şimir
/ʃimir/
Definitions
1. grimy; roughened and cracked from long want of washing
- şimir qolla — grimy hands
- jağası şimir bolğandı — his collar has gone grimy
2. a hardened crust of dried sour milk left on the wall of an unwashed vessel
- ayrannı şimiri — the crust the ayran has left
3. greasy soiling worked into clothing
- kiyimni şimiri — the grease worked into the clothes
4. a miser, one who will part with nothing
- ol şimirdi — he is a miser
Feedback
or .As an adjective
Saying it about someone
| Singular | Plural | |
|---|---|---|
| 1st person | men şimirmeI am grimy | biz şimirbizwe are grimy |
| 2nd person | sen şimirseyou are grimy | siz şimirsizyou all are grimy |
| 3rd person | ol şimirdihe / she / it is grimy | ala şimirdilethey are grimy |
Saying it about something
| One thing | Several | |
|---|---|---|
| this / these | bu şimirdithis is grimy | bıla şimirdilethese are grimy |
| that / those | ol şimirdithat / it is grimy | ala şimirdilethose / they are grimy |
| mine | meniki şimirdimine is grimy | menikile şimirdilemine are grimy |
| yours | seniki şimirdiyours is grimy | senikile şimirdileyours are grimy |
| ours | bizniki şimirdiours is grimy | biznikile şimirdileours are grimy |
As a noun
Cases
| Singular | Plural | When to use it | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | şimirthe crust | şimirlethe crusts | the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence |
| genitive | şimirnithe crust's | şimirlenithe crusts' | the owner — whose it is |
| accusative | şimirnithe crust (as the object) | şimirlenithe crusts (as the object) | a specific, known object — whom or what |
| dative | şimirgeto the crust | şimirlegeto the crusts | direction or recipient — to where, to whom |
| locative | şimirdeat / in the crust | şimirledeat / in the crusts | where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it" |
| ablative | şimirdenfrom the crust | şimirledenfrom the crusts | where it comes from; also "than" when comparing |
When to use each case
- nominative
- the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence
- genitive
- the owner — whose it is
- accusative
- a specific, known object — whom or what
- dative
- direction or recipient — to where, to whom
- locative
- where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it"
- ablative
- where it comes from; also "than" when comparing
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.
With an owner
| One owned | Several owned | |
|---|---|---|
| my | şimirimmy crust | şimirlerimmy crusts |
| your | şimiringyour crust | şimirleringyour crusts |
| his / her | şimirihis / her crust | şimirlerihis / her crusts |
| our | şimiribizour crust | şimirleribizour crusts |
| you all's | şimirigizyou all's crust | şimirlerigizyou all's crusts |
| their | şimirleritheir crust | şimirleritheir crusts |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: şimirleri can mean "his / her crusts", "their crust", or "their crusts" — context decides.