallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to water | olsuw quyallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to water | bizsuw quyallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to water | sizsuw quyallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to water | alasuw quyallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to water |
| Ability — future II | mensuw quyallıqmamı? suw quyallıqmıma?am I going to be able to water? | sensuw quyallıqmısa?are you going to be able to water? | olsuw quyallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to water? | bizsuw quyallıqbızmı? suw quyallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to water? | sizsuw quyallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to water? | alasuw quyallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to water? |
| Ability — future II | mensuw quyallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to water? | sensuw quyallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to water? | olsuw quyallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to water? | bizsuw quyallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to water? | sizsuw quyallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to water? | alasuw quyallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to water? |
| Ability — would be able to… | mensuw quyalır edimsuw quyalır emI would be able to water | sensuw quyalır ediŋsuw quyalır eŋyou would be able to water | olsuw quyalır edisuw quyalır edhe would be able to water | bizsuw quyalır ediksuw quyalır ekwe would be able to water | sizsuw quyalır edigizsuw quyalır egizyou all would be able to water | alasuw quyalır edilesuw quyalır ellethey would be able to water |
| Ability — would be able to… | mensuw quyalmaz edimsuw quyalmaz emI wouldn't be able to water | sensuw quyalmaz ediŋsuw quyalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to water | olsuw quyalmaz edisuw quyalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to water | bizsuw quyalmaz ediksuw quyalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to water | sizsuw quyalmaz edigizsuw quyalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to water | alasuw quyalmaz edilesuw quyalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to water |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sensuw quyalğınsuw quyalğımay you be able to water | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sensuw quyalmağınsuw quyalmağımay you not be able to water | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | mensuw quyarğa izleymeI want to water | sensuw quyarğa izleyseyou want to water | olsuw quyarğa izleydihe wants to water | bizsuw quyarğa izleybizwe want to water | sizsuw quyarğa izleysizyou all want to water | alasuw quyarğa izleydilethey want to water |
| want to | mensuw quyarğa izlemeymeI do not want to water | sensuw quyarğa izlemeyseyou do not want to water | olsuw quyarğa izlemeydihe does not want to water | bizsuw quyarğa izlemeybizwe do not want to water | sizsuw quyarğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to water | alasuw quyarğa izlemeydilethey do not want to water |
| would like to | mensuw quyarğa süemeI would like to water | sensuw quyarğa süeseyou would like to water | olsuw quyarğa süedihe would like to water | bizsuw quyarğa süebizwe would like to water | sizsuw quyarğa süesizyou all would like to water | alasuw quyarğa süedilethey would like to water |
| would like to | mensuw quyarğa süymeymeI would not like to water | sensuw quyarğa süymeyseyou would not like to water | olsuw quyarğa süymeydihe would not like to water | bizsuw quyarğa süymeybizwe would not like to water | sizsuw quyarğa süymeysizyou all would not like to water | alasuw quyarğa süymeydilethey would not like to water |
| hope to | mensuw quyarğa umutlanamaI hope to water | sensuw quyarğa umutlanasayou hope to water | olsuw quyarğa umutlanadıhe hopes to water | bizsuw quyarğa umutlanabızwe hope to water | sizsuw quyarğa umutlanasızyou all hope to water | alasuw quyarğa umutlanadılathey hope to water |
| hope to | mensuw quyarğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to water | sensuw quyarğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to water | olsuw quyarğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to water | bizsuw quyarğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to water | sizsuw quyarğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to water | alasuw quyarğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to water |
| be about to | mensuw quyarğa deb turamaI am about to water | sensuw quyarğa deb turasayou are about to water | olsuw quyarğa deb turadıhe is about to water | bizsuw quyarğa deb turabızwe are about to water | sizsuw quyarğa deb turasızyou all are about to water | alasuw quyarğa deb turadılathey are about to water |
| be about to | mensuw quyarğa deb turmaymaI am not about to water | sensuw quyarğa deb turmaysayou are not about to water | olsuw quyarğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to water | bizsuw quyarğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to water | sizsuw quyarğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to water | alasuw quyarğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to water |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | mensuw quyarğa kerekmeI need to water | sensuw quyarğa kerekseyou need to water | olsuw quyarğa kerekdihe needs to water | bizsuw quyarğa kerekbizwe need to water | sizsuw quyarğa kereksizyou all need to water | alasuw quyarğa kerekdilethey need to water |
| need to | mensuw quyarğa kerek tülmeI do not need to water | sensuw quyarğa kerek tülseyou do not need to water | olsuw quyarğa kerek tüldühe does not need to water | bizsuw quyarğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to water | sizsuw quyarğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to water | alasuw quyarğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to water |
| have to | menmenŋe suw quyarğa tüşediI have to water | sensenŋe suw quyarğa tüşediyou have to water | olaŋa suw quyarğa tüşedihe has to water | bizbizge suw quyarğa tüşediwe have to water | sizsizge suw quyarğa tüşediyou all have to water | alaalağa suw quyarğa tüşedithey have to water |
| have to | menmenŋe suw quyarğa tüşmeydiI do not have to water | sensenŋe suw quyarğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to water | olaŋa suw quyarğa tüşmeydihe does not have to water | bizbizge suw quyarğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to water | sizsizge suw quyarğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to water | alaalağa suw quyarğa tüşmeydithey do not have to water |
| be obliged to | mensuw quyarğa borçlumaI am obliged to water | sensuw quyarğa borçlusayou are obliged to water | olsuw quyarğa borçluduhe is obliged to water | bizsuw quyarğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to water | sizsuw quyarğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to water | alasuw quyarğa borçludulathey are obliged to water |
| be obliged to | mensuw quyarğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to water | sensuw quyarğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to water | olsuw quyarğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to water | bizsuw quyarğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to water | sizsuw quyarğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to water | alasuw quyarğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to water |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | mensuw quyarğa madarım bardıI have a way to water | sensuw quyarğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to water | olsuw quyarğa madarı bardıhe has a way to water | bizsuw quyarğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to water | sizsuw quyarğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to water | alasuw quyarğa madarları bardıthey have a way to water |
| have a way to | mensuw quyarğa madarım joqduI have no way to water | sensuw quyarğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to water | olsuw quyarğa madarı joqduhe has no way to water | bizsuw quyarğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to water | sizsuw quyarğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to water | alasuw quyarğa madarları joqduthey have no way to water |
| be free to | mensuw quyarğa erkinligim bardıI am free to water | sensuw quyarğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to water | olsuw quyarğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to water | bizsuw quyarğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to water | sizsuw quyarğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to water | alasuw quyarğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to water |
| be free to | mensuw quyarğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to water | sensuw quyarğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to water | olsuw quyarğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to water | bizsuw quyarğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to water | sizsuw quyarğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to water | alasuw quyarğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to water |
| be possible to | menmenŋe suw quyarğa bolluqduit is possible for me to water | sensenŋe suw quyarğa bolluqduit is possible for you to water | olaŋa suw quyarğa bolluqduit is possible for him to water | bizbizge suw quyarğa bolluqduit is possible for us to water | sizsizge suw quyarğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to water | alaalağa suw quyarğa bolluqduit is possible for them to water |
| be possible to | menmenŋe suw quyarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to water | sensenŋe suw quyarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to water | olaŋa suw quyarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to water | bizbizge suw quyarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to water | sizsizge suw quyarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to water | alaalağa suw quyarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to water |
| be ready to | mensuw quyarğa hazırmaI am ready to water | sensuw quyarğa hazırsayou are ready to water | olsuw quyarğa hazırdıhe is ready to water | bizsuw quyarğa hazırbızwe are ready to water | sizsuw quyarğa hazırsızyou all are ready to water | alasuw quyarğa hazırdılathey are ready to water |
| be ready to | mensuw quyarğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to water | sensuw quyarğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to water | olsuw quyarğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to water | bizsuw quyarğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to water | sizsuw quyarğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to water | alasuw quyarğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to water |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | mensuw quyarğa küreşemeI am trying to water | sensuw quyarğa küreşeseyou are trying to water | olsuw quyarğa küreşedihe is trying to water | bizsuw quyarğa küreşebizwe are trying to water | sizsuw quyarğa küreşesizyou all are trying to water | alasuw quyarğa küreşedilethey are trying to water |
| try to | mensuw quyarğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to water | sensuw quyarğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to water | olsuw quyarğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to water | bizsuw quyarğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to water | sizsuw quyarğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to water | alasuw quyarğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to water |
| agree to | mensuw quyarğa unaymaI agree to water | sensuw quyarğa unaysayou agree to water | olsuw quyarğa unaydıhe agrees to water | bizsuw quyarğa unaybızwe agree to water | sizsuw quyarğa unaysızyou all agree to water | alasuw quyarğa unaydılathey agree to water |
| agree to | mensuw quyarğa unamaymaI refuse to water | sensuw quyarğa unamaysayou refuse to water | olsuw quyarğa unamaydıhe refuses to water | bizsuw quyarğa unamaybızwe refuse to water | sizsuw quyarğa unamaysızyou all refuse to water | alasuw quyarğa unamaydılathey refuse to water |
| hurry to | mensuw quyarğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to water | sensuw quyarğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to water | olsuw quyarğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to water | bizsuw quyarğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to water | sizsuw quyarğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to water | alasuw quyarğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to water |
| hurry to | mensuw quyarğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to water | sensuw quyarğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to water | olsuw quyarğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to water | bizsuw quyarğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to water | sizsuw quyarğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to water | alasuw quyarğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to water |
| be afraid to | mensuw quyarğa qorqamaI am afraid to water | sensuw quyarğa qorqasayou are afraid to water | olsuw quyarğa qorqadıhe is afraid to water | bizsuw quyarğa qorqabızwe are afraid to water | sizsuw quyarğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to water | alasuw quyarğa qorqadılathey are afraid to water |
| be afraid to | mensuw quyarğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to water | sensuw quyarğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to water | olsuw quyarğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to water | bizsuw quyarğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to water | sizsuw quyarğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to water | alasuw quyarğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to water |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | mensuw quya bolmazmaI can't be watering | sensuw quya bolmazsayou can't be watering | olsuw quya bolmazhe can't be watering | bizsuw quya bolmazbızwe can't be watering | sizsuw quya bolmazsızyou all can't be watering | alasuw quya bolmazlathey can't be watering |
| Inference, present — double negation | mensuw quymay bolmazmaI must be watering (emphatic) | sensuw quymay bolmazsayou must be watering (emphatic) | olsuw quymay bolmazhe must be watering (emphatic) | bizsuw quymay bolmazbızwe must be watering (emphatic) | sizsuw quymay bolmazsızyou all must be watering (emphatic) | alasuw quymay bolmazlathey must be watering (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | mensuw quya turmasamif I don't keep watering | sensuw quya turmasaŋif you don't keep watering | olsuw quya turmasaif he doesn't keep watering | bizsuw quya turmasaqif we don't keep watering | sizsuw quya turmasağızif you all don't keep watering | alasuw quya turmasalaif they don't keep watering |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | mensuw quya tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of watering | sensuw quya tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of watering | olsuw quya tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of watering | bizsuw quya tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of watering | sizsuw quya tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of watering | alasuw quya tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of watering |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | mensuw quymay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not watering (emphatic) | sensuw quymay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not watering (emphatic) | olsuw quymay tura bolmazhe must keep on not watering (emphatic) | bizsuw quymay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not watering (emphatic) | sizsuw quymay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not watering (emphatic) | alasuw quymay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not watering (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | mensuw quymay turamaI keep on not watering | sensuw quymay turasayou keep on not watering | olsuw quymay turadıhe keeps on not watering | bizsuw quymay turabızwe keep on not watering | sizsuw quymay turasızyou all keep on not watering | alasuw quymay turadılathey keep on not watering |
| Progressive — double negation | mensuw quymay turmaymaI am not keeping on not watering | sensuw quymay turmaysayou are not keeping on not watering | olsuw quymay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not watering | bizsuw quymay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not watering | sizsuw quymay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not watering | alasuw quymay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not watering |
| Progressive — double negation | mensuw quymay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not watering? | sensuw quymay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not watering? | olsuw quymay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not watering? | bizsuw quymay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not watering? | sizsuw quymay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not watering? | alasuw quymay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not watering? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | mensuw quyğan bolmazmaI can't have watered | sensuw quyğan bolmazsayou can't have watered | olsuw quyğan bolmazhe can't have watered | bizsuw quyğan bolmazbızwe can't have watered | sizsuw quyğan bolmazsızyou all can't have watered | alasuw quyğan bolmazlathey can't have watered |
| Inference — double negation | mensuw quymağan bolmazmaI must have watered (emphatic) | sensuw quymağan bolmazsayou must have watered (emphatic) | olsuw quymağan bolmazhe must have watered (emphatic) | bizsuw quymağan bolmazbızwe must have watered (emphatic) | sizsuw quymağan bolmazsızyou all must have watered (emphatic) | alasuw quymağan bolmazlathey must have watered (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | mensuw quyğan bolmasamif it weren't that I had watered | sensuw quyğan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had watered | olsuw quyğan bolmasaif it weren't that he had watered | bizsuw quyğan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had watered | sizsuw quyğan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had watered | alasuw quyğan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had watered |
| Counterfactual — double negation | mensuw quymağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't watered | sensuw quymağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't watered | olsuw quymağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't watered | bizsuw quymağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't watered | sizsuw quymağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't watered | alasuw quymağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't watered |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | mensuw quyarıq bolmazmaI can't be going to water | sensuw quyarıq bolmazsayou can't be going to water | olsuw quyarıq bolmazhe can't be going to water | bizsuw quyarıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to water | sizsuw quyarıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to water | alasuw quyarıq bolmazlathey can't be going to water |
| Inference, future — double negation | mensuw quymazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to water (emphatic) | sensuw quymazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to water (emphatic) | olsuw quymazlıq bolmazhe must be going to water (emphatic) | bizsuw quymazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to water (emphatic) | sizsuw quymazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to water (emphatic) | alasuw quymazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to water (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | mensuw quyarıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to water | sensuw quyarıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to water | olsuw quyarıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to water | bizsuw quyarıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to water | sizsuw quyarıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to water | alasuw quyarıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to water |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | mensuw quymazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to water | sensuw quymazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to water | olsuw quymazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to water | bizsuw quymazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to water | sizsuw quymazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to water | alasuw quymazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to water |