junçuwuq
/dʒuntʃuwuq/
shy, timid, bashful — Close in meaning to uyalçaq and tartınçaq. Tenishev and Suyunchev 1989 marks it as a Karachay word. Used of people, as in junçuwuq adam "a shy person".
- junçuwuq qız — a shy girl
- ol bek junçuwuq adam edi — he was a very shy person
- sen bek junçuwuqsa — you are very shy
Degrees and persons
| Degree | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | junçuwuqmaI am shy | junçuwuqsayou are shy | junçuwuqduhe is shy | junçuwuqbuzwe are shy | junçuwuqsuzyou all are shy | junçuwuqdulathey are shy |
| comparative — more | junçuwuğuraqmaI am shyer | junçuwuğuraqsayou are shyer | junçuwuğuraqdıhe is shyer | junçuwuğuraqbızwe are shyer | junçuwuğuraqsızyou all are shyer | junçuwuğuraqdılathey are shyer |
| intensifier — very | bek junçuwuqmaI am very shy | bek junçuwuqsayou are very shy | bek junçuwuqduhe is very shy | bek junçuwuqbuzwe are very shy | bek junçuwuqsuzyou all are very shy | bek junçuwuqdulathey are very shy |
| superlative — most | em junçuwuqmaI am the shyest | em junçuwuqsayou are the shyest | em junçuwuqduhe is the shyest | em junçuwuqbuzwe are the shyest | em junçuwuqsuzyou all are the shyest | em junçuwuqdulathey are the shyest |
To compare two things, put the loser in the from-form: ol menden junçuwuqdu — "compared to me, he is shy."
Saying it about mine, yours, theirs
One thing
| Degree | menikimine | senikiyours | anıqıhis / hers | biznikiours | siznikiyours (pl.) | alanıqıtheirs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | meniki junçuwuqdumine is shy | seniki junçuwuqduyours is shy | anıqı junçuwuqduhis is shy | bizniki junçuwuqduours is shy | sizniki junçuwuqduyours (pl.) is shy | alanıqı junçuwuqdutheirs is shy |
| comparative — more | meniki junçuwuğuraqdımine is shyer | seniki junçuwuğuraqdıyours is shyer | anıqı junçuwuğuraqdıhis is shyer | bizniki junçuwuğuraqdıours is shyer | sizniki junçuwuğuraqdıyours (pl.) is shyer | alanıqı junçuwuğuraqdıtheirs is shyer |
| intensifier — very | meniki bek junçuwuqdumine is very shy | seniki bek junçuwuqduyours is very shy | anıqı bek junçuwuqduhis is very shy | bizniki bek junçuwuqduours is very shy | sizniki bek junçuwuqduyours (pl.) is very shy | alanıqı bek junçuwuqdutheirs is very shy |
| superlative — most | meniki em junçuwuqdumine is the shyest | seniki em junçuwuqduyours is the shyest | anıqı em junçuwuqduhis is the shyest | bizniki em junçuwuqduours is the shyest | sizniki em junçuwuqduyours (pl.) is the shyest | alanıqı em junçuwuqdutheirs is the shyest |
Several things
| Degree | menikilemine | senikileyours | anıqılahis / hers | biznikileours | siznikileyours (pl.) | alanıqılatheirs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | menikile junçuwuqdulamine are shy | senikile junçuwuqdulayours are shy | anıqıla junçuwuqdulahis are shy | biznikile junçuwuqdulaours are shy | siznikile junçuwuqdulayours (pl.) are shy | alanıqıla junçuwuqdulatheirs are shy |
| comparative — more | menikile junçuwuğuraqdılamine are shyer | senikile junçuwuğuraqdılayours are shyer | anıqıla junçuwuğuraqdılahis are shyer | biznikile junçuwuğuraqdılaours are shyer | siznikile junçuwuğuraqdılayours (pl.) are shyer | alanıqıla junçuwuğuraqdılatheirs are shyer |
| intensifier — very | menikile bek junçuwuqdulamine are very shy | senikile bek junçuwuqdulayours are very shy | anıqıla bek junçuwuqdulahis are very shy | biznikile bek junçuwuqdulaours are very shy | siznikile bek junçuwuqdulayours (pl.) are very shy | alanıqıla bek junçuwuqdulatheirs are very shy |
| superlative — most | menikile em junçuwuqdulamine are the shyest | senikile em junçuwuqdulayours are the shyest | anıqıla em junçuwuqdulahis are the shyest | biznikile em junçuwuqdulaours are the shyest | siznikile em junçuwuqdulayours (pl.) are the shyest | alanıqıla em junçuwuqdulatheirs are the shyest |
Any thing takes the third-person ending, not only these: bu junçuwuqdu, bıla junçuwuqdula. In texts biznikile is usually kesibiznikile, "our own people", and a surname with -nıqıla names a family: Dudalanıqıla, "the Dudas".