qaramaşaq
/qaramaʃaq/
Definitions
1. spades, the black suit of pointed leaves in a pack of cards
- qaramaşaq tuz — the ace of spades
- közür qaramaşaqdı — the trump is spades
- qaramaşaqnı atdı — he played the spade
2. dark-complexioned, swarthy
- qaramaşaq adam — a swarthy man
- qaramaşaq jaş — a dark-complexioned lad
- qaramaşaq qız — a dark-complexioned girl
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or .As a noun
Cases
| Singular | Plural | When to use it | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | qaramaşaqthe spades | qaramaşaqlathe spadeses | the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence |
| genitive | qaramaşaqnıthe spades' | qaramaşaqlanıthe spadeses' | the owner — whose it is |
| accusative | qaramaşaqnıthe spades (as the object) | qaramaşaqlanıthe spadeses (as the object) | a specific, known object — whom or what |
| dative | qaramaşaqğato the spades | qaramaşaqlağato the spadeses | direction or recipient — to where, to whom |
| locative | qaramaşaqdaat / in the spades | qaramaşaqladaat / in the spadeses | where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it" |
| ablative | qaramaşaqdanfrom the spades | qaramaşaqladanfrom the spadeses | where it comes from; also "than" when comparing |
When to use each case
- nominative
- the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence
- genitive
- the owner — whose it is
- accusative
- a specific, known object — whom or what
- dative
- direction or recipient — to where, to whom
- locative
- where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it"
- ablative
- where it comes from; also "than" when comparing
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.
With an owner
| One owned | Several owned | |
|---|---|---|
| my | qaramaşağımmy spades | qaramaşaqlarımmy spadeses |
| your | qaramaşağıngyour spades | qaramaşaqlarıngyour spadeses |
| his / her | qaramaşağıhis / her spades | qaramaşaqlarıhis / her spadeses |
| our | qaramaşağıbızour spades | qaramaşaqlarıbızour spadeses |
| you all's | qaramaşağığızyou all's spades | qaramaşaqlarığızyou all's spadeses |
| their | qaramaşaqlarıtheir spades | qaramaşaqlarıtheir spadeses |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: qaramaşaqları can mean "his / her spadeses", "their spades", or "their spadeses" — context decides.
As an adjective
Saying it about someone
| Singular | Plural | |
|---|---|---|
| 1st person | men qaramaşaqmaI am swarthy | biz qaramaşaqbızwe are swarthy |
| 2nd person | sen qaramaşaqsayou are swarthy | siz qaramaşaqsızyou all are swarthy |
| 3rd person | ol qaramaşaqdıhe / she / it is swarthy | ala qaramaşaqdılathey are swarthy |