Orus
/orus/
1. Russian, relating to the Russian people, language, or culture
- orus halq — the Russian people
- orus tişirıw — a Russian woman
- belgili orus jazıwçu — a well-known Russian writer
- Orus honşubuz igi adamdı — our Russian neighbor is a good person
- Orus qonaqğa sıylı orun berdile — they gave the Russian guest a place of honor
- Orus kitablardan köb bilim aldıq — we acquired much knowledge from Russian books
- Orus elge jol tartdıq — we headed toward the Russian village
- Orus til — the Russian language
2. a Russian, a Russian person — oruslu is also used for a Russian person.
- Ol orusla bla işleydi — he works with Russians
- orusnu tuz arbası qoyan tutar — a Russian's salt cart will catch a hare
Expressions
- orus tilin açarğa — speak Russian
- orus tuwmaq — ring finger
Saying it about someone
| Degree | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | OrusmaI am Russian | Orussayou are Russian | Orusduhe is Russian | Orusbuzwe are Russian | Orussuzyou all are Russian | Orusdulathey are Russian |
To compare two things, put the loser in the from-form: ol menden Orusdu — "compared to me, he is Russian."
Saying it about mine, yours, theirs
One thing
| Degree | menikimine | senikiyours | anıqıhis / hers | biznikiours | siznikiyours (pl.) | alanıqıtheirs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | meniki Orusdumine is Russian | seniki Orusduyours is Russian | anıqı Orusduhis is Russian | bizniki Orusduours is Russian | sizniki Orusduyours (pl.) is Russian | alanıqı Orusdutheirs is Russian |
Several things
| Degree | menikilemine | senikileyours | anıqılahis / hers | biznikileours | siznikileyours (pl.) | alanıqılatheirs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | menikile Orusdulamine are Russian | senikile Orusdulayours are Russian | anıqıla Orusdulahis are Russian | biznikile Orusdulaours are Russian | siznikile Orusdulayours (pl.) are Russian | alanıqıla Orusdulatheirs are Russian |
Any thing takes the third-person ending, not only these: bu Orusdu, bıla Orusdula. In texts biznikile is usually kesibiznikile, "our own people", and a surname with -nıqıla names a family: Dudalanıqıla, "the Dudas".