qurğaq
/qurʁaq/
1. dry, free of moisture, not wet
- qurğaq otun — dry firewood
- qurğaq biçen — dry hay
- bılayı qurğaqdı — it is dry here
- mında hawa qurğaqdı — here the air is dry
- qollarıŋı qurğaq sürt — wipe your hands dry
2. arid, waterless, drought-stricken
- qurğaq jıl — a drought year
- qurğaq jerle — waterless lands
- qurğaq jel — a hot dry wind
- bu jıl qurğaq boldu — this year was dry
3. reserved, curt, formal in tone
- qurğaq söleşiw — a reserved tone
- qurğaq salamlaşıw — a curt greeting
- ol menŋe qurğaq söleşdi — they spoke to me curtly
- anı sözü qurğaqdı — their speech is curt
4. empty, useless, lacking substance
- qurğaq söz — idle talk
- qurğaq sözlü adam — a person of empty words
- qurğaq sözden mağana joq — there is no use in idle talk
- qurğaq söz baş awrutur — idle talk will give you a headache
- qurğaq sözden juqu aşhı — sleep is better than idle talk
5. lean, thin, gaunt — Said of a person's body, especially the hands.
- qurğaq adam — a lean person
- qurğaq, uzun qolla — thin, long hands
- anı qolları qurğaqdı — their hands are thin
6. crumbly or mealy; not soft or pasty (of food such as potatoes)
- qurğaq gardoş — mealy potatoes
- bu gardoş qurğaqdı — these potatoes are crumbly
7. drought, dry spell one source
- arbaçı qurğaqnı küser — the carter wishes for a dry spell
Expressions
- qurğaq halısı joqdu — soaked through; visibly drunk
- qurğaq özdenlik eterge — empty courtesy
- qurğaq söz — empty talk
- suwğa kirib qurğaq çıqğan — slips out of blame
Other forms
| emphatic: completely dry | qup-qurğaq |
|---|
Degrees and persons
| Degree | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | qurğaqmaI am dry | qurğaqsayou are dry | qurğaqdıhe is dry | qurğaqbızwe are dry | qurğaqsızyou all are dry | qurğaqdılathey are dry |
| comparative — more | qurğağıraqmaI am drier | qurğağıraqsayou are drier | qurğağıraqdıhe is drier | qurğağıraqbızwe are drier | qurğağıraqsızyou all are drier | qurğağıraqdılathey are drier |
| intensifier — very | bek qurğaqmaI am very dry | bek qurğaqsayou are very dry | bek qurğaqdıhe is very dry | bek qurğaqbızwe are very dry | bek qurğaqsızyou all are very dry | bek qurğaqdılathey are very dry |
| superlative — most | em qurğaqmaI am the driest | em qurğaqsayou are the driest | em qurğaqdıhe is the driest | em qurğaqbızwe are the driest | em qurğaqsızyou all are the driest | em qurğaqdılathey are the driest |
To compare two things, put the loser in the from-form: ol menden qurğaqdı — "compared to me, he is dry."
Saying it about mine, yours, theirs
One thing
| Degree | menikimine | senikiyours | anıqıhis / hers | biznikiours | siznikiyours (pl.) | alanıqıtheirs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | meniki qurğaqdımine is dry | seniki qurğaqdıyours is dry | anıqı qurğaqdıhis is dry | bizniki qurğaqdıours is dry | sizniki qurğaqdıyours (pl.) is dry | alanıqı qurğaqdıtheirs is dry |
| comparative — more | meniki qurğağıraqdımine is drier | seniki qurğağıraqdıyours is drier | anıqı qurğağıraqdıhis is drier | bizniki qurğağıraqdıours is drier | sizniki qurğağıraqdıyours (pl.) is drier | alanıqı qurğağıraqdıtheirs is drier |
| intensifier — very | meniki bek qurğaqdımine is very dry | seniki bek qurğaqdıyours is very dry | anıqı bek qurğaqdıhis is very dry | bizniki bek qurğaqdıours is very dry | sizniki bek qurğaqdıyours (pl.) is very dry | alanıqı bek qurğaqdıtheirs is very dry |
| superlative — most | meniki em qurğaqdımine is the driest | seniki em qurğaqdıyours is the driest | anıqı em qurğaqdıhis is the driest | bizniki em qurğaqdıours is the driest | sizniki em qurğaqdıyours (pl.) is the driest | alanıqı em qurğaqdıtheirs is the driest |
Several things
| Degree | menikilemine | senikileyours | anıqılahis / hers | biznikileours | siznikileyours (pl.) | alanıqılatheirs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | menikile qurğaqdılamine are dry | senikile qurğaqdılayours are dry | anıqıla qurğaqdılahis are dry | biznikile qurğaqdılaours are dry | siznikile qurğaqdılayours (pl.) are dry | alanıqıla qurğaqdılatheirs are dry |
| comparative — more | menikile qurğağıraqdılamine are drier | senikile qurğağıraqdılayours are drier | anıqıla qurğağıraqdılahis are drier | biznikile qurğağıraqdılaours are drier | siznikile qurğağıraqdılayours (pl.) are drier | alanıqıla qurğağıraqdılatheirs are drier |
| intensifier — very | menikile bek qurğaqdılamine are very dry | senikile bek qurğaqdılayours are very dry | anıqıla bek qurğaqdılahis are very dry | biznikile bek qurğaqdılaours are very dry | siznikile bek qurğaqdılayours (pl.) are very dry | alanıqıla bek qurğaqdılatheirs are very dry |
| superlative — most | menikile em qurğaqdılamine are the driest | senikile em qurğaqdılayours are the driest | anıqıla em qurğaqdılahis are the driest | biznikile em qurğaqdılaours are the driest | siznikile em qurğaqdılayours (pl.) are the driest | alanıqıla em qurğaqdılatheirs are the driest |
Any thing takes the third-person ending, not only these: bu qurğaqdı, bıla qurğaqdıla. In texts biznikile is usually kesibiznikile, "our own people", and a surname with -nıqıla names a family: Dudalanıqıla, "the Dudas".