Qaraçay
/qaratʃaj/
Definitions
1. Karachay; of or relating to the Karachay people, their land, or their language
- Qaraçay til bek ariwdu — the Karachay language is very beautiful
- Qaraçay elle tawla arasındadıla — the Karachay villages lie among the mountains
- Qaraçay tepsew jarıqdı — the Karachay dance is lively
2. Karachay, the homeland of the Karachay people in the northern Caucasus
- Qaraçaynı jeri tawludu — the land of Karachay is mountainous
- Qaraçayğa jaz ertten keledi — spring comes early to Karachay
3. a member of the Karachay people — Elbrusoid marks this reading редко; the ordinary word for a person is къарачайлы.
- Qaraçay qonaqbaylığı bla belgilidi — a Karachay is known for his hospitality
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or .As an adjective
Saying it about someone
| Singular | Plural | |
|---|---|---|
| 1st person | men QaraçaymaI am Karachay | biz Qaraçaybızwe are Karachay |
| 2nd person | sen Qaraçaysayou are Karachay | siz Qaraçaysızyou all are Karachay |
| 3rd person | ol Qaraçaydıhe / she / it is Karachay | ala Qaraçaydılathey are Karachay |
Saying it about something
| One thing | Several | |
|---|---|---|
| this / these | bu Qaraçaydıthis is Karachay | bıla Qaraçaydılathese are Karachay |
| that / those | ol Qaraçaydıthat / it is Karachay | ala Qaraçaydılathose / they are Karachay |
| mine | meniki Qaraçaydımine is Karachay | menikile Qaraçaydılamine are Karachay |
| yours | seniki Qaraçaydıyours is Karachay | senikile Qaraçaydılayours are Karachay |
| ours | bizniki Qaraçaydıours is Karachay | biznikile Qaraçaydılaours are Karachay |
As a noun
Cases
| Singular | Plural | When to use it | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | Qaraçaythe Karachay | Qaraçaylathe Karachays | the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence |
| genitive | Qaraçaynıthe Karachay's | Qaraçaylanıthe Karachays' | the owner — whose it is |
| accusative | Qaraçaynıthe Karachay (as the object) | Qaraçaylanıthe Karachays (as the object) | a specific, known object — whom or what |
| dative | Qaraçayğato the Karachay | Qaraçaylağato the Karachays | direction or recipient — to where, to whom |
| locative | Qaraçaydaat / in the Karachay | Qaraçayladaat / in the Karachays | where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it" |
| ablative | Qaraçaydanfrom the Karachay | Qaraçayladanfrom the Karachays | where it comes from; also "than" when comparing |
When to use each case
- nominative
- the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence
- genitive
- the owner — whose it is
- accusative
- a specific, known object — whom or what
- dative
- direction or recipient — to where, to whom
- locative
- where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it"
- ablative
- where it comes from; also "than" when comparing
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.
With an owner
| One owned | Several owned | |
|---|---|---|
| my | Qaraçayımmy Karachay | Qaraçaylarımmy Karachays |
| your | Qaraçayıngyour Karachay | Qaraçaylarıngyour Karachays |
| his / her | Qaraçayıhis / her Karachay | Qaraçaylarıhis / her Karachays |
| our | Qaraçayıbızour Karachay | Qaraçaylarıbızour Karachays |
| you all's | Qaraçayığızyou all's Karachay | Qaraçaylarığızyou all's Karachays |
| their | Qaraçaylarıtheir Karachay | Qaraçaylarıtheir Karachays |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: Qaraçayları can mean "his / her Karachays", "their Karachay", or "their Karachays" — context decides.