solumlarğa
/solumlarʁa/
graze on rich pasture, graze on the best grass
- qoyla solumlaydıla — the sheep are grazing on rich pasture
- iynekle iŋirge deri solumladıla — the cows grazed on rich pasture until evening
- atla tawda solumlağandıla — the horses have grazed on rich pasture in the mountains
- malla solumlab otlaydıla — the cattle graze on the best grass
Conjugation
Common forms
- solumlaydıhe is grazing
- solumladıhe grazed
- solumlağandıhe has grazed
- solumlarhe will graze
- solumlarıqdıhe is going to graze
- solumlay edihe was grazing
- solumlasaif he grazes
- solumla!graze!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensolumlaymaI am grazing | sensolumlaysayou are grazing | olsolumlaydıhe is grazing | bizsolumlaybızwe are grazing | sizsolumlaysızyou all are grazing | alasolumlaydılathey are grazing |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensolumlamaymaI am not grazing | sensolumlamaysayou are not grazing | olsolumlamaydıhe is not grazing | bizsolumlamaybızwe are not grazing | sizsolumlamaysızyou all are not grazing | alasolumlamaydılathey are not grazing |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensolumlaymamı? solumlaymıma?am I grazing? | sensolumlaymısa?are you grazing? | olsolumlaymıdı?is he grazing? | bizsolumlaybızmı? solumlaymıbız?are we grazing? | sizsolumlaymısız?are you all grazing? | alasolumlaymıdıla?are they grazing? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | mensolumlamaymamı? solumlamaymıma?aren't I grazing? | sensolumlamaymısa?aren't you grazing? | olsolumlamaymıdı?isn't he grazing? | bizsolumlamaybızmı? solumlamaymıbız?aren't we grazing? | sizsolumlamaymısız?aren't you all grazing? | alasolumlamaymıdıla?aren't they grazing? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensolumlawçanmaI usually graze | sensolumlawçansayou usually graze | olsolumlawçandıhe usually grazes | bizsolumlawçanbızwe usually graze | sizsolumlawçansızyou all usually graze | alasolumlawçandılathey usually graze |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensolumlamawçanmaI usually don't graze | sensolumlamawçansayou usually don't graze | olsolumlamawçandıhe usually doesn't graze | bizsolumlamawçanbızwe usually don't graze | sizsolumlamawçansızyou all usually don't graze | alasolumlamawçandılathey usually don't graze |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensolumlawçanmamı? solumlawçanmıma?do I usually graze? | sensolumlawçanmısa?do you usually graze? | olsolumlawçanmıdı?does he usually graze? | bizsolumlawçanbızmı? solumlawçanmıbız?do we usually graze? | sizsolumlawçanmısız?do you all usually graze? | alasolumlawçanmıdıla?do they usually graze? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | mensolumlamawçanmamı? solumlamawçanmıma?do I usually not graze? | sensolumlamawçanmısa?do you usually not graze? | olsolumlamawçanmıdı?does he usually not graze? | bizsolumlamawçanbızmı? solumlamawçanmıbız?do we usually not graze? | sizsolumlamawçanmısız?do you all usually not graze? | alasolumlamawçanmıdıla?do they usually not graze? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olsolumlabdıhe has grazed and remains so | alasolumlabdılathey have grazed and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olsolumlabmıdı?has he grazed? | alasolumlabmıdıla?have they grazed? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensolumlab turamaI keep grazing | sensolumlab turasayou keep grazing | olsolumlab turadıhe keeps grazing | bizsolumlab turabızwe keep grazing | sizsolumlab turasızyou all keep grazing | alasolumlab turadılathey keep grazing |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensolumlab turmaymaI don't keep grazing | sensolumlab turmaysayou don't keep grazing | olsolumlab turmaydıhe doesn't keep grazing | bizsolumlab turmaybızwe don't keep grazing | sizsolumlab turmaysızyou all don't keep grazing | alasolumlab turmaydılathey don't keep grazing |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensolumlab turamamı? solumlab turamıma?do I keep grazing? | sensolumlab turamısa?do you keep grazing? | olsolumlab turamıdı?does he keep grazing? | bizsolumlab turabızmı? solumlab turamıbız?do we keep grazing? | sizsolumlab turamısız?do you all keep grazing? | alasolumlab turamıdıla?do they keep grazing? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | mensolumlab turmaymamı? solumlab turmaymıma?don't I keep grazing? | sensolumlab turmaymısa?don't you keep grazing? | olsolumlab turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep grazing? | bizsolumlab turmaybızmı? solumlab turmaymıbız?don't we keep grazing? | sizsolumlab turmaymısız?don't you all keep grazing? | alasolumlab turmaymıdıla?don't they keep grazing? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensolumlay turamaI am in the middle of grazing | sensolumlay turasayou are in the middle of grazing | olsolumlay turadıhe is in the middle of grazing | bizsolumlay turabızwe are in the middle of grazing | sizsolumlay turasızyou all are in the middle of grazing | alasolumlay turadılathey are in the middle of grazing |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensolumlay turmaymaI am not in the middle of grazing | sensolumlay turmaysayou are not in the middle of grazing | olsolumlay turmaydıhe is not in the middle of grazing | bizsolumlay turmaybızwe are not in the middle of grazing | sizsolumlay turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of grazing | alasolumlay turmaydılathey are not in the middle of grazing |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensolumlay turamamı? solumlay turamıma?am I in the middle of grazing? | sensolumlay turamısa?are you in the middle of grazing? | olsolumlay turamıdı?is he in the middle of grazing? | bizsolumlay turabızmı? solumlay turamıbız?are we in the middle of grazing? | sizsolumlay turamısız?are you all in the middle of grazing? | alasolumlay turamıdıla?are they in the middle of grazing? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | mensolumlay turmaymamı? solumlay turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of grazing? | sensolumlay turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of grazing? | olsolumlay turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of grazing? | bizsolumlay turmaybızmı? solumlay turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of grazing? | sizsolumlay turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of grazing? | alasolumlay turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of grazing? |
| Simple past (definite) | mensolumladımI grazed | sensolumladıŋyou grazed | olsolumladıhe grazed | bizsolumladıqwe grazed | sizsolumladığızyou all grazed | alasolumladılathey grazed |
| Simple past (definite) | mensolumlamadımI didn't graze | sensolumlamadıŋyou didn't graze | olsolumlamadıhe didn't graze | bizsolumlamadıqwe didn't graze | sizsolumlamadığızyou all didn't graze | alasolumlamadılathey didn't graze |
| Simple past (definite) | mensolumladımmı?did I graze? | sensolumladıŋmı?did you graze? | olsolumladımı?did he graze? | bizsolumladıqmı?did we graze? | sizsolumladığızmı?did you all graze? | alasolumladılamı?did they graze? |
| Simple past (definite) | mensolumlamadımmı?didn't I graze? | sensolumlamadıŋmı?didn't you graze? | olsolumlamadımı?didn't he graze? | bizsolumlamadıqmı?didn't we graze? | sizsolumlamadığızmı?didn't you all graze? | alasolumlamadılamı?didn't they graze? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensolumlağanmaI have grazed | sensolumlağansayou have grazed | olsolumlağandıhe has grazed | bizsolumlağanbızwe have grazed | sizsolumlağansızyou all have grazed | alasolumlağandılathey have grazed |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensolumlamağanmaI haven't grazed | sensolumlamağansayou haven't grazed | olsolumlamağandıhe hasn't grazed | bizsolumlamağanbızwe haven't grazed | sizsolumlamağansızyou all haven't grazed | alasolumlamağandılathey haven't grazed |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensolumlağanmamı? solumlağanmıma?have I grazed? | sensolumlağanmısa?have you grazed? | olsolumlağanmıdı?has he grazed? | bizsolumlağanbızmı? solumlağanmıbız?have we grazed? | sizsolumlağanmısız?have you all grazed? | alasolumlağanmıdıla?have they grazed? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | mensolumlamağanmamı? solumlamağanmıma?haven't I grazed? | sensolumlamağanmısa?haven't you grazed? | olsolumlamağanmıdı?hasn't he grazed? | bizsolumlamağanbızmı? solumlamağanmıbız?haven't we grazed? | sizsolumlamağanmısız?haven't you all grazed? | alasolumlamağanmıdıla?haven't they grazed? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mensolumlab turdumI kept grazing | sensolumlab turduŋyou kept grazing | olsolumlab turduhe kept grazing | bizsolumlab turduqwe kept grazing | sizsolumlab turduğuzyou all kept grazing | alasolumlab turdulathey kept grazing |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | mensolumlab turmadımI didn't keep grazing | sensolumlab turmadıŋyou didn't keep grazing | olsolumlab turmadıhe didn't keep grazing | bizsolumlab turmadıqwe didn't keep grazing | sizsolumlab turmadığızyou all didn't keep grazing | alasolumlab turmadılathey didn't keep grazing |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensolumlarmaI will graze | sensolumlarsayou will graze | olsolumlarhe will graze | bizsolumlarbızwe will graze | sizsolumlarsızyou all will graze | alasolumlarlathey will graze |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensolumlamazmaI won't graze | sensolumlamazsayou won't graze | olsolumlamazhe won't graze | bizsolumlamazbızwe won't graze | sizsolumlamazsızyou all won't graze | alasolumlamazlathey won't graze |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensolumlarmamı? solumlarmıma?will I graze? | sensolumlarmısa?will you graze? | olsolumlarmı?will he graze? | bizsolumlarbızmı? solumlarmıbız?will we graze? | sizsolumlarmısız?will you all graze? | alasolumlarlamı? solumlarmıla?will they graze? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | mensolumlamazmamı? solumlamazmıma?won't I graze? | sensolumlamazmısa?won't you graze? | olsolumlamazmı?won't he graze? | bizsolumlamazbızmı? solumlamazmıbız?won't we graze? | sizsolumlamazmısız?won't you all graze? | alasolumlamazlamı? solumlamazmıla?won't they graze? |
| Definite future (future II) | mensolumlarıqmaI am going to graze | sensolumlarıqsayou are going to graze | olsolumlarıqdıhe is going to graze | bizsolumlarıqbızwe are going to graze | sizsolumlarıqsızyou all are going to graze | alasolumlarıqdılathey are going to graze |
| Definite future (future II) | mensolumlarıq tülmeI am not going to graze | sensolumlarıq tülseyou are not going to graze | olsolumlarıq tüldühe is not going to graze | bizsolumlarıq tülbüzwe are not going to graze | sizsolumlarıq tülsüzyou all are not going to graze | alasolumlarıq tüldülethey are not going to graze |
| Definite future (future II) | mensolumlarıqmamı? solumlarıqmıma?am I going to graze? | sensolumlarıqmısa?are you going to graze? | olsolumlarıqmıdı?is he going to graze? | bizsolumlarıqbızmı? solumlarıqmıbız?are we going to graze? | sizsolumlarıqmısız?are you all going to graze? | alasolumlarıqmıdıla?are they going to graze? |
| Definite future (future II) | mensolumlarıq tülmüme?aren't I going to graze? | sensolumlarıq tülmüse?aren't you going to graze? | olsolumlarıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to graze? | bizsolumlarıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to graze? | sizsolumlarıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to graze? | alasolumlarıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to graze? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mensolumlağan edimsolumlağanemI had grazed | sensolumlağan ediŋsolumlağaneŋyou had grazed | olsolumlağan edisolumlağanedhe had grazed | bizsolumlağan ediksolumlağanekwe had grazed | sizsolumlağan edigizsolumlağanegizyou all had grazed | alasolumlağan edilesolumlağanellethey had grazed |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | mensolumlamağan edimsolumlamağanemI hadn't grazed | sensolumlamağan ediŋsolumlamağaneŋyou hadn't grazed | olsolumlamağan edisolumlamağanedhe hadn't grazed | bizsolumlamağan ediksolumlamağanekwe hadn't grazed | sizsolumlamağan edigizsolumlamağanegizyou all hadn't grazed | alasolumlamağan edilesolumlamağanellethey hadn't grazed |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mensolumlay edimsolumlayemI was grazing | sensolumlay ediŋsolumlayeŋyou were grazing | olsolumlay edisolumlayedhe was grazing | bizsolumlay ediksolumlayekwe were grazing | sizsolumlay edigizsolumlayegizyou all were grazing | alasolumlay edilesolumlayellethey were grazing |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | mensolumlamay edimsolumlamayemI wasn't grazing | sensolumlamay ediŋsolumlamayeŋyou weren't grazing | olsolumlamay edisolumlamayedhe wasn't grazing | bizsolumlamay ediksolumlamayekwe weren't grazing | sizsolumlamay edigizsolumlamayegizyou all weren't grazing | alasolumlamay edilesolumlamayellethey weren't grazing |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | mensolumlawçan edimsolumlawçanemI used to graze | sensolumlawçan ediŋsolumlawçaneŋyou used to graze | olsolumlawçan edisolumlawçanedhe used to graze | bizsolumlawçan ediksolumlawçanekwe used to graze | sizsolumlawçan edigizsolumlawçanegizyou all used to graze | alasolumlawçan edilesolumlawçanellethey used to graze |
| Habitual past (used to) | mensolumlamawçan edimsolumlamawçanemI didn't use to graze | sensolumlamawçan ediŋsolumlamawçaneŋyou didn't use to graze | olsolumlamawçan edisolumlamawçanedhe didn't use to graze | bizsolumlamawçan ediksolumlamawçanekwe didn't use to graze | sizsolumlamawçan edigizsolumlamawçanegizyou all didn't use to graze | alasolumlamawçan edilesolumlamawçanellethey didn't use to graze |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olsolumlab edihe had grazed and remained so | alasolumlab edilethey had grazed and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olsolumlab tül edihe hadn't grazed | alasolumlab tül edilethey hadn't grazed | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mensolumlab tura edimsolumlab turaemI had kept grazing | sensolumlab tura ediŋsolumlab turaeŋyou had kept grazing | olsolumlab tura edisolumlab turaedhe had kept grazing | bizsolumlab tura ediksolumlab turaekwe had kept grazing | sizsolumlab tura edigizsolumlab turaegizyou all had kept grazing | alasolumlab tura edilesolumlab turaellethey had kept grazing |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | mensolumlab turmay edimsolumlab turmayemI hadn't kept grazing | sensolumlab turmay ediŋsolumlab turmayeŋyou hadn't kept grazing | olsolumlab turmay edisolumlab turmayedhe hadn't kept grazing | bizsolumlab turmay ediksolumlab turmayekwe hadn't kept grazing | sizsolumlab turmay edigizsolumlab turmayegizyou all hadn't kept grazing | alasolumlab turmay edilesolumlab turmayellethey hadn't kept grazing |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mensolumlay tura edimsolumlay turaemI was in the middle of grazing | sensolumlay tura ediŋsolumlay turaeŋyou were in the middle of grazing | olsolumlay tura edisolumlay turaedhe was in the middle of grazing | bizsolumlay tura ediksolumlay turaekwe were in the middle of grazing | sizsolumlay tura edigizsolumlay turaegizyou all were in the middle of grazing | alasolumlay tura edilesolumlay turaellethey were in the middle of grazing |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | mensolumlay turmay edimsolumlay turmayemI wasn't in the middle of grazing | sensolumlay turmay ediŋsolumlay turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of grazing | olsolumlay turmay edisolumlay turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of grazing | bizsolumlay turmay ediksolumlay turmayekwe weren't in the middle of grazing | sizsolumlay turmay edigizsolumlay turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of grazing | alasolumlay turmay edilesolumlay turmayellethey weren't in the middle of grazing |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | mensolumlar edimsolumlar emI would graze | sensolumlar ediŋsolumlar eŋyou would graze | olsolumlar edisolumlar edhe would graze | bizsolumlar ediksolumlar ekwe would graze | sizsolumlar edigizsolumlar egizyou all would graze | alasolumlar edilesolumlar ellethey would graze |
| Conditional result (would) | mensolumlamaz edimsolumlamaz emI wouldn't graze | sensolumlamaz ediŋsolumlamaz eŋyou wouldn't graze | olsolumlamaz edisolumlamaz edhe wouldn't graze | bizsolumlamaz ediksolumlamaz ekwe wouldn't graze | sizsolumlamaz edigizsolumlamaz egizyou all wouldn't graze | alasolumlamaz edilesolumlamaz ellethey wouldn't graze |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | mensolumlarıq edimsolumlarıq emI would have grazed | sensolumlarıq ediŋsolumlarıq eŋyou would have grazed | olsolumlarıq edisolumlarıq edhe would have grazed | bizsolumlarıq ediksolumlarıq ekwe would have grazed | sizsolumlarıq edigizsolumlarıq egizyou all would have grazed | alasolumlarıq edilesolumlarıq ellethey would have grazed |
| Past conditional result (would have) | mensolumlarıq tül edimsolumlarıq tül emI wouldn't have grazed | sensolumlarıq tül ediŋsolumlarıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have grazed | olsolumlarıq tül edisolumlarıq tül edhe wouldn't have grazed | bizsolumlarıq tül ediksolumlarıq tül ekwe wouldn't have grazed | sizsolumlarıq tül edigizsolumlarıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have grazed | alasolumlarıq tül edilesolumlarıq tül ellethey wouldn't have grazed |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | mensolumlasamif I graze | sensolumlasaŋif you graze | olsolumlasaif he grazes | bizsolumlasaqif we graze | sizsolumlasağızif you all graze | alasolumlasalaif they graze |
| Conditional | mensolumlamasamif I don't graze | sensolumlamasaŋif you don't graze | olsolumlamasaif he doesn't graze | bizsolumlamasaqif we don't graze | sizsolumlamasağızif you all don't graze | alasolumlamasalaif they don't graze |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | mensolumlay esemif I am grazing | sensolumlay eseŋif you are grazing | olsolumlay eseif he is grazing | bizsolumlay esekif we are grazing | sizsolumlay esegizif you all are grazing | alasolumlay eseleif they are grazing |
| Conditional, present real | mensolumlamay esemif I am not grazing | sensolumlamay eseŋif you are not grazing | olsolumlamay eseif he is not grazing | bizsolumlamay esekif we are not grazing | sizsolumlamay esegizif you all are not grazing | alasolumlamay eseleif they are not grazing |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mensolumlasam edisolumlasam edif only I grazed | sensolumlasaŋ edisolumlasaŋ edif only you grazed | olsolumlasa edisolumlasaedif only he grazed | bizsolumlasaq edisolumlasaq edif only we grazed | sizsolumlasağız edisolumlasağız edif only you all grazed | alasolumlasala edisolumlasalaedif only they grazed |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | mensolumlamasam edisolumlamasam edif only I didn't graze | sensolumlamasaŋ edisolumlamasaŋ edif only you didn't graze | olsolumlamasa edisolumlamasaedif only he didn't graze | bizsolumlamasaq edisolumlamasaq edif only we didn't graze | sizsolumlamasağız edisolumlamasağız edif only you all didn't graze | alasolumlamasala edisolumlamasalaedif only they didn't graze |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | mensolumlab tursamif I carry on grazing | sensolumlab tursaŋif you carry on grazing | olsolumlab tursaif he carries on grazing | bizsolumlab tursaqif we carry on grazing | sizsolumlab tursağızif you all carry on grazing | alasolumlab tursalaif they carry on grazing |
| Durative conditional | mensolumlab turmasamif I don't carry on grazing | sensolumlab turmasaŋif you don't carry on grazing | olsolumlab turmasaif he doesn't carry on grazing | bizsolumlab turmasaqif we don't carry on grazing | sizsolumlab turmasağızif you all don't carry on grazing | alasolumlab turmasalaif they don't carry on grazing |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | mensolumlab tura esemif I have kept grazing | sensolumlab tura eseŋif you have kept grazing | olsolumlab tura eseif he has kept grazing | bizsolumlab tura esekif we have kept grazing | sizsolumlab tura esegizif you all have kept grazing | alasolumlab tura eseleif they have kept grazing |
| Durative conditional, present real | mensolumlab turmay esemif I haven't kept grazing | sensolumlab turmay eseŋif you haven't kept grazing | olsolumlab turmay eseif he hasn't kept grazing | bizsolumlab turmay esekif we haven't kept grazing | sizsolumlab turmay esegizif you all haven't kept grazing | alasolumlab turmay eseleif they haven't kept grazing |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | mensolumlay tursamif I keep grazing | sensolumlay tursaŋif you keep grazing | olsolumlay tursaif he keeps grazing | bizsolumlay tursaqif we keep grazing | sizsolumlay tursağızif you all keep grazing | alasolumlay tursalaif they keep grazing |
| Progressive conditional | mensolumlamay tursamif I keep on not grazing | sensolumlamay tursaŋif you keep on not grazing | olsolumlamay tursaif he keeps on not grazing | bizsolumlamay tursaqif we keep on not grazing | sizsolumlamay tursağızif you all keep on not grazing | alasolumlamay tursalaif they keep on not grazing |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | mensolumlay tura esemif I am in the middle of grazing | sensolumlay tura eseŋif you are in the middle of grazing | olsolumlay tura eseif he is in the middle of grazing | bizsolumlay tura esekif we are in the middle of grazing | sizsolumlay tura esegizif you all are in the middle of grazing | alasolumlay tura eseleif they are in the middle of grazing |
| Progressive conditional, present real | mensolumlamay tura esemif I keep on not grazing | sensolumlamay tura eseŋif you keep on not grazing | olsolumlamay tura eseif he keeps on not grazing | bizsolumlamay tura esekif we keep on not grazing | sizsolumlamay tura esegizif you all keep on not grazing | alasolumlamay tura eseleif they keep on not grazing |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | mensolumladım esemif I grazed | sensolumladıŋ eseŋif you grazed | olsolumladı eseif he grazed | bizsolumladıq esekif we grazed | sizsolumladığız esegizif you all grazed | alasolumladıla eseleif they grazed |
| Conditional, definite past1 | mensolumlamadım esemif I didn't graze | sensolumlamadıŋ eseŋif you didn't graze | olsolumlamadı eseif he didn't graze | bizsolumlamadıq esekif we didn't graze | sizsolumlamadığız esegizif you all didn't graze | alasolumlamadıla eseleif they didn't graze |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | mensolumlağan esemif I did graze (indeed) | sensolumlağan eseŋif you did graze (indeed) | olsolumlağan eseif he did graze (indeed) | bizsolumlağan esekif we did graze (indeed) | sizsolumlağan esegizif you all did graze (indeed) | alasolumlağan eseleif they did graze (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | mensolumlamağan esemif I didn't graze (indeed) | sensolumlamağan eseŋif you didn't graze (indeed) | olsolumlamağan eseif he didn't graze (indeed) | bizsolumlamağan esekif we didn't graze (indeed) | sizsolumlamağan esegizif you all didn't graze (indeed) | alasolumlamağan eseleif they didn't graze (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | mensolumlağan bolsamif I had grazed | sensolumlağan bolsaŋif you had grazed | olsolumlağan bolsaif he had grazed | bizsolumlağan bolsaqif we had grazed | sizsolumlağan bolsağızif you all had grazed | alasolumlağan bolsalaif they had grazed |
| Conditional, counterfactual | mensolumlamağan bolsamif I hadn't grazed | sensolumlamağan bolsaŋif you hadn't grazed | olsolumlamağan bolsaif he hadn't grazed | bizsolumlamağan bolsaqif we hadn't grazed | sizsolumlamağan bolsağızif you all hadn't grazed | alasolumlamağan bolsalaif they hadn't grazed |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mensolumlağan bolsam edisolumlağan bolsam edif only I had grazed | sensolumlağan bolsaŋ edisolumlağan bolsaŋ edif only you had grazed | olsolumlağan bolsa edisolumlağan bolsaedif only he had grazed | bizsolumlağan bolsaq edisolumlağan bolsaq edif only we had grazed | sizsolumlağan bolsağız edisolumlağan bolsağız edif only you all had grazed | alasolumlağan bolsala edisolumlağan bolsalaedif only they had grazed |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | mensolumlamağan bolsam edisolumlamağan bolsam edif only I hadn't grazed | sensolumlamağan bolsaŋ edisolumlamağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't grazed | olsolumlamağan bolsa edisolumlamağan bolsaedif only he hadn't grazed | bizsolumlamağan bolsaq edisolumlamağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't grazed | sizsolumlamağan bolsağız edisolumlamağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't grazed | alasolumlamağan bolsala edisolumlamağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't grazed |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | mensolumlar esemif I will graze | sensolumlar eseŋif you will graze | olsolumlar eseif he will graze | bizsolumlar esekif we will graze | sizsolumlar esegizif you all will graze | alasolumlar eseleif they will graze |
| Conditional, aorist | mensolumlamaz esemif I won't graze | sensolumlamaz eseŋif you won't graze | olsolumlamaz eseif he won't graze | bizsolumlamaz esekif we won't graze | sizsolumlamaz esegizif you all won't graze | alasolumlamaz eseleif they won't graze |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | mensolumlarıq esemif I am going to graze | sensolumlarıq eseŋif you are going to graze | olsolumlarıq eseif he is going to graze | bizsolumlarıq esekif we are going to graze | sizsolumlarıq esegizif you all are going to graze | alasolumlarıq eseleif they are going to graze |
| Conditional, future | mensolumlarıq tül esemif I am not going to graze | sensolumlarıq tül eseŋif you are not going to graze | olsolumlarıq tül eseif he is not going to graze | bizsolumlarıq tül esekif we are not going to graze | sizsolumlarıq tül esegizif you all are not going to graze | alasolumlarıq tül eseleif they are not going to graze |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mensolumlarıq bolsamif I were going to graze | sensolumlarıq bolsaŋif you were going to graze | olsolumlarıq bolsaif he were going to graze | bizsolumlarıq bolsaqif we were going to graze | sizsolumlarıq bolsağızif you all were going to graze | alasolumlarıq bolsalaif they were going to graze |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | mensolumlamazlıq bolsamif I were not going to graze | sensolumlamazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to graze | olsolumlamazlıq bolsaif he were not going to graze | bizsolumlamazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to graze | sizsolumlamazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to graze | alasolumlamazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to graze |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso solumladıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mensolumlay bolurmaI must be grazing | sensolumlay bolursayou must be grazing | olsolumlay bolurhe must be grazing | bizsolumlay bolurbuzwe must be grazing | sizsolumlay bolursuzyou all must be grazing | alasolumlay bolurlathey must be grazing |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | mensolumlamay bolurmaI must not be grazing | sensolumlamay bolursayou must not be grazing | olsolumlamay bolurhe must not be grazing | bizsolumlamay bolurbuzwe must not be grazing | sizsolumlamay bolursuzyou all must not be grazing | alasolumlamay bolurlathey must not be grazing |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mensolumlay tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of grazing | sensolumlay tura bolursayou must be in the middle of grazing | olsolumlay tura bolurhe must be in the middle of grazing | bizsolumlay tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of grazing | sizsolumlay tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of grazing | alasolumlay tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of grazing |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | mensolumlamay tura bolurmaI must keep on not grazing | sensolumlamay tura bolursayou must keep on not grazing | olsolumlamay tura bolurhe must keep on not grazing | bizsolumlamay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not grazing | sizsolumlamay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not grazing | alasolumlamay tura bolurlathey must keep on not grazing |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | mensolumlağan bolurmaI must have grazed | sensolumlağan bolursayou must have grazed | olsolumlağan bolurhe must have grazed | bizsolumlağan bolurbuzwe must have grazed | sizsolumlağan bolursuzyou all must have grazed | alasolumlağan bolurlathey must have grazed |
| Inference (must have) | mensolumlamağan bolurmaI must not have grazed | sensolumlamağan bolursayou must not have grazed | olsolumlamağan bolurhe must not have grazed | bizsolumlamağan bolurbuzwe must not have grazed | sizsolumlamağan bolursuzyou all must not have grazed | alasolumlamağan bolurlathey must not have grazed |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mensolumlarıq bolurmaI must be going to graze | sensolumlarıq bolursayou must be going to graze | olsolumlarıq bolurhe must be going to graze | bizsolumlarıq bolurbuzwe must be going to graze | sizsolumlarıq bolursuzyou all must be going to graze | alasolumlarıq bolurlathey must be going to graze |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | mensolumlamazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to graze | sensolumlamazlıq bolursayou must not be going to graze | olsolumlamazlıq bolurhe must not be going to graze | bizsolumlamazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to graze | sizsolumlamazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to graze | alasolumlamazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to graze |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | mensolumlayımlet me graze | sensolumla!graze! | olsolumlasınlet him graze | bizsolumlayıqlet's graze | sizsolumlağız!graze, you all! | alasolumlasınlalet them graze |
| Commands & suggestions | mensolumlamayımlet me not graze | sensolumlama!don't graze! | olsolumlamasınlet him not graze | bizsolumlamayıqlet's not graze | sizsolumlamağız!don't graze, you all! | alasolumlamasınlalet them not graze |
| Commands & suggestions | mensolumlayımmı?shall I graze? | olsolumlasınmı?should he graze? | bizsolumlayıqmı?shall we graze? | alasolumlasınlamı?should they graze? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | mensolumlamayımmı?shall I not graze? | olsolumlamasınmı?should he not graze? | bizsolumlamayıqmı?shall we not graze? | alasolumlamasınlamı?should they not graze? | ||
| Requests | sensolumlaçı2solumlaçınplease graze | olsolumlasınçıdo let him graze | sizsolumlaçığızplease graze (plural/polite) | alasolumlasınlaçıdo let them graze | ||
| Requests | sensolumlamaçı2solumlamaçınplease don't graze | olsolumlamasınçıdo let him not graze | sizsolumlamaçığızplease don't graze (plural/polite) | alasolumlamasınlaçıdo let them not graze | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sensolumlağınsolumlağımay you graze | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | sensolumlamağınsolumlamağımay you not graze | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mensolumlağay edim solumlağa edimwould that I grazed | sensolumlağay ediŋ solumlağa ediŋwould that you grazed | olsolumlağay edi solumlağa ediwould that he grazed | bizsolumlağay edik solumlağa edikwould that we grazed | sizsolumlağay edigiz solumlağa edigizwould that you all grazed | alasolumlağay edile solumlağa edilewould that they grazed |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | mensolumlamağay edim solumlamağa edimwould that I did not graze | sensolumlamağay ediŋ solumlamağa ediŋwould that you did not graze | olsolumlamağay edi solumlamağa ediwould that he did not graze | bizsolumlamağay edik solumlamağa edikwould that we did not graze | sizsolumlamağay edigiz solumlamağa edigizwould that you all did not graze | alasolumlamağay edile solumlamağa edilewould that they did not graze |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | mensolumlamağa qoyayımsolumlama qoyayımlet me allow someone to graze | sensolumlamağa qoy!solumlama qoy!let someone graze! | olsolumlamağa qoysunsolumlama qoysunlet him allow someone to graze | bizsolumlamağa qoyayıqsolumlama qoyayıqlet's allow someone to graze | sizsolumlamağa qoyuğuz!solumlama qoyuğuz!let someone graze, you all! | alasolumlamağa qoysunlasolumlama qoysunlalet them allow someone to graze |
| Let someone… (commands) | mensolumlamağa qoymayımsolumlama qoymayımlet me not allow someone to graze | sensolumlamağa qoyma!solumlama qoyma!don't let someone graze! | olsolumlamağa qoymasınsolumlama qoymasınlet him not allow someone to graze | bizsolumlamağa qoymayıqsolumlama qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to graze | sizsolumlamağa qoymağız!solumlama qoymağız!don't let someone graze, you all! | alasolumlamağa qoymasınlasolumlama qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to graze |
| Let someone… (commands) | mensolumlamağa qoyayımmı?solumlama qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to graze? | olsolumlamağa qoysunmu?solumlama qoysunmu?should he allow someone to graze? | bizsolumlamağa qoyayıqmı?solumlama qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to graze? | alasolumlamağa qoysunlamı?solumlama qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to graze? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | mensolumlamağa qoymayımmı?solumlama qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to graze? | olsolumlamağa qoymasınmı?solumlama qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to graze? | bizsolumlamağa qoymayıqmı?solumlama qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to graze? | alasolumlamağa qoymasınlamı?solumlama qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to graze? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | mensolumlamağa qoyamasolumlama qoyamaI allow someone to graze | sensolumlamağa qoyasasolumlama qoyasayou allow someone to graze | olsolumlamağa qoyadısolumlama qoyadıhe allows someone to graze | bizsolumlamağa qoyabızsolumlama qoyabızwe allow someone to graze | sizsolumlamağa qoyasızsolumlama qoyasızyou all allow someone to graze | alasolumlamağa qoyadılasolumlama qoyadılathey allow someone to graze |
| Let someone… (present) | mensolumlamağa qoymaymasolumlama qoymaymaI don't allow someone to graze | sensolumlamağa qoymaysasolumlama qoymaysayou don't allow someone to graze | olsolumlamağa qoymaydısolumlama qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to graze | bizsolumlamağa qoymaybızsolumlama qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to graze | sizsolumlamağa qoymaysızsolumlama qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to graze | alasolumlamağa qoymaydılasolumlama qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to graze |
| Let someone… (present) | mensolumlamağa qoyamamı?solumlama qoyamamı?do I allow someone to graze? | sensolumlamağa qoyamısa?solumlama qoyamısa?do you allow someone to graze? | olsolumlamağa qoyamıdı?solumlama qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to graze? | bizsolumlamağa qoyabızmı?solumlama qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to graze? | sizsolumlamağa qoyamısız?solumlama qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to graze? | alasolumlamağa qoyamıdıla?solumlama qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to graze? |
| Let someone… (present) | mensolumlamağa qoymaymamı?solumlama qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to graze? | sensolumlamağa qoymaymısa?solumlama qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to graze? | olsolumlamağa qoymaymıdı?solumlama qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to graze? | bizsolumlamağa qoymaybızmı?solumlama qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to graze? | sizsolumlamağa qoymaymısız?solumlama qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to graze? | alasolumlamağa qoymaymıdıla?solumlama qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to graze? |
| Let someone… (past) | mensolumlamağa qoydumsolumlama qoydumI allowed someone to graze | sensolumlamağa qoyduŋsolumlama qoyduŋyou allowed someone to graze | olsolumlamağa qoydusolumlama qoyduhe allowed someone to graze | bizsolumlamağa qoyduqsolumlama qoyduqwe allowed someone to graze | sizsolumlamağa qoyduğuzsolumlama qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to graze | alasolumlamağa qoydulasolumlama qoydulathey allowed someone to graze |
| Let someone… (past) | mensolumlamağa qoymadımsolumlama qoymadımI didn't allow someone to graze | sensolumlamağa qoymadıŋsolumlama qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to graze | olsolumlamağa qoymadısolumlama qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to graze | bizsolumlamağa qoymadıqsolumlama qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to graze | sizsolumlamağa qoymadığızsolumlama qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to graze | alasolumlamağa qoymadılasolumlama qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to graze |
| Let someone… (past) | mensolumlamağa qoydummu?solumlama qoydummu?did I allow someone to graze? | sensolumlamağa qoyduŋmu?solumlama qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to graze? | olsolumlamağa qoydumu?solumlama qoydumu?did he allow someone to graze? | bizsolumlamağa qoyduqmu?solumlama qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to graze? | sizsolumlamağa qoyduğuzmu?solumlama qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to graze? | alasolumlamağa qoydulamı?solumlama qoydulamı?did they allow someone to graze? |
| Let someone… (past) | mensolumlamağa qoymadımmı?solumlama qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to graze? | sensolumlamağa qoymadıŋmı?solumlama qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to graze? | olsolumlamağa qoymadımı?solumlama qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to graze? | bizsolumlamağa qoymadıqmı?solumlama qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to graze? | sizsolumlamağa qoymadığızmı?solumlama qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to graze? | alasolumlamağa qoymadılamı?solumlama qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to graze? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | mensolumlayalamaI can graze | sensolumlayalasayou can graze | olsolumlayaladıhe can graze | bizsolumlayalabızwe can graze | sizsolumlayalasızyou all can graze | alasolumlayaladılathey can graze |
| Ability — present | mensolumlayalmaymaI can't graze | sensolumlayalmaysayou can't graze | olsolumlayalmaydıhe can't graze | bizsolumlayalmaybızwe can't graze | sizsolumlayalmaysızyou all can't graze | alasolumlayalmaydılathey can't graze |
| Ability — present | mensolumlayalamamı? solumlayalamıma?can I graze? | sensolumlayalamısa?can you graze? | olsolumlayalamıdı?can he graze? | bizsolumlayalabızmı? solumlayalamıbız?can we graze? | sizsolumlayalamısız?can you all graze? | alasolumlayalamıdıla?can they graze? |
| Ability — present | mensolumlayalmaymamı? solumlayalmaymıma?can't I graze? | sensolumlayalmaymısa?can't you graze? | olsolumlayalmaymıdı?can't he graze? | bizsolumlayalmaybızmı? solumlayalmaymıbız?can't we graze? | sizsolumlayalmaymısız?can't you all graze? | alasolumlayalmaymıdıla?can't they graze? |
| Ability — if I can… | mensolumlayalsamif I can graze | sensolumlayalsaŋif you can graze | olsolumlayalsaif he can graze | bizsolumlayalsaqif we can graze | sizsolumlayalsağızif you all can graze | alasolumlayalsalaif they can graze |
| Ability — if I can… | mensolumlayalmasamif I can't graze | sensolumlayalmasaŋif you can't graze | olsolumlayalmasaif he can't graze | bizsolumlayalmasaqif we can't graze | sizsolumlayalmasağızif you all can't graze | alasolumlayalmasalaif they can't graze |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | mensolumlayaldımI was able to graze | sensolumlayaldıŋyou were able to graze | olsolumlayaldıhe was able to graze | bizsolumlayaldıqwe were able to graze | sizsolumlayaldığızyou all were able to graze | alasolumlayaldılathey were able to graze |
| Ability — simple past | mensolumlayalmadımI could not graze | sensolumlayalmadıŋyou could not graze | olsolumlayalmadıhe could not graze | bizsolumlayalmadıqwe could not graze | sizsolumlayalmadığızyou all could not graze | alasolumlayalmadılathey could not graze |
| Ability — simple past | mensolumlayaldımmı?was I able to graze? | sensolumlayaldıŋmı?were you able to graze? | olsolumlayaldımı?was he able to graze? | bizsolumlayaldıqmı?were we able to graze? | sizsolumlayaldığızmı?were you all able to graze? | alasolumlayaldılamı?were they able to graze? |
| Ability — simple past | mensolumlayalmadımmı?couldn't I graze? | sensolumlayalmadıŋmı?couldn't you graze? | olsolumlayalmadımı?couldn't he graze? | bizsolumlayalmadıqmı?couldn't we graze? | sizsolumlayalmadığızmı?couldn't you all graze? | alasolumlayalmadılamı?couldn't they graze? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensolumlayalğanmaI have been able to graze | sensolumlayalğansayou have been able to graze | olsolumlayalğandıhe has been able to graze | bizsolumlayalğanbızwe have been able to graze | sizsolumlayalğansızyou all have been able to graze | alasolumlayalğandılathey have been able to graze |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensolumlayalmağanmaI haven't been able to graze | sensolumlayalmağansayou haven't been able to graze | olsolumlayalmağandıhe hasn't been able to graze | bizsolumlayalmağanbızwe haven't been able to graze | sizsolumlayalmağansızyou all haven't been able to graze | alasolumlayalmağandılathey haven't been able to graze |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensolumlayalğanmamı? solumlayalğanmıma?have I been able to graze? | sensolumlayalğanmısa?have you been able to graze? | olsolumlayalğanmıdı?has he been able to graze? | bizsolumlayalğanbızmı? solumlayalğanmıbız?have we been able to graze? | sizsolumlayalğanmısız?have you all been able to graze? | alasolumlayalğanmıdıla?have they been able to graze? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | mensolumlayalmağanmamı? solumlayalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to graze? | sensolumlayalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to graze? | olsolumlayalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to graze? | bizsolumlayalmağanbızmı? solumlayalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to graze? | sizsolumlayalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to graze? | alasolumlayalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to graze? |
| Ability — past perfect | mensolumlayalğan edimsolumlayalğanemI had been able to graze | sensolumlayalğan ediŋsolumlayalğaneŋyou had been able to graze | olsolumlayalğan edisolumlayalğanedhe had been able to graze | bizsolumlayalğan ediksolumlayalğanekwe had been able to graze | sizsolumlayalğan edigizsolumlayalğanegizyou all had been able to graze | alasolumlayalğan edilesolumlayalğanellethey had been able to graze |
| Ability — past perfect | mensolumlayalmağan edimsolumlayalmağanemI hadn't been able to graze | sensolumlayalmağan ediŋsolumlayalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to graze | olsolumlayalmağan edisolumlayalmağanedhe hadn't been able to graze | bizsolumlayalmağan ediksolumlayalmağanekwe hadn't been able to graze | sizsolumlayalmağan edigizsolumlayalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to graze | alasolumlayalmağan edilesolumlayalmağanellethey hadn't been able to graze |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | mensolumlayala edimsolumlayalaemI could graze | sensolumlayala ediŋsolumlayalaeŋyou could graze | olsolumlayala edisolumlayalaedhe could graze | bizsolumlayala ediksolumlayalaekwe could graze | sizsolumlayala edigizsolumlayalaegizyou all could graze | alasolumlayala edilesolumlayalaellethey could graze |
| Ability — past background | mensolumlayalmay edimsolumlayalmayemI could not graze | sensolumlayalmay ediŋsolumlayalmayeŋyou could not graze | olsolumlayalmay edisolumlayalmayedhe could not graze | bizsolumlayalmay ediksolumlayalmayekwe could not graze | sizsolumlayalmay edigizsolumlayalmayegizyou all could not graze | alasolumlayalmay edilesolumlayalmayellethey could not graze |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | mensolumlayalırmaI will be able to graze | sensolumlayalırsayou will be able to graze | olsolumlayalırhe will be able to graze | bizsolumlayalırbızwe will be able to graze | sizsolumlayalırsızyou all will be able to graze | alasolumlayalırlathey will be able to graze |
| Ability — future I | mensolumlayalmazmaI won't be able to graze | sensolumlayalmazsayou won't be able to graze | olsolumlayalmazhe won't be able to graze | bizsolumlayalmazbızwe won't be able to graze | sizsolumlayalmazsızyou all won't be able to graze | alasolumlayalmazlathey won't be able to graze |
| Ability — future I | mensolumlayalırmamı? solumlayalırmıma?will I be able to graze? | sensolumlayalırmısa?will you be able to graze? | olsolumlayalırmı?will he be able to graze? | bizsolumlayalırbızmı? solumlayalırmıbız?will we be able to graze? | sizsolumlayalırmısız?will you all be able to graze? | alasolumlayalırlamı? solumlayalırmıla?will they be able to graze? |
| Ability — future I | mensolumlayalmazmamı? solumlayalmazmıma?won't I be able to graze? | sensolumlayalmazmısa?won't you be able to graze? | olsolumlayalmazmı?won't he be able to graze? | bizsolumlayalmazbızmı? solumlayalmazmıbız?won't we be able to graze? | sizsolumlayalmazmısız?won't you all be able to graze? | alasolumlayalmazlamı? solumlayalmazmıla?won't they be able to graze? |
| Ability — future II | mensolumlayallıqmaI am going to be able to graze | sensolumlayallıqsayou are going to be able to graze | olsolumlayallıqdıhe is going to be able to graze | bizsolumlayallıqbızwe are going to be able to graze | sizsolumlayallıqsızyou all are going to be able to graze | alasolumlayallıqdılathey are going to be able to graze |
| Ability — future II | mensolumlayallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to graze | sensolumlayallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to graze | olsolumlayallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to graze | bizsolumlayallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to graze | sizsolumlayallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to graze | alasolumlayallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to graze |
| Ability — future II | mensolumlayallıqmamı? solumlayallıqmıma?am I going to be able to graze? | sensolumlayallıqmısa?are you going to be able to graze? | olsolumlayallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to graze? | bizsolumlayallıqbızmı? solumlayallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to graze? | sizsolumlayallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to graze? | alasolumlayallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to graze? |
| Ability — future II | mensolumlayallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to graze? | sensolumlayallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to graze? | olsolumlayallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to graze? | bizsolumlayallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to graze? | sizsolumlayallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to graze? | alasolumlayallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to graze? |
| Ability — would be able to… | mensolumlayalır edimsolumlayalır emI would be able to graze | sensolumlayalır ediŋsolumlayalır eŋyou would be able to graze | olsolumlayalır edisolumlayalır edhe would be able to graze | bizsolumlayalır ediksolumlayalır ekwe would be able to graze | sizsolumlayalır edigizsolumlayalır egizyou all would be able to graze | alasolumlayalır edilesolumlayalır ellethey would be able to graze |
| Ability — would be able to… | mensolumlayalmaz edimsolumlayalmaz emI wouldn't be able to graze | sensolumlayalmaz ediŋsolumlayalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to graze | olsolumlayalmaz edisolumlayalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to graze | bizsolumlayalmaz ediksolumlayalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to graze | sizsolumlayalmaz edigizsolumlayalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to graze | alasolumlayalmaz edilesolumlayalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to graze |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sensolumlayalğınsolumlayalğımay you be able to graze | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | sensolumlayalmağınsolumlayalmağımay you not be able to graze | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | mensolumlarğa izleymeI want to graze | sensolumlarğa izleyseyou want to graze | olsolumlarğa izleydihe wants to graze | bizsolumlarğa izleybizwe want to graze | sizsolumlarğa izleysizyou all want to graze | alasolumlarğa izleydilethey want to graze |
| want to | mensolumlarğa izlemeymeI do not want to graze | sensolumlarğa izlemeyseyou do not want to graze | olsolumlarğa izlemeydihe does not want to graze | bizsolumlarğa izlemeybizwe do not want to graze | sizsolumlarğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to graze | alasolumlarğa izlemeydilethey do not want to graze |
| would like to | mensolumlarğa süemeI would like to graze | sensolumlarğa süeseyou would like to graze | olsolumlarğa süedihe would like to graze | bizsolumlarğa süebizwe would like to graze | sizsolumlarğa süesizyou all would like to graze | alasolumlarğa süedilethey would like to graze |
| would like to | mensolumlarğa süymeymeI would not like to graze | sensolumlarğa süymeyseyou would not like to graze | olsolumlarğa süymeydihe would not like to graze | bizsolumlarğa süymeybizwe would not like to graze | sizsolumlarğa süymeysizyou all would not like to graze | alasolumlarğa süymeydilethey would not like to graze |
| hope to | mensolumlarğa umutlanamaI hope to graze | sensolumlarğa umutlanasayou hope to graze | olsolumlarğa umutlanadıhe hopes to graze | bizsolumlarğa umutlanabızwe hope to graze | sizsolumlarğa umutlanasızyou all hope to graze | alasolumlarğa umutlanadılathey hope to graze |
| hope to | mensolumlarğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to graze | sensolumlarğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to graze | olsolumlarğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to graze | bizsolumlarğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to graze | sizsolumlarğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to graze | alasolumlarğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to graze |
| be about to | mensolumlarğa deb turamaI am about to graze | sensolumlarğa deb turasayou are about to graze | olsolumlarğa deb turadıhe is about to graze | bizsolumlarğa deb turabızwe are about to graze | sizsolumlarğa deb turasızyou all are about to graze | alasolumlarğa deb turadılathey are about to graze |
| be about to | mensolumlarğa deb turmaymaI am not about to graze | sensolumlarğa deb turmaysayou are not about to graze | olsolumlarğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to graze | bizsolumlarğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to graze | sizsolumlarğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to graze | alasolumlarğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to graze |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | mensolumlarğa kerekmeI need to graze | sensolumlarğa kerekseyou need to graze | olsolumlarğa kerekdihe needs to graze | bizsolumlarğa kerekbizwe need to graze | sizsolumlarğa kereksizyou all need to graze | alasolumlarğa kerekdilethey need to graze |
| need to | mensolumlarğa kerek tülmeI do not need to graze | sensolumlarğa kerek tülseyou do not need to graze | olsolumlarğa kerek tüldühe does not need to graze | bizsolumlarğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to graze | sizsolumlarğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to graze | alasolumlarğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to graze |
| have to | menmenŋe solumlarğa tüşediI have to graze | sensenŋe solumlarğa tüşediyou have to graze | olaŋa solumlarğa tüşedihe has to graze | bizbizge solumlarğa tüşediwe have to graze | sizsizge solumlarğa tüşediyou all have to graze | alaalağa solumlarğa tüşedithey have to graze |
| have to | menmenŋe solumlarğa tüşmeydiI do not have to graze | sensenŋe solumlarğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to graze | olaŋa solumlarğa tüşmeydihe does not have to graze | bizbizge solumlarğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to graze | sizsizge solumlarğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to graze | alaalağa solumlarğa tüşmeydithey do not have to graze |
| be obliged to | mensolumlarğa borçlumaI am obliged to graze | sensolumlarğa borçlusayou are obliged to graze | olsolumlarğa borçluduhe is obliged to graze | bizsolumlarğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to graze | sizsolumlarğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to graze | alasolumlarğa borçludulathey are obliged to graze |
| be obliged to | mensolumlarğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to graze | sensolumlarğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to graze | olsolumlarğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to graze | bizsolumlarğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to graze | sizsolumlarğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to graze | alasolumlarğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to graze |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | mensolumlarğa madarım bardıI have a way to graze | sensolumlarğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to graze | olsolumlarğa madarı bardıhe has a way to graze | bizsolumlarğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to graze | sizsolumlarğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to graze | alasolumlarğa madarları bardıthey have a way to graze |
| have a way to | mensolumlarğa madarım joqduI have no way to graze | sensolumlarğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to graze | olsolumlarğa madarı joqduhe has no way to graze | bizsolumlarğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to graze | sizsolumlarğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to graze | alasolumlarğa madarları joqduthey have no way to graze |
| be free to | mensolumlarğa erkinligim bardıI am free to graze | sensolumlarğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to graze | olsolumlarğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to graze | bizsolumlarğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to graze | sizsolumlarğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to graze | alasolumlarğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to graze |
| be free to | mensolumlarğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to graze | sensolumlarğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to graze | olsolumlarğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to graze | bizsolumlarğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to graze | sizsolumlarğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to graze | alasolumlarğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to graze |
| be possible to | menmenŋe solumlarğa bolluqduit is possible for me to graze | sensenŋe solumlarğa bolluqduit is possible for you to graze | olaŋa solumlarğa bolluqduit is possible for him to graze | bizbizge solumlarğa bolluqduit is possible for us to graze | sizsizge solumlarğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to graze | alaalağa solumlarğa bolluqduit is possible for them to graze |
| be possible to | menmenŋe solumlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to graze | sensenŋe solumlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to graze | olaŋa solumlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to graze | bizbizge solumlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to graze | sizsizge solumlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to graze | alaalağa solumlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to graze |
| be ready to | mensolumlarğa hazırmaI am ready to graze | sensolumlarğa hazırsayou are ready to graze | olsolumlarğa hazırdıhe is ready to graze | bizsolumlarğa hazırbızwe are ready to graze | sizsolumlarğa hazırsızyou all are ready to graze | alasolumlarğa hazırdılathey are ready to graze |
| be ready to | mensolumlarğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to graze | sensolumlarğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to graze | olsolumlarğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to graze | bizsolumlarğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to graze | sizsolumlarğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to graze | alasolumlarğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to graze |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | mensolumlarğa küreşemeI am trying to graze | sensolumlarğa küreşeseyou are trying to graze | olsolumlarğa küreşedihe is trying to graze | bizsolumlarğa küreşebizwe are trying to graze | sizsolumlarğa küreşesizyou all are trying to graze | alasolumlarğa küreşedilethey are trying to graze |
| try to | mensolumlarğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to graze | sensolumlarğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to graze | olsolumlarğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to graze | bizsolumlarğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to graze | sizsolumlarğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to graze | alasolumlarğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to graze |
| agree to | mensolumlarğa unaymaI agree to graze | sensolumlarğa unaysayou agree to graze | olsolumlarğa unaydıhe agrees to graze | bizsolumlarğa unaybızwe agree to graze | sizsolumlarğa unaysızyou all agree to graze | alasolumlarğa unaydılathey agree to graze |
| agree to | mensolumlarğa unamaymaI refuse to graze | sensolumlarğa unamaysayou refuse to graze | olsolumlarğa unamaydıhe refuses to graze | bizsolumlarğa unamaybızwe refuse to graze | sizsolumlarğa unamaysızyou all refuse to graze | alasolumlarğa unamaydılathey refuse to graze |
| hurry to | mensolumlarğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to graze | sensolumlarğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to graze | olsolumlarğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to graze | bizsolumlarğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to graze | sizsolumlarğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to graze | alasolumlarğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to graze |
| hurry to | mensolumlarğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to graze | sensolumlarğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to graze | olsolumlarğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to graze | bizsolumlarğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to graze | sizsolumlarğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to graze | alasolumlarğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to graze |
| be afraid to | mensolumlarğa qorqamaI am afraid to graze | sensolumlarğa qorqasayou are afraid to graze | olsolumlarğa qorqadıhe is afraid to graze | bizsolumlarğa qorqabızwe are afraid to graze | sizsolumlarğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to graze | alasolumlarğa qorqadılathey are afraid to graze |
| be afraid to | mensolumlarğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to graze | sensolumlarğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to graze | olsolumlarğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to graze | bizsolumlarğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to graze | sizsolumlarğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to graze | alasolumlarğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to graze |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | mensolumlay bolmazmaI can't be grazing | sensolumlay bolmazsayou can't be grazing | olsolumlay bolmazhe can't be grazing | bizsolumlay bolmazbızwe can't be grazing | sizsolumlay bolmazsızyou all can't be grazing | alasolumlay bolmazlathey can't be grazing |
| Inference, present — double negation | mensolumlamay bolmazmaI must be grazing (emphatic) | sensolumlamay bolmazsayou must be grazing (emphatic) | olsolumlamay bolmazhe must be grazing (emphatic) | bizsolumlamay bolmazbızwe must be grazing (emphatic) | sizsolumlamay bolmazsızyou all must be grazing (emphatic) | alasolumlamay bolmazlathey must be grazing (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | mensolumlay turmasamif I don't keep grazing | sensolumlay turmasaŋif you don't keep grazing | olsolumlay turmasaif he doesn't keep grazing | bizsolumlay turmasaqif we don't keep grazing | sizsolumlay turmasağızif you all don't keep grazing | alasolumlay turmasalaif they don't keep grazing |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | mensolumlay tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of grazing | sensolumlay tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of grazing | olsolumlay tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of grazing | bizsolumlay tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of grazing | sizsolumlay tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of grazing | alasolumlay tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of grazing |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | mensolumlamay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not grazing (emphatic) | sensolumlamay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not grazing (emphatic) | olsolumlamay tura bolmazhe must keep on not grazing (emphatic) | bizsolumlamay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not grazing (emphatic) | sizsolumlamay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not grazing (emphatic) | alasolumlamay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not grazing (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | mensolumlamay turamaI keep on not grazing | sensolumlamay turasayou keep on not grazing | olsolumlamay turadıhe keeps on not grazing | bizsolumlamay turabızwe keep on not grazing | sizsolumlamay turasızyou all keep on not grazing | alasolumlamay turadılathey keep on not grazing |
| Progressive — double negation | mensolumlamay turmaymaI am not keeping on not grazing | sensolumlamay turmaysayou are not keeping on not grazing | olsolumlamay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not grazing | bizsolumlamay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not grazing | sizsolumlamay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not grazing | alasolumlamay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not grazing |
| Progressive — double negation | mensolumlamay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not grazing? | sensolumlamay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not grazing? | olsolumlamay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not grazing? | bizsolumlamay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not grazing? | sizsolumlamay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not grazing? | alasolumlamay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not grazing? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | mensolumlağan bolmazmaI can't have grazed | sensolumlağan bolmazsayou can't have grazed | olsolumlağan bolmazhe can't have grazed | bizsolumlağan bolmazbızwe can't have grazed | sizsolumlağan bolmazsızyou all can't have grazed | alasolumlağan bolmazlathey can't have grazed |
| Inference — double negation | mensolumlamağan bolmazmaI must have grazed (emphatic) | sensolumlamağan bolmazsayou must have grazed (emphatic) | olsolumlamağan bolmazhe must have grazed (emphatic) | bizsolumlamağan bolmazbızwe must have grazed (emphatic) | sizsolumlamağan bolmazsızyou all must have grazed (emphatic) | alasolumlamağan bolmazlathey must have grazed (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | mensolumlağan bolmasamif it weren't that I had grazed | sensolumlağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had grazed | olsolumlağan bolmasaif it weren't that he had grazed | bizsolumlağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had grazed | sizsolumlağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had grazed | alasolumlağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had grazed |
| Counterfactual — double negation | mensolumlamağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't grazed | sensolumlamağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't grazed | olsolumlamağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't grazed | bizsolumlamağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't grazed | sizsolumlamağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't grazed | alasolumlamağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't grazed |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | mensolumlarıq bolmazmaI can't be going to graze | sensolumlarıq bolmazsayou can't be going to graze | olsolumlarıq bolmazhe can't be going to graze | bizsolumlarıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to graze | sizsolumlarıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to graze | alasolumlarıq bolmazlathey can't be going to graze |
| Inference, future — double negation | mensolumlamazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to graze (emphatic) | sensolumlamazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to graze (emphatic) | olsolumlamazlıq bolmazhe must be going to graze (emphatic) | bizsolumlamazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to graze (emphatic) | sizsolumlamazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to graze (emphatic) | alasolumlamazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to graze (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | mensolumlarıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to graze | sensolumlarıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to graze | olsolumlarıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to graze | bizsolumlarıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to graze | sizsolumlarıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to graze | alasolumlarıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to graze |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | mensolumlamazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to graze | sensolumlamazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to graze | olsolumlamazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to graze | bizsolumlamazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to graze | sizsolumlamazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to graze | alasolumlamazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to graze |