qış
/qɯʃ/
Definitions
1. winter, the coldest season of the year
- qış tüşdü — winter has set in
- uzun, suwuq qış — a long, cold winter
- qışnı qıyamatında — at the height of winter
- qış jetib keledi — winter is drawing near
2. in winter, during the winter
- qış elde turabız — in winter we live in the village
- qış arba işle — mend the cart in winter
- jay da, qış da — in summer and winter
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or .Cases
| Singular | Plural | When to use it | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | qışthe winter | qışlathe winters | the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence |
| genitive | qışnıthe winter's | qışlanıthe winters' | the owner — whose it is |
| accusative | qışnıthe winter (as the object) | qışlanıthe winters (as the object) | a specific, known object — whom or what |
| dative | qışhato the winter | qışlağato the winters | direction or recipient — to where, to whom |
| locative | qışdaat / in the winter | qışladaat / in the winters | where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it" |
| ablative | qışdanfrom the winter | qışladanfrom the winters | where it comes from; also "than" when comparing |
When to use each case
- nominative
- the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence
- genitive
- the owner — whose it is
- accusative
- a specific, known object — whom or what
- dative
- direction or recipient — to where, to whom
- locative
- where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it"
- ablative
- where it comes from; also "than" when comparing
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.
With an owner
| One owned | Several owned | |
|---|---|---|
| my | qışımmy winter | qışlarımmy winters |
| your | qışıngyour winter | qışlarıngyour winters |
| his / her | qışıhis / her winter | qışlarıhis / her winters |
| our | qışıbızour winter | qışlarıbızour winters |
| you all's | qışığızyou all's winter | qışlarığızyou all's winters |
| their | qışlarıtheir winter | qışlarıtheir winters |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: qışları can mean "his / her winters", "their winter", or "their winters" — context decides.