joŋurçhalarğa
/dʒoŋurtʃxalarʁa/
split into chips, chip, reduce to shavings
- sabiyle tayaqnı joŋurçhaladıla — the children reduced the stick to shavings
- ağaçnı bıçaq bla joŋurçhaladım — I chipped the wood with a knife
- ol butaqnı joŋurçhalaydı — he is splitting the branch into chips
Conjugation
Common forms
- joŋurçhalaydıhe is chipping
- joŋurçhaladıhe chipped
- joŋurçhalağandıhe has chipped
- joŋurçhalarhe will chip
- joŋurçhalarıqdıhe is going to chip
- joŋurçhalay edihe was chipping
- joŋurçhalasaif he chips
- joŋurçhala!chip!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjoŋurçhalaymaI am chipping | senjoŋurçhalaysayou are chipping | oljoŋurçhalaydıhe is chipping | bizjoŋurçhalaybızwe are chipping | sizjoŋurçhalaysızyou all are chipping | alajoŋurçhalaydılathey are chipping |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjoŋurçhalamaymaI am not chipping | senjoŋurçhalamaysayou are not chipping | oljoŋurçhalamaydıhe is not chipping | bizjoŋurçhalamaybızwe are not chipping | sizjoŋurçhalamaysızyou all are not chipping | alajoŋurçhalamaydılathey are not chipping |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjoŋurçhalaymamı? joŋurçhalaymıma?am I chipping? | senjoŋurçhalaymısa?are you chipping? | oljoŋurçhalaymıdı?is he chipping? | bizjoŋurçhalaybızmı? joŋurçhalaymıbız?are we chipping? | sizjoŋurçhalaymısız?are you all chipping? | alajoŋurçhalaymıdıla?are they chipping? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjoŋurçhalamaymamı? joŋurçhalamaymıma?aren't I chipping? | senjoŋurçhalamaymısa?aren't you chipping? | oljoŋurçhalamaymıdı?isn't he chipping? | bizjoŋurçhalamaybızmı? joŋurçhalamaymıbız?aren't we chipping? | sizjoŋurçhalamaymısız?aren't you all chipping? | alajoŋurçhalamaymıdıla?aren't they chipping? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjoŋurçhalawçanmaI usually chip | senjoŋurçhalawçansayou usually chip | oljoŋurçhalawçandıhe usually chips | bizjoŋurçhalawçanbızwe usually chip | sizjoŋurçhalawçansızyou all usually chip | alajoŋurçhalawçandılathey usually chip |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjoŋurçhalamawçanmaI usually don't chip | senjoŋurçhalamawçansayou usually don't chip | oljoŋurçhalamawçandıhe usually doesn't chip | bizjoŋurçhalamawçanbızwe usually don't chip | sizjoŋurçhalamawçansızyou all usually don't chip | alajoŋurçhalamawçandılathey usually don't chip |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjoŋurçhalawçanmamı? joŋurçhalawçanmıma?do I usually chip? | senjoŋurçhalawçanmısa?do you usually chip? | oljoŋurçhalawçanmıdı?does he usually chip? | bizjoŋurçhalawçanbızmı? joŋurçhalawçanmıbız?do we usually chip? | sizjoŋurçhalawçanmısız?do you all usually chip? | alajoŋurçhalawçanmıdıla?do they usually chip? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjoŋurçhalamawçanmamı? joŋurçhalamawçanmıma?do I usually not chip? | senjoŋurçhalamawçanmısa?do you usually not chip? | oljoŋurçhalamawçanmıdı?does he usually not chip? | bizjoŋurçhalamawçanbızmı? joŋurçhalamawçanmıbız?do we usually not chip? | sizjoŋurçhalamawçanmısız?do you all usually not chip? | alajoŋurçhalamawçanmıdıla?do they usually not chip? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oljoŋurçhalabdıhe has chipped and remains so | alajoŋurçhalabdılathey have chipped and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oljoŋurçhalabmıdı?has he chipped? | alajoŋurçhalabmıdıla?have they chipped? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjoŋurçhalab turamaI keep chipping | senjoŋurçhalab turasayou keep chipping | oljoŋurçhalab turadıhe keeps chipping | bizjoŋurçhalab turabızwe keep chipping | sizjoŋurçhalab turasızyou all keep chipping | alajoŋurçhalab turadılathey keep chipping |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjoŋurçhalab turmaymaI don't keep chipping | senjoŋurçhalab turmaysayou don't keep chipping | oljoŋurçhalab turmaydıhe doesn't keep chipping | bizjoŋurçhalab turmaybızwe don't keep chipping | sizjoŋurçhalab turmaysızyou all don't keep chipping | alajoŋurçhalab turmaydılathey don't keep chipping |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjoŋurçhalab turamamı? joŋurçhalab turamıma?do I keep chipping? | senjoŋurçhalab turamısa?do you keep chipping? | oljoŋurçhalab turamıdı?does he keep chipping? | bizjoŋurçhalab turabızmı? joŋurçhalab turamıbız?do we keep chipping? | sizjoŋurçhalab turamısız?do you all keep chipping? | alajoŋurçhalab turamıdıla?do they keep chipping? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjoŋurçhalab turmaymamı? joŋurçhalab turmaymıma?don't I keep chipping? | senjoŋurçhalab turmaymısa?don't you keep chipping? | oljoŋurçhalab turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep chipping? | bizjoŋurçhalab turmaybızmı? joŋurçhalab turmaymıbız?don't we keep chipping? | sizjoŋurçhalab turmaymısız?don't you all keep chipping? | alajoŋurçhalab turmaymıdıla?don't they keep chipping? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjoŋurçhalay turamaI am in the middle of chipping | senjoŋurçhalay turasayou are in the middle of chipping | oljoŋurçhalay turadıhe is in the middle of chipping | bizjoŋurçhalay turabızwe are in the middle of chipping | sizjoŋurçhalay turasızyou all are in the middle of chipping | alajoŋurçhalay turadılathey are in the middle of chipping |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjoŋurçhalay turmaymaI am not in the middle of chipping | senjoŋurçhalay turmaysayou are not in the middle of chipping | oljoŋurçhalay turmaydıhe is not in the middle of chipping | bizjoŋurçhalay turmaybızwe are not in the middle of chipping | sizjoŋurçhalay turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of chipping | alajoŋurçhalay turmaydılathey are not in the middle of chipping |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjoŋurçhalay turamamı? joŋurçhalay turamıma?am I in the middle of chipping? | senjoŋurçhalay turamısa?are you in the middle of chipping? | oljoŋurçhalay turamıdı?is he in the middle of chipping? | bizjoŋurçhalay turabızmı? joŋurçhalay turamıbız?are we in the middle of chipping? | sizjoŋurçhalay turamısız?are you all in the middle of chipping? | alajoŋurçhalay turamıdıla?are they in the middle of chipping? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjoŋurçhalay turmaymamı? joŋurçhalay turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of chipping? | senjoŋurçhalay turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of chipping? | oljoŋurçhalay turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of chipping? | bizjoŋurçhalay turmaybızmı? joŋurçhalay turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of chipping? | sizjoŋurçhalay turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of chipping? | alajoŋurçhalay turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of chipping? |
| Simple past (definite) | menjoŋurçhaladımI chipped | senjoŋurçhaladıŋyou chipped | oljoŋurçhaladıhe chipped | bizjoŋurçhaladıqwe chipped | sizjoŋurçhaladığızyou all chipped | alajoŋurçhaladılathey chipped |
| Simple past (definite) | menjoŋurçhalamadımI didn't chip | senjoŋurçhalamadıŋyou didn't chip | oljoŋurçhalamadıhe didn't chip | bizjoŋurçhalamadıqwe didn't chip | sizjoŋurçhalamadığızyou all didn't chip | alajoŋurçhalamadılathey didn't chip |
| Simple past (definite) | menjoŋurçhaladımmı?did I chip? | senjoŋurçhaladıŋmı?did you chip? | oljoŋurçhaladımı?did he chip? | bizjoŋurçhaladıqmı?did we chip? | sizjoŋurçhaladığızmı?did you all chip? | alajoŋurçhaladılamı?did they chip? |
| Simple past (definite) | menjoŋurçhalamadımmı?didn't I chip? | senjoŋurçhalamadıŋmı?didn't you chip? | oljoŋurçhalamadımı?didn't he chip? | bizjoŋurçhalamadıqmı?didn't we chip? | sizjoŋurçhalamadığızmı?didn't you all chip? | alajoŋurçhalamadılamı?didn't they chip? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjoŋurçhalağanmaI have chipped | senjoŋurçhalağansayou have chipped | oljoŋurçhalağandıhe has chipped | bizjoŋurçhalağanbızwe have chipped | sizjoŋurçhalağansızyou all have chipped | alajoŋurçhalağandılathey have chipped |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjoŋurçhalamağanmaI haven't chipped | senjoŋurçhalamağansayou haven't chipped | oljoŋurçhalamağandıhe hasn't chipped | bizjoŋurçhalamağanbızwe haven't chipped | sizjoŋurçhalamağansızyou all haven't chipped | alajoŋurçhalamağandılathey haven't chipped |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjoŋurçhalağanmamı? joŋurçhalağanmıma?have I chipped? | senjoŋurçhalağanmısa?have you chipped? | oljoŋurçhalağanmıdı?has he chipped? | bizjoŋurçhalağanbızmı? joŋurçhalağanmıbız?have we chipped? | sizjoŋurçhalağanmısız?have you all chipped? | alajoŋurçhalağanmıdıla?have they chipped? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjoŋurçhalamağanmamı? joŋurçhalamağanmıma?haven't I chipped? | senjoŋurçhalamağanmısa?haven't you chipped? | oljoŋurçhalamağanmıdı?hasn't he chipped? | bizjoŋurçhalamağanbızmı? joŋurçhalamağanmıbız?haven't we chipped? | sizjoŋurçhalamağanmısız?haven't you all chipped? | alajoŋurçhalamağanmıdıla?haven't they chipped? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menjoŋurçhalab turdumI kept chipping | senjoŋurçhalab turduŋyou kept chipping | oljoŋurçhalab turduhe kept chipping | bizjoŋurçhalab turduqwe kept chipping | sizjoŋurçhalab turduğuzyou all kept chipping | alajoŋurçhalab turdulathey kept chipping |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menjoŋurçhalab turmadımI didn't keep chipping | senjoŋurçhalab turmadıŋyou didn't keep chipping | oljoŋurçhalab turmadıhe didn't keep chipping | bizjoŋurçhalab turmadıqwe didn't keep chipping | sizjoŋurçhalab turmadığızyou all didn't keep chipping | alajoŋurçhalab turmadılathey didn't keep chipping |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjoŋurçhalarmaI will chip | senjoŋurçhalarsayou will chip | oljoŋurçhalarhe will chip | bizjoŋurçhalarbızwe will chip | sizjoŋurçhalarsızyou all will chip | alajoŋurçhalarlathey will chip |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjoŋurçhalamazmaI won't chip | senjoŋurçhalamazsayou won't chip | oljoŋurçhalamazhe won't chip | bizjoŋurçhalamazbızwe won't chip | sizjoŋurçhalamazsızyou all won't chip | alajoŋurçhalamazlathey won't chip |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjoŋurçhalarmamı? joŋurçhalarmıma?will I chip? | senjoŋurçhalarmısa?will you chip? | oljoŋurçhalarmı?will he chip? | bizjoŋurçhalarbızmı? joŋurçhalarmıbız?will we chip? | sizjoŋurçhalarmısız?will you all chip? | alajoŋurçhalarlamı? joŋurçhalarmıla?will they chip? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjoŋurçhalamazmamı? joŋurçhalamazmıma?won't I chip? | senjoŋurçhalamazmısa?won't you chip? | oljoŋurçhalamazmı?won't he chip? | bizjoŋurçhalamazbızmı? joŋurçhalamazmıbız?won't we chip? | sizjoŋurçhalamazmısız?won't you all chip? | alajoŋurçhalamazlamı? joŋurçhalamazmıla?won't they chip? |
| Definite future (future II) | menjoŋurçhalarıqmaI am going to chip | senjoŋurçhalarıqsayou are going to chip | oljoŋurçhalarıqdıhe is going to chip | bizjoŋurçhalarıqbızwe are going to chip | sizjoŋurçhalarıqsızyou all are going to chip | alajoŋurçhalarıqdılathey are going to chip |
| Definite future (future II) | menjoŋurçhalarıq tülmeI am not going to chip | senjoŋurçhalarıq tülseyou are not going to chip | oljoŋurçhalarıq tüldühe is not going to chip | bizjoŋurçhalarıq tülbüzwe are not going to chip | sizjoŋurçhalarıq tülsüzyou all are not going to chip | alajoŋurçhalarıq tüldülethey are not going to chip |
| Definite future (future II) | menjoŋurçhalarıqmamı? joŋurçhalarıqmıma?am I going to chip? | senjoŋurçhalarıqmısa?are you going to chip? | oljoŋurçhalarıqmıdı?is he going to chip? | bizjoŋurçhalarıqbızmı? joŋurçhalarıqmıbız?are we going to chip? | sizjoŋurçhalarıqmısız?are you all going to chip? | alajoŋurçhalarıqmıdıla?are they going to chip? |
| Definite future (future II) | menjoŋurçhalarıq tülmüme?aren't I going to chip? | senjoŋurçhalarıq tülmüse?aren't you going to chip? | oljoŋurçhalarıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to chip? | bizjoŋurçhalarıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to chip? | sizjoŋurçhalarıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to chip? | alajoŋurçhalarıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to chip? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menjoŋurçhalağan edimjoŋurçhalağanemI had chipped | senjoŋurçhalağan ediŋjoŋurçhalağaneŋyou had chipped | oljoŋurçhalağan edijoŋurçhalağanedhe had chipped | bizjoŋurçhalağan edikjoŋurçhalağanekwe had chipped | sizjoŋurçhalağan edigizjoŋurçhalağanegizyou all had chipped | alajoŋurçhalağan edilejoŋurçhalağanellethey had chipped |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menjoŋurçhalamağan edimjoŋurçhalamağanemI hadn't chipped | senjoŋurçhalamağan ediŋjoŋurçhalamağaneŋyou hadn't chipped | oljoŋurçhalamağan edijoŋurçhalamağanedhe hadn't chipped | bizjoŋurçhalamağan edikjoŋurçhalamağanekwe hadn't chipped | sizjoŋurçhalamağan edigizjoŋurçhalamağanegizyou all hadn't chipped | alajoŋurçhalamağan edilejoŋurçhalamağanellethey hadn't chipped |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menjoŋurçhalay edimjoŋurçhalayemI was chipping | senjoŋurçhalay ediŋjoŋurçhalayeŋyou were chipping | oljoŋurçhalay edijoŋurçhalayedhe was chipping | bizjoŋurçhalay edikjoŋurçhalayekwe were chipping | sizjoŋurçhalay edigizjoŋurçhalayegizyou all were chipping | alajoŋurçhalay edilejoŋurçhalayellethey were chipping |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menjoŋurçhalamay edimjoŋurçhalamayemI wasn't chipping | senjoŋurçhalamay ediŋjoŋurçhalamayeŋyou weren't chipping | oljoŋurçhalamay edijoŋurçhalamayedhe wasn't chipping | bizjoŋurçhalamay edikjoŋurçhalamayekwe weren't chipping | sizjoŋurçhalamay edigizjoŋurçhalamayegizyou all weren't chipping | alajoŋurçhalamay edilejoŋurçhalamayellethey weren't chipping |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menjoŋurçhalawçan edimjoŋurçhalawçanemI used to chip | senjoŋurçhalawçan ediŋjoŋurçhalawçaneŋyou used to chip | oljoŋurçhalawçan edijoŋurçhalawçanedhe used to chip | bizjoŋurçhalawçan edikjoŋurçhalawçanekwe used to chip | sizjoŋurçhalawçan edigizjoŋurçhalawçanegizyou all used to chip | alajoŋurçhalawçan edilejoŋurçhalawçanellethey used to chip |
| Habitual past (used to) | menjoŋurçhalamawçan edimjoŋurçhalamawçanemI didn't use to chip | senjoŋurçhalamawçan ediŋjoŋurçhalamawçaneŋyou didn't use to chip | oljoŋurçhalamawçan edijoŋurçhalamawçanedhe didn't use to chip | bizjoŋurçhalamawçan edikjoŋurçhalamawçanekwe didn't use to chip | sizjoŋurçhalamawçan edigizjoŋurçhalamawçanegizyou all didn't use to chip | alajoŋurçhalamawçan edilejoŋurçhalamawçanellethey didn't use to chip |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oljoŋurçhalab edihe had chipped and remained so | alajoŋurçhalab edilethey had chipped and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oljoŋurçhalab tül edihe hadn't chipped | alajoŋurçhalab tül edilethey hadn't chipped | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menjoŋurçhalab tura edimjoŋurçhalab turaemI had kept chipping | senjoŋurçhalab tura ediŋjoŋurçhalab turaeŋyou had kept chipping | oljoŋurçhalab tura edijoŋurçhalab turaedhe had kept chipping | bizjoŋurçhalab tura edikjoŋurçhalab turaekwe had kept chipping | sizjoŋurçhalab tura edigizjoŋurçhalab turaegizyou all had kept chipping | alajoŋurçhalab tura edilejoŋurçhalab turaellethey had kept chipping |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menjoŋurçhalab turmay edimjoŋurçhalab turmayemI hadn't kept chipping | senjoŋurçhalab turmay ediŋjoŋurçhalab turmayeŋyou hadn't kept chipping | oljoŋurçhalab turmay edijoŋurçhalab turmayedhe hadn't kept chipping | bizjoŋurçhalab turmay edikjoŋurçhalab turmayekwe hadn't kept chipping | sizjoŋurçhalab turmay edigizjoŋurçhalab turmayegizyou all hadn't kept chipping | alajoŋurçhalab turmay edilejoŋurçhalab turmayellethey hadn't kept chipping |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menjoŋurçhalay tura edimjoŋurçhalay turaemI was in the middle of chipping | senjoŋurçhalay tura ediŋjoŋurçhalay turaeŋyou were in the middle of chipping | oljoŋurçhalay tura edijoŋurçhalay turaedhe was in the middle of chipping | bizjoŋurçhalay tura edikjoŋurçhalay turaekwe were in the middle of chipping | sizjoŋurçhalay tura edigizjoŋurçhalay turaegizyou all were in the middle of chipping | alajoŋurçhalay tura edilejoŋurçhalay turaellethey were in the middle of chipping |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menjoŋurçhalay turmay edimjoŋurçhalay turmayemI wasn't in the middle of chipping | senjoŋurçhalay turmay ediŋjoŋurçhalay turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of chipping | oljoŋurçhalay turmay edijoŋurçhalay turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of chipping | bizjoŋurçhalay turmay edikjoŋurçhalay turmayekwe weren't in the middle of chipping | sizjoŋurçhalay turmay edigizjoŋurçhalay turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of chipping | alajoŋurçhalay turmay edilejoŋurçhalay turmayellethey weren't in the middle of chipping |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menjoŋurçhalar edimjoŋurçhalar emI would chip | senjoŋurçhalar ediŋjoŋurçhalar eŋyou would chip | oljoŋurçhalar edijoŋurçhalar edhe would chip | bizjoŋurçhalar edikjoŋurçhalar ekwe would chip | sizjoŋurçhalar edigizjoŋurçhalar egizyou all would chip | alajoŋurçhalar edilejoŋurçhalar ellethey would chip |
| Conditional result (would) | menjoŋurçhalamaz edimjoŋurçhalamaz emI wouldn't chip | senjoŋurçhalamaz ediŋjoŋurçhalamaz eŋyou wouldn't chip | oljoŋurçhalamaz edijoŋurçhalamaz edhe wouldn't chip | bizjoŋurçhalamaz edikjoŋurçhalamaz ekwe wouldn't chip | sizjoŋurçhalamaz edigizjoŋurçhalamaz egizyou all wouldn't chip | alajoŋurçhalamaz edilejoŋurçhalamaz ellethey wouldn't chip |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menjoŋurçhalarıq edimjoŋurçhalarıq emI would have chipped | senjoŋurçhalarıq ediŋjoŋurçhalarıq eŋyou would have chipped | oljoŋurçhalarıq edijoŋurçhalarıq edhe would have chipped | bizjoŋurçhalarıq edikjoŋurçhalarıq ekwe would have chipped | sizjoŋurçhalarıq edigizjoŋurçhalarıq egizyou all would have chipped | alajoŋurçhalarıq edilejoŋurçhalarıq ellethey would have chipped |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menjoŋurçhalarıq tül edimjoŋurçhalarıq tül emI wouldn't have chipped | senjoŋurçhalarıq tül ediŋjoŋurçhalarıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have chipped | oljoŋurçhalarıq tül edijoŋurçhalarıq tül edhe wouldn't have chipped | bizjoŋurçhalarıq tül edikjoŋurçhalarıq tül ekwe wouldn't have chipped | sizjoŋurçhalarıq tül edigizjoŋurçhalarıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have chipped | alajoŋurçhalarıq tül edilejoŋurçhalarıq tül ellethey wouldn't have chipped |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menjoŋurçhalasamif I chip | senjoŋurçhalasaŋif you chip | oljoŋurçhalasaif he chips | bizjoŋurçhalasaqif we chip | sizjoŋurçhalasağızif you all chip | alajoŋurçhalasalaif they chip |
| Conditional | menjoŋurçhalamasamif I don't chip | senjoŋurçhalamasaŋif you don't chip | oljoŋurçhalamasaif he doesn't chip | bizjoŋurçhalamasaqif we don't chip | sizjoŋurçhalamasağızif you all don't chip | alajoŋurçhalamasalaif they don't chip |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menjoŋurçhalay esemif I am chipping | senjoŋurçhalay eseŋif you are chipping | oljoŋurçhalay eseif he is chipping | bizjoŋurçhalay esekif we are chipping | sizjoŋurçhalay esegizif you all are chipping | alajoŋurçhalay eseleif they are chipping |
| Conditional, present real | menjoŋurçhalamay esemif I am not chipping | senjoŋurçhalamay eseŋif you are not chipping | oljoŋurçhalamay eseif he is not chipping | bizjoŋurçhalamay esekif we are not chipping | sizjoŋurçhalamay esegizif you all are not chipping | alajoŋurçhalamay eseleif they are not chipping |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menjoŋurçhalasam edijoŋurçhalasam edif only I chipped | senjoŋurçhalasaŋ edijoŋurçhalasaŋ edif only you chipped | oljoŋurçhalasa edijoŋurçhalasaedif only he chipped | bizjoŋurçhalasaq edijoŋurçhalasaq edif only we chipped | sizjoŋurçhalasağız edijoŋurçhalasağız edif only you all chipped | alajoŋurçhalasala edijoŋurçhalasalaedif only they chipped |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menjoŋurçhalamasam edijoŋurçhalamasam edif only I didn't chip | senjoŋurçhalamasaŋ edijoŋurçhalamasaŋ edif only you didn't chip | oljoŋurçhalamasa edijoŋurçhalamasaedif only he didn't chip | bizjoŋurçhalamasaq edijoŋurçhalamasaq edif only we didn't chip | sizjoŋurçhalamasağız edijoŋurçhalamasağız edif only you all didn't chip | alajoŋurçhalamasala edijoŋurçhalamasalaedif only they didn't chip |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menjoŋurçhalab tursamif I carry on chipping | senjoŋurçhalab tursaŋif you carry on chipping | oljoŋurçhalab tursaif he carries on chipping | bizjoŋurçhalab tursaqif we carry on chipping | sizjoŋurçhalab tursağızif you all carry on chipping | alajoŋurçhalab tursalaif they carry on chipping |
| Durative conditional | menjoŋurçhalab turmasamif I don't carry on chipping | senjoŋurçhalab turmasaŋif you don't carry on chipping | oljoŋurçhalab turmasaif he doesn't carry on chipping | bizjoŋurçhalab turmasaqif we don't carry on chipping | sizjoŋurçhalab turmasağızif you all don't carry on chipping | alajoŋurçhalab turmasalaif they don't carry on chipping |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menjoŋurçhalab tura esemif I have kept chipping | senjoŋurçhalab tura eseŋif you have kept chipping | oljoŋurçhalab tura eseif he has kept chipping | bizjoŋurçhalab tura esekif we have kept chipping | sizjoŋurçhalab tura esegizif you all have kept chipping | alajoŋurçhalab tura eseleif they have kept chipping |
| Durative conditional, present real | menjoŋurçhalab turmay esemif I haven't kept chipping | senjoŋurçhalab turmay eseŋif you haven't kept chipping | oljoŋurçhalab turmay eseif he hasn't kept chipping | bizjoŋurçhalab turmay esekif we haven't kept chipping | sizjoŋurçhalab turmay esegizif you all haven't kept chipping | alajoŋurçhalab turmay eseleif they haven't kept chipping |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menjoŋurçhalay tursamif I keep chipping | senjoŋurçhalay tursaŋif you keep chipping | oljoŋurçhalay tursaif he keeps chipping | bizjoŋurçhalay tursaqif we keep chipping | sizjoŋurçhalay tursağızif you all keep chipping | alajoŋurçhalay tursalaif they keep chipping |
| Progressive conditional | menjoŋurçhalamay tursamif I keep on not chipping | senjoŋurçhalamay tursaŋif you keep on not chipping | oljoŋurçhalamay tursaif he keeps on not chipping | bizjoŋurçhalamay tursaqif we keep on not chipping | sizjoŋurçhalamay tursağızif you all keep on not chipping | alajoŋurçhalamay tursalaif they keep on not chipping |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menjoŋurçhalay tura esemif I am in the middle of chipping | senjoŋurçhalay tura eseŋif you are in the middle of chipping | oljoŋurçhalay tura eseif he is in the middle of chipping | bizjoŋurçhalay tura esekif we are in the middle of chipping | sizjoŋurçhalay tura esegizif you all are in the middle of chipping | alajoŋurçhalay tura eseleif they are in the middle of chipping |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menjoŋurçhalamay tura esemif I keep on not chipping | senjoŋurçhalamay tura eseŋif you keep on not chipping | oljoŋurçhalamay tura eseif he keeps on not chipping | bizjoŋurçhalamay tura esekif we keep on not chipping | sizjoŋurçhalamay tura esegizif you all keep on not chipping | alajoŋurçhalamay tura eseleif they keep on not chipping |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menjoŋurçhaladım esemif I chipped | senjoŋurçhaladıŋ eseŋif you chipped | oljoŋurçhaladı eseif he chipped | bizjoŋurçhaladıq esekif we chipped | sizjoŋurçhaladığız esegizif you all chipped | alajoŋurçhaladıla eseleif they chipped |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menjoŋurçhalamadım esemif I didn't chip | senjoŋurçhalamadıŋ eseŋif you didn't chip | oljoŋurçhalamadı eseif he didn't chip | bizjoŋurçhalamadıq esekif we didn't chip | sizjoŋurçhalamadığız esegizif you all didn't chip | alajoŋurçhalamadıla eseleif they didn't chip |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menjoŋurçhalağan esemif I did chip (indeed) | senjoŋurçhalağan eseŋif you did chip (indeed) | oljoŋurçhalağan eseif he did chip (indeed) | bizjoŋurçhalağan esekif we did chip (indeed) | sizjoŋurçhalağan esegizif you all did chip (indeed) | alajoŋurçhalağan eseleif they did chip (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menjoŋurçhalamağan esemif I didn't chip (indeed) | senjoŋurçhalamağan eseŋif you didn't chip (indeed) | oljoŋurçhalamağan eseif he didn't chip (indeed) | bizjoŋurçhalamağan esekif we didn't chip (indeed) | sizjoŋurçhalamağan esegizif you all didn't chip (indeed) | alajoŋurçhalamağan eseleif they didn't chip (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menjoŋurçhalağan bolsamif I had chipped | senjoŋurçhalağan bolsaŋif you had chipped | oljoŋurçhalağan bolsaif he had chipped | bizjoŋurçhalağan bolsaqif we had chipped | sizjoŋurçhalağan bolsağızif you all had chipped | alajoŋurçhalağan bolsalaif they had chipped |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menjoŋurçhalamağan bolsamif I hadn't chipped | senjoŋurçhalamağan bolsaŋif you hadn't chipped | oljoŋurçhalamağan bolsaif he hadn't chipped | bizjoŋurçhalamağan bolsaqif we hadn't chipped | sizjoŋurçhalamağan bolsağızif you all hadn't chipped | alajoŋurçhalamağan bolsalaif they hadn't chipped |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menjoŋurçhalağan bolsam edijoŋurçhalağan bolsam edif only I had chipped | senjoŋurçhalağan bolsaŋ edijoŋurçhalağan bolsaŋ edif only you had chipped | oljoŋurçhalağan bolsa edijoŋurçhalağan bolsaedif only he had chipped | bizjoŋurçhalağan bolsaq edijoŋurçhalağan bolsaq edif only we had chipped | sizjoŋurçhalağan bolsağız edijoŋurçhalağan bolsağız edif only you all had chipped | alajoŋurçhalağan bolsala edijoŋurçhalağan bolsalaedif only they had chipped |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menjoŋurçhalamağan bolsam edijoŋurçhalamağan bolsam edif only I hadn't chipped | senjoŋurçhalamağan bolsaŋ edijoŋurçhalamağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't chipped | oljoŋurçhalamağan bolsa edijoŋurçhalamağan bolsaedif only he hadn't chipped | bizjoŋurçhalamağan bolsaq edijoŋurçhalamağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't chipped | sizjoŋurçhalamağan bolsağız edijoŋurçhalamağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't chipped | alajoŋurçhalamağan bolsala edijoŋurçhalamağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't chipped |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menjoŋurçhalar esemif I will chip | senjoŋurçhalar eseŋif you will chip | oljoŋurçhalar eseif he will chip | bizjoŋurçhalar esekif we will chip | sizjoŋurçhalar esegizif you all will chip | alajoŋurçhalar eseleif they will chip |
| Conditional, aorist | menjoŋurçhalamaz esemif I won't chip | senjoŋurçhalamaz eseŋif you won't chip | oljoŋurçhalamaz eseif he won't chip | bizjoŋurçhalamaz esekif we won't chip | sizjoŋurçhalamaz esegizif you all won't chip | alajoŋurçhalamaz eseleif they won't chip |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menjoŋurçhalarıq esemif I am going to chip | senjoŋurçhalarıq eseŋif you are going to chip | oljoŋurçhalarıq eseif he is going to chip | bizjoŋurçhalarıq esekif we are going to chip | sizjoŋurçhalarıq esegizif you all are going to chip | alajoŋurçhalarıq eseleif they are going to chip |
| Conditional, future | menjoŋurçhalarıq tül esemif I am not going to chip | senjoŋurçhalarıq tül eseŋif you are not going to chip | oljoŋurçhalarıq tül eseif he is not going to chip | bizjoŋurçhalarıq tül esekif we are not going to chip | sizjoŋurçhalarıq tül esegizif you all are not going to chip | alajoŋurçhalarıq tül eseleif they are not going to chip |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menjoŋurçhalarıq bolsamif I were going to chip | senjoŋurçhalarıq bolsaŋif you were going to chip | oljoŋurçhalarıq bolsaif he were going to chip | bizjoŋurçhalarıq bolsaqif we were going to chip | sizjoŋurçhalarıq bolsağızif you all were going to chip | alajoŋurçhalarıq bolsalaif they were going to chip |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menjoŋurçhalamazlıq bolsamif I were not going to chip | senjoŋurçhalamazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to chip | oljoŋurçhalamazlıq bolsaif he were not going to chip | bizjoŋurçhalamazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to chip | sizjoŋurçhalamazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to chip | alajoŋurçhalamazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to chip |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso joŋurçhaladıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menjoŋurçhalay bolurmaI must be chipping | senjoŋurçhalay bolursayou must be chipping | oljoŋurçhalay bolurhe must be chipping | bizjoŋurçhalay bolurbuzwe must be chipping | sizjoŋurçhalay bolursuzyou all must be chipping | alajoŋurçhalay bolurlathey must be chipping |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menjoŋurçhalamay bolurmaI must not be chipping | senjoŋurçhalamay bolursayou must not be chipping | oljoŋurçhalamay bolurhe must not be chipping | bizjoŋurçhalamay bolurbuzwe must not be chipping | sizjoŋurçhalamay bolursuzyou all must not be chipping | alajoŋurçhalamay bolurlathey must not be chipping |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menjoŋurçhalay tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of chipping | senjoŋurçhalay tura bolursayou must be in the middle of chipping | oljoŋurçhalay tura bolurhe must be in the middle of chipping | bizjoŋurçhalay tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of chipping | sizjoŋurçhalay tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of chipping | alajoŋurçhalay tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of chipping |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menjoŋurçhalamay tura bolurmaI must keep on not chipping | senjoŋurçhalamay tura bolursayou must keep on not chipping | oljoŋurçhalamay tura bolurhe must keep on not chipping | bizjoŋurçhalamay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not chipping | sizjoŋurçhalamay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not chipping | alajoŋurçhalamay tura bolurlathey must keep on not chipping |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menjoŋurçhalağan bolurmaI must have chipped | senjoŋurçhalağan bolursayou must have chipped | oljoŋurçhalağan bolurhe must have chipped | bizjoŋurçhalağan bolurbuzwe must have chipped | sizjoŋurçhalağan bolursuzyou all must have chipped | alajoŋurçhalağan bolurlathey must have chipped |
| Inference (must have) | menjoŋurçhalamağan bolurmaI must not have chipped | senjoŋurçhalamağan bolursayou must not have chipped | oljoŋurçhalamağan bolurhe must not have chipped | bizjoŋurçhalamağan bolurbuzwe must not have chipped | sizjoŋurçhalamağan bolursuzyou all must not have chipped | alajoŋurçhalamağan bolurlathey must not have chipped |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menjoŋurçhalarıq bolurmaI must be going to chip | senjoŋurçhalarıq bolursayou must be going to chip | oljoŋurçhalarıq bolurhe must be going to chip | bizjoŋurçhalarıq bolurbuzwe must be going to chip | sizjoŋurçhalarıq bolursuzyou all must be going to chip | alajoŋurçhalarıq bolurlathey must be going to chip |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menjoŋurçhalamazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to chip | senjoŋurçhalamazlıq bolursayou must not be going to chip | oljoŋurçhalamazlıq bolurhe must not be going to chip | bizjoŋurçhalamazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to chip | sizjoŋurçhalamazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to chip | alajoŋurçhalamazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to chip |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menjoŋurçhalayımlet me chip | senjoŋurçhala!chip! | oljoŋurçhalasınlet him chip | bizjoŋurçhalayıqlet's chip | sizjoŋurçhalağız!chip, you all! | alajoŋurçhalasınlalet them chip |
| Commands & suggestions | menjoŋurçhalamayımlet me not chip | senjoŋurçhalama!don't chip! | oljoŋurçhalamasınlet him not chip | bizjoŋurçhalamayıqlet's not chip | sizjoŋurçhalamağız!don't chip, you all! | alajoŋurçhalamasınlalet them not chip |
| Commands & suggestions | menjoŋurçhalayımmı?shall I chip? | oljoŋurçhalasınmı?should he chip? | bizjoŋurçhalayıqmı?shall we chip? | alajoŋurçhalasınlamı?should they chip? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menjoŋurçhalamayımmı?shall I not chip? | oljoŋurçhalamasınmı?should he not chip? | bizjoŋurçhalamayıqmı?shall we not chip? | alajoŋurçhalamasınlamı?should they not chip? | ||
| Requests | senjoŋurçhalaçı2joŋurçhalaçınplease chip | oljoŋurçhalasınçıdo let him chip | sizjoŋurçhalaçığızplease chip (plural/polite) | alajoŋurçhalasınlaçıdo let them chip | ||
| Requests | senjoŋurçhalamaçı2joŋurçhalamaçınplease don't chip | oljoŋurçhalamasınçıdo let him not chip | sizjoŋurçhalamaçığızplease don't chip (plural/polite) | alajoŋurçhalamasınlaçıdo let them not chip | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senjoŋurçhalağınjoŋurçhalağımay you chip | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senjoŋurçhalamağınjoŋurçhalamağımay you not chip | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menjoŋurçhalağay edim joŋurçhalağa edimwould that I chipped | senjoŋurçhalağay ediŋ joŋurçhalağa ediŋwould that you chipped | oljoŋurçhalağay edi joŋurçhalağa ediwould that he chipped | bizjoŋurçhalağay edik joŋurçhalağa edikwould that we chipped | sizjoŋurçhalağay edigiz joŋurçhalağa edigizwould that you all chipped | alajoŋurçhalağay edile joŋurçhalağa edilewould that they chipped |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menjoŋurçhalamağay edim joŋurçhalamağa edimwould that I did not chip | senjoŋurçhalamağay ediŋ joŋurçhalamağa ediŋwould that you did not chip | oljoŋurçhalamağay edi joŋurçhalamağa ediwould that he did not chip | bizjoŋurçhalamağay edik joŋurçhalamağa edikwould that we did not chip | sizjoŋurçhalamağay edigiz joŋurçhalamağa edigizwould that you all did not chip | alajoŋurçhalamağay edile joŋurçhalamağa edilewould that they did not chip |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menjoŋurçhalamağa qoyayımjoŋurçhalama qoyayımlet me allow someone to chip | senjoŋurçhalamağa qoy!joŋurçhalama qoy!let someone chip! | oljoŋurçhalamağa qoysunjoŋurçhalama qoysunlet him allow someone to chip | bizjoŋurçhalamağa qoyayıqjoŋurçhalama qoyayıqlet's allow someone to chip | sizjoŋurçhalamağa qoyuğuz!joŋurçhalama qoyuğuz!let someone chip, you all! | alajoŋurçhalamağa qoysunlajoŋurçhalama qoysunlalet them allow someone to chip |
| Let someone… (commands) | menjoŋurçhalamağa qoymayımjoŋurçhalama qoymayımlet me not allow someone to chip | senjoŋurçhalamağa qoyma!joŋurçhalama qoyma!don't let someone chip! | oljoŋurçhalamağa qoymasınjoŋurçhalama qoymasınlet him not allow someone to chip | bizjoŋurçhalamağa qoymayıqjoŋurçhalama qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to chip | sizjoŋurçhalamağa qoymağız!joŋurçhalama qoymağız!don't let someone chip, you all! | alajoŋurçhalamağa qoymasınlajoŋurçhalama qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to chip |
| Let someone… (commands) | menjoŋurçhalamağa qoyayımmı?joŋurçhalama qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to chip? | oljoŋurçhalamağa qoysunmu?joŋurçhalama qoysunmu?should he allow someone to chip? | bizjoŋurçhalamağa qoyayıqmı?joŋurçhalama qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to chip? | alajoŋurçhalamağa qoysunlamı?joŋurçhalama qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to chip? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menjoŋurçhalamağa qoymayımmı?joŋurçhalama qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to chip? | oljoŋurçhalamağa qoymasınmı?joŋurçhalama qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to chip? | bizjoŋurçhalamağa qoymayıqmı?joŋurçhalama qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to chip? | alajoŋurçhalamağa qoymasınlamı?joŋurçhalama qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to chip? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menjoŋurçhalamağa qoyamajoŋurçhalama qoyamaI allow someone to chip | senjoŋurçhalamağa qoyasajoŋurçhalama qoyasayou allow someone to chip | oljoŋurçhalamağa qoyadıjoŋurçhalama qoyadıhe allows someone to chip | bizjoŋurçhalamağa qoyabızjoŋurçhalama qoyabızwe allow someone to chip | sizjoŋurçhalamağa qoyasızjoŋurçhalama qoyasızyou all allow someone to chip | alajoŋurçhalamağa qoyadılajoŋurçhalama qoyadılathey allow someone to chip |
| Let someone… (present) | menjoŋurçhalamağa qoymaymajoŋurçhalama qoymaymaI don't allow someone to chip | senjoŋurçhalamağa qoymaysajoŋurçhalama qoymaysayou don't allow someone to chip | oljoŋurçhalamağa qoymaydıjoŋurçhalama qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to chip | bizjoŋurçhalamağa qoymaybızjoŋurçhalama qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to chip | sizjoŋurçhalamağa qoymaysızjoŋurçhalama qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to chip | alajoŋurçhalamağa qoymaydılajoŋurçhalama qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to chip |
| Let someone… (present) | menjoŋurçhalamağa qoyamamı?joŋurçhalama qoyamamı?do I allow someone to chip? | senjoŋurçhalamağa qoyamısa?joŋurçhalama qoyamısa?do you allow someone to chip? | oljoŋurçhalamağa qoyamıdı?joŋurçhalama qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to chip? | bizjoŋurçhalamağa qoyabızmı?joŋurçhalama qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to chip? | sizjoŋurçhalamağa qoyamısız?joŋurçhalama qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to chip? | alajoŋurçhalamağa qoyamıdıla?joŋurçhalama qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to chip? |
| Let someone… (present) | menjoŋurçhalamağa qoymaymamı?joŋurçhalama qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to chip? | senjoŋurçhalamağa qoymaymısa?joŋurçhalama qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to chip? | oljoŋurçhalamağa qoymaymıdı?joŋurçhalama qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to chip? | bizjoŋurçhalamağa qoymaybızmı?joŋurçhalama qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to chip? | sizjoŋurçhalamağa qoymaymısız?joŋurçhalama qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to chip? | alajoŋurçhalamağa qoymaymıdıla?joŋurçhalama qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to chip? |
| Let someone… (past) | menjoŋurçhalamağa qoydumjoŋurçhalama qoydumI allowed someone to chip | senjoŋurçhalamağa qoyduŋjoŋurçhalama qoyduŋyou allowed someone to chip | oljoŋurçhalamağa qoydujoŋurçhalama qoyduhe allowed someone to chip | bizjoŋurçhalamağa qoyduqjoŋurçhalama qoyduqwe allowed someone to chip | sizjoŋurçhalamağa qoyduğuzjoŋurçhalama qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to chip | alajoŋurçhalamağa qoydulajoŋurçhalama qoydulathey allowed someone to chip |
| Let someone… (past) | menjoŋurçhalamağa qoymadımjoŋurçhalama qoymadımI didn't allow someone to chip | senjoŋurçhalamağa qoymadıŋjoŋurçhalama qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to chip | oljoŋurçhalamağa qoymadıjoŋurçhalama qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to chip | bizjoŋurçhalamağa qoymadıqjoŋurçhalama qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to chip | sizjoŋurçhalamağa qoymadığızjoŋurçhalama qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to chip | alajoŋurçhalamağa qoymadılajoŋurçhalama qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to chip |
| Let someone… (past) | menjoŋurçhalamağa qoydummu?joŋurçhalama qoydummu?did I allow someone to chip? | senjoŋurçhalamağa qoyduŋmu?joŋurçhalama qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to chip? | oljoŋurçhalamağa qoydumu?joŋurçhalama qoydumu?did he allow someone to chip? | bizjoŋurçhalamağa qoyduqmu?joŋurçhalama qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to chip? | sizjoŋurçhalamağa qoyduğuzmu?joŋurçhalama qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to chip? | alajoŋurçhalamağa qoydulamı?joŋurçhalama qoydulamı?did they allow someone to chip? |
| Let someone… (past) | menjoŋurçhalamağa qoymadımmı?joŋurçhalama qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to chip? | senjoŋurçhalamağa qoymadıŋmı?joŋurçhalama qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to chip? | oljoŋurçhalamağa qoymadımı?joŋurçhalama qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to chip? | bizjoŋurçhalamağa qoymadıqmı?joŋurçhalama qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to chip? | sizjoŋurçhalamağa qoymadığızmı?joŋurçhalama qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to chip? | alajoŋurçhalamağa qoymadılamı?joŋurçhalama qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to chip? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
joŋurçhalayalırğa be able to chip · joŋurçhalayalmazğa be unable to chip
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menjoŋurçhalayalamaI can chip | senjoŋurçhalayalasayou can chip | oljoŋurçhalayaladıhe can chip | bizjoŋurçhalayalabızwe can chip | sizjoŋurçhalayalasızyou all can chip | alajoŋurçhalayaladılathey can chip |
| Ability — present | menjoŋurçhalayalmaymaI can't chip | senjoŋurçhalayalmaysayou can't chip | oljoŋurçhalayalmaydıhe can't chip | bizjoŋurçhalayalmaybızwe can't chip | sizjoŋurçhalayalmaysızyou all can't chip | alajoŋurçhalayalmaydılathey can't chip |
| Ability — present | menjoŋurçhalayalamamı? joŋurçhalayalamıma?can I chip? | senjoŋurçhalayalamısa?can you chip? | oljoŋurçhalayalamıdı?can he chip? | bizjoŋurçhalayalabızmı? joŋurçhalayalamıbız?can we chip? | sizjoŋurçhalayalamısız?can you all chip? | alajoŋurçhalayalamıdıla?can they chip? |
| Ability — present | menjoŋurçhalayalmaymamı? joŋurçhalayalmaymıma?can't I chip? | senjoŋurçhalayalmaymısa?can't you chip? | oljoŋurçhalayalmaymıdı?can't he chip? | bizjoŋurçhalayalmaybızmı? joŋurçhalayalmaymıbız?can't we chip? | sizjoŋurçhalayalmaymısız?can't you all chip? | alajoŋurçhalayalmaymıdıla?can't they chip? |
| Ability — if I can… | menjoŋurçhalayalsamif I can chip | senjoŋurçhalayalsaŋif you can chip | oljoŋurçhalayalsaif he can chip | bizjoŋurçhalayalsaqif we can chip | sizjoŋurçhalayalsağızif you all can chip | alajoŋurçhalayalsalaif they can chip |
| Ability — if I can… | menjoŋurçhalayalmasamif I can't chip | senjoŋurçhalayalmasaŋif you can't chip | oljoŋurçhalayalmasaif he can't chip | bizjoŋurçhalayalmasaqif we can't chip | sizjoŋurçhalayalmasağızif you all can't chip | alajoŋurçhalayalmasalaif they can't chip |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menjoŋurçhalayaldımI was able to chip | senjoŋurçhalayaldıŋyou were able to chip | oljoŋurçhalayaldıhe was able to chip | bizjoŋurçhalayaldıqwe were able to chip | sizjoŋurçhalayaldığızyou all were able to chip | alajoŋurçhalayaldılathey were able to chip |
| Ability — simple past | menjoŋurçhalayalmadımI could not chip | senjoŋurçhalayalmadıŋyou could not chip | oljoŋurçhalayalmadıhe could not chip | bizjoŋurçhalayalmadıqwe could not chip | sizjoŋurçhalayalmadığızyou all could not chip | alajoŋurçhalayalmadılathey could not chip |
| Ability — simple past | menjoŋurçhalayaldımmı?was I able to chip? | senjoŋurçhalayaldıŋmı?were you able to chip? | oljoŋurçhalayaldımı?was he able to chip? | bizjoŋurçhalayaldıqmı?were we able to chip? | sizjoŋurçhalayaldığızmı?were you all able to chip? | alajoŋurçhalayaldılamı?were they able to chip? |
| Ability — simple past | menjoŋurçhalayalmadımmı?couldn't I chip? | senjoŋurçhalayalmadıŋmı?couldn't you chip? | oljoŋurçhalayalmadımı?couldn't he chip? | bizjoŋurçhalayalmadıqmı?couldn't we chip? | sizjoŋurçhalayalmadığızmı?couldn't you all chip? | alajoŋurçhalayalmadılamı?couldn't they chip? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjoŋurçhalayalğanmaI have been able to chip | senjoŋurçhalayalğansayou have been able to chip | oljoŋurçhalayalğandıhe has been able to chip | bizjoŋurçhalayalğanbızwe have been able to chip | sizjoŋurçhalayalğansızyou all have been able to chip | alajoŋurçhalayalğandılathey have been able to chip |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjoŋurçhalayalmağanmaI haven't been able to chip | senjoŋurçhalayalmağansayou haven't been able to chip | oljoŋurçhalayalmağandıhe hasn't been able to chip | bizjoŋurçhalayalmağanbızwe haven't been able to chip | sizjoŋurçhalayalmağansızyou all haven't been able to chip | alajoŋurçhalayalmağandılathey haven't been able to chip |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjoŋurçhalayalğanmamı? joŋurçhalayalğanmıma?have I been able to chip? | senjoŋurçhalayalğanmısa?have you been able to chip? | oljoŋurçhalayalğanmıdı?has he been able to chip? | bizjoŋurçhalayalğanbızmı? joŋurçhalayalğanmıbız?have we been able to chip? | sizjoŋurçhalayalğanmısız?have you all been able to chip? | alajoŋurçhalayalğanmıdıla?have they been able to chip? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjoŋurçhalayalmağanmamı? joŋurçhalayalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to chip? | senjoŋurçhalayalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to chip? | oljoŋurçhalayalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to chip? | bizjoŋurçhalayalmağanbızmı? joŋurçhalayalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to chip? | sizjoŋurçhalayalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to chip? | alajoŋurçhalayalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to chip? |
| Ability — past perfect | menjoŋurçhalayalğan edimjoŋurçhalayalğanemI had been able to chip | senjoŋurçhalayalğan ediŋjoŋurçhalayalğaneŋyou had been able to chip | oljoŋurçhalayalğan edijoŋurçhalayalğanedhe had been able to chip | bizjoŋurçhalayalğan edikjoŋurçhalayalğanekwe had been able to chip | sizjoŋurçhalayalğan edigizjoŋurçhalayalğanegizyou all had been able to chip | alajoŋurçhalayalğan edilejoŋurçhalayalğanellethey had been able to chip |
| Ability — past perfect | menjoŋurçhalayalmağan edimjoŋurçhalayalmağanemI hadn't been able to chip | senjoŋurçhalayalmağan ediŋjoŋurçhalayalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to chip | oljoŋurçhalayalmağan edijoŋurçhalayalmağanedhe hadn't been able to chip | bizjoŋurçhalayalmağan edikjoŋurçhalayalmağanekwe hadn't been able to chip | sizjoŋurçhalayalmağan edigizjoŋurçhalayalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to chip | alajoŋurçhalayalmağan edilejoŋurçhalayalmağanellethey hadn't been able to chip |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menjoŋurçhalayala edimjoŋurçhalayalaemI could chip | senjoŋurçhalayala ediŋjoŋurçhalayalaeŋyou could chip | oljoŋurçhalayala edijoŋurçhalayalaedhe could chip | bizjoŋurçhalayala edikjoŋurçhalayalaekwe could chip | sizjoŋurçhalayala edigizjoŋurçhalayalaegizyou all could chip | alajoŋurçhalayala edilejoŋurçhalayalaellethey could chip |
| Ability — past background | menjoŋurçhalayalmay edimjoŋurçhalayalmayemI could not chip | senjoŋurçhalayalmay ediŋjoŋurçhalayalmayeŋyou could not chip | oljoŋurçhalayalmay edijoŋurçhalayalmayedhe could not chip | bizjoŋurçhalayalmay edikjoŋurçhalayalmayekwe could not chip | sizjoŋurçhalayalmay edigizjoŋurçhalayalmayegizyou all could not chip | alajoŋurçhalayalmay edilejoŋurçhalayalmayellethey could not chip |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menjoŋurçhalayalırmaI will be able to chip | senjoŋurçhalayalırsayou will be able to chip | oljoŋurçhalayalırhe will be able to chip | bizjoŋurçhalayalırbızwe will be able to chip | sizjoŋurçhalayalırsızyou all will be able to chip | alajoŋurçhalayalırlathey will be able to chip |
| Ability — future I | menjoŋurçhalayalmazmaI won't be able to chip | senjoŋurçhalayalmazsayou won't be able to chip | oljoŋurçhalayalmazhe won't be able to chip | bizjoŋurçhalayalmazbızwe won't be able to chip | sizjoŋurçhalayalmazsızyou all won't be able to chip | alajoŋurçhalayalmazlathey won't be able to chip |
| Ability — future I | menjoŋurçhalayalırmamı? joŋurçhalayalırmıma?will I be able to chip? | senjoŋurçhalayalırmısa?will you be able to chip? | oljoŋurçhalayalırmı?will he be able to chip? | bizjoŋurçhalayalırbızmı? joŋurçhalayalırmıbız?will we be able to chip? | sizjoŋurçhalayalırmısız?will you all be able to chip? | alajoŋurçhalayalırlamı? joŋurçhalayalırmıla?will they be able to chip? |
| Ability — future I | menjoŋurçhalayalmazmamı? joŋurçhalayalmazmıma?won't I be able to chip? | senjoŋurçhalayalmazmısa?won't you be able to chip? | oljoŋurçhalayalmazmı?won't he be able to chip? | bizjoŋurçhalayalmazbızmı? joŋurçhalayalmazmıbız?won't we be able to chip? | sizjoŋurçhalayalmazmısız?won't you all be able to chip? | alajoŋurçhalayalmazlamı? joŋurçhalayalmazmıla?won't they be able to chip? |
| Ability — future II | menjoŋurçhalayallıqmaI am going to be able to chip | senjoŋurçhalayallıqsayou are going to be able to chip | oljoŋurçhalayallıqdıhe is going to be able to chip | bizjoŋurçhalayallıqbızwe are going to be able to chip | sizjoŋurçhalayallıqsızyou all are going to be able to chip | alajoŋurçhalayallıqdılathey are going to be able to chip |
| Ability — future II | menjoŋurçhalayallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to chip | senjoŋurçhalayallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to chip | oljoŋurçhalayallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to chip | bizjoŋurçhalayallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to chip | sizjoŋurçhalayallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to chip | alajoŋurçhalayallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to chip |
| Ability — future II | menjoŋurçhalayallıqmamı? joŋurçhalayallıqmıma?am I going to be able to chip? | senjoŋurçhalayallıqmısa?are you going to be able to chip? | oljoŋurçhalayallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to chip? | bizjoŋurçhalayallıqbızmı? joŋurçhalayallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to chip? | sizjoŋurçhalayallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to chip? | alajoŋurçhalayallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to chip? |
| Ability — future II | menjoŋurçhalayallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to chip? | senjoŋurçhalayallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to chip? | oljoŋurçhalayallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to chip? | bizjoŋurçhalayallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to chip? | sizjoŋurçhalayallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to chip? | alajoŋurçhalayallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to chip? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menjoŋurçhalayalır edimjoŋurçhalayalır emI would be able to chip | senjoŋurçhalayalır ediŋjoŋurçhalayalır eŋyou would be able to chip | oljoŋurçhalayalır edijoŋurçhalayalır edhe would be able to chip | bizjoŋurçhalayalır edikjoŋurçhalayalır ekwe would be able to chip | sizjoŋurçhalayalır edigizjoŋurçhalayalır egizyou all would be able to chip | alajoŋurçhalayalır edilejoŋurçhalayalır ellethey would be able to chip |
| Ability — would be able to… | menjoŋurçhalayalmaz edimjoŋurçhalayalmaz emI wouldn't be able to chip | senjoŋurçhalayalmaz ediŋjoŋurçhalayalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to chip | oljoŋurçhalayalmaz edijoŋurçhalayalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to chip | bizjoŋurçhalayalmaz edikjoŋurçhalayalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to chip | sizjoŋurçhalayalmaz edigizjoŋurçhalayalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to chip | alajoŋurçhalayalmaz edilejoŋurçhalayalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to chip |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senjoŋurçhalayalğınjoŋurçhalayalğımay you be able to chip | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senjoŋurçhalayalmağınjoŋurçhalayalmağımay you not be able to chip | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menjoŋurçhalarğa izleymeI want to chip | senjoŋurçhalarğa izleyseyou want to chip | oljoŋurçhalarğa izleydihe wants to chip | bizjoŋurçhalarğa izleybizwe want to chip | sizjoŋurçhalarğa izleysizyou all want to chip | alajoŋurçhalarğa izleydilethey want to chip |
| want to | menjoŋurçhalarğa izlemeymeI do not want to chip | senjoŋurçhalarğa izlemeyseyou do not want to chip | oljoŋurçhalarğa izlemeydihe does not want to chip | bizjoŋurçhalarğa izlemeybizwe do not want to chip | sizjoŋurçhalarğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to chip | alajoŋurçhalarğa izlemeydilethey do not want to chip |
| would like to | menjoŋurçhalarğa süemeI would like to chip | senjoŋurçhalarğa süeseyou would like to chip | oljoŋurçhalarğa süedihe would like to chip | bizjoŋurçhalarğa süebizwe would like to chip | sizjoŋurçhalarğa süesizyou all would like to chip | alajoŋurçhalarğa süedilethey would like to chip |
| would like to | menjoŋurçhalarğa süymeymeI would not like to chip | senjoŋurçhalarğa süymeyseyou would not like to chip | oljoŋurçhalarğa süymeydihe would not like to chip | bizjoŋurçhalarğa süymeybizwe would not like to chip | sizjoŋurçhalarğa süymeysizyou all would not like to chip | alajoŋurçhalarğa süymeydilethey would not like to chip |
| hope to | menjoŋurçhalarğa umutlanamaI hope to chip | senjoŋurçhalarğa umutlanasayou hope to chip | oljoŋurçhalarğa umutlanadıhe hopes to chip | bizjoŋurçhalarğa umutlanabızwe hope to chip | sizjoŋurçhalarğa umutlanasızyou all hope to chip | alajoŋurçhalarğa umutlanadılathey hope to chip |
| hope to | menjoŋurçhalarğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to chip | senjoŋurçhalarğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to chip | oljoŋurçhalarğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to chip | bizjoŋurçhalarğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to chip | sizjoŋurçhalarğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to chip | alajoŋurçhalarğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to chip |
| be about to | menjoŋurçhalarğa deb turamaI am about to chip | senjoŋurçhalarğa deb turasayou are about to chip | oljoŋurçhalarğa deb turadıhe is about to chip | bizjoŋurçhalarğa deb turabızwe are about to chip | sizjoŋurçhalarğa deb turasızyou all are about to chip | alajoŋurçhalarğa deb turadılathey are about to chip |
| be about to | menjoŋurçhalarğa deb turmaymaI am not about to chip | senjoŋurçhalarğa deb turmaysayou are not about to chip | oljoŋurçhalarğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to chip | bizjoŋurçhalarğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to chip | sizjoŋurçhalarğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to chip | alajoŋurçhalarğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to chip |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menjoŋurçhalarğa kerekmeI need to chip | senjoŋurçhalarğa kerekseyou need to chip | oljoŋurçhalarğa kerekdihe needs to chip | bizjoŋurçhalarğa kerekbizwe need to chip | sizjoŋurçhalarğa kereksizyou all need to chip | alajoŋurçhalarğa kerekdilethey need to chip |
| need to | menjoŋurçhalarğa kerek tülmeI do not need to chip | senjoŋurçhalarğa kerek tülseyou do not need to chip | oljoŋurçhalarğa kerek tüldühe does not need to chip | bizjoŋurçhalarğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to chip | sizjoŋurçhalarğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to chip | alajoŋurçhalarğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to chip |
| have to | menmenŋe joŋurçhalarğa tüşediI have to chip | sensenŋe joŋurçhalarğa tüşediyou have to chip | olaŋa joŋurçhalarğa tüşedihe has to chip | bizbizge joŋurçhalarğa tüşediwe have to chip | sizsizge joŋurçhalarğa tüşediyou all have to chip | alaalağa joŋurçhalarğa tüşedithey have to chip |
| have to | menmenŋe joŋurçhalarğa tüşmeydiI do not have to chip | sensenŋe joŋurçhalarğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to chip | olaŋa joŋurçhalarğa tüşmeydihe does not have to chip | bizbizge joŋurçhalarğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to chip | sizsizge joŋurçhalarğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to chip | alaalağa joŋurçhalarğa tüşmeydithey do not have to chip |
| be obliged to | menjoŋurçhalarğa borçlumaI am obliged to chip | senjoŋurçhalarğa borçlusayou are obliged to chip | oljoŋurçhalarğa borçluduhe is obliged to chip | bizjoŋurçhalarğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to chip | sizjoŋurçhalarğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to chip | alajoŋurçhalarğa borçludulathey are obliged to chip |
| be obliged to | menjoŋurçhalarğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to chip | senjoŋurçhalarğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to chip | oljoŋurçhalarğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to chip | bizjoŋurçhalarğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to chip | sizjoŋurçhalarğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to chip | alajoŋurçhalarğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to chip |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menjoŋurçhalarğa madarım bardıI have a way to chip | senjoŋurçhalarğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to chip | oljoŋurçhalarğa madarı bardıhe has a way to chip | bizjoŋurçhalarğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to chip | sizjoŋurçhalarğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to chip | alajoŋurçhalarğa madarları bardıthey have a way to chip |
| have a way to | menjoŋurçhalarğa madarım joqduI have no way to chip | senjoŋurçhalarğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to chip | oljoŋurçhalarğa madarı joqduhe has no way to chip | bizjoŋurçhalarğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to chip | sizjoŋurçhalarğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to chip | alajoŋurçhalarğa madarları joqduthey have no way to chip |
| be free to | menjoŋurçhalarğa erkinligim bardıI am free to chip | senjoŋurçhalarğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to chip | oljoŋurçhalarğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to chip | bizjoŋurçhalarğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to chip | sizjoŋurçhalarğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to chip | alajoŋurçhalarğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to chip |
| be free to | menjoŋurçhalarğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to chip | senjoŋurçhalarğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to chip | oljoŋurçhalarğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to chip | bizjoŋurçhalarğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to chip | sizjoŋurçhalarğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to chip | alajoŋurçhalarğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to chip |
| be possible to | menmenŋe joŋurçhalarğa bolluqduit is possible for me to chip | sensenŋe joŋurçhalarğa bolluqduit is possible for you to chip | olaŋa joŋurçhalarğa bolluqduit is possible for him to chip | bizbizge joŋurçhalarğa bolluqduit is possible for us to chip | sizsizge joŋurçhalarğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to chip | alaalağa joŋurçhalarğa bolluqduit is possible for them to chip |
| be possible to | menmenŋe joŋurçhalarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to chip | sensenŋe joŋurçhalarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to chip | olaŋa joŋurçhalarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to chip | bizbizge joŋurçhalarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to chip | sizsizge joŋurçhalarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to chip | alaalağa joŋurçhalarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to chip |
| be ready to | menjoŋurçhalarğa hazırmaI am ready to chip | senjoŋurçhalarğa hazırsayou are ready to chip | oljoŋurçhalarğa hazırdıhe is ready to chip | bizjoŋurçhalarğa hazırbızwe are ready to chip | sizjoŋurçhalarğa hazırsızyou all are ready to chip | alajoŋurçhalarğa hazırdılathey are ready to chip |
| be ready to | menjoŋurçhalarğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to chip | senjoŋurçhalarğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to chip | oljoŋurçhalarğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to chip | bizjoŋurçhalarğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to chip | sizjoŋurçhalarğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to chip | alajoŋurçhalarğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to chip |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menjoŋurçhalarğa küreşemeI am trying to chip | senjoŋurçhalarğa küreşeseyou are trying to chip | oljoŋurçhalarğa küreşedihe is trying to chip | bizjoŋurçhalarğa küreşebizwe are trying to chip | sizjoŋurçhalarğa küreşesizyou all are trying to chip | alajoŋurçhalarğa küreşedilethey are trying to chip |
| try to | menjoŋurçhalarğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to chip | senjoŋurçhalarğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to chip | oljoŋurçhalarğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to chip | bizjoŋurçhalarğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to chip | sizjoŋurçhalarğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to chip | alajoŋurçhalarğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to chip |
| agree to | menjoŋurçhalarğa unaymaI agree to chip | senjoŋurçhalarğa unaysayou agree to chip | oljoŋurçhalarğa unaydıhe agrees to chip | bizjoŋurçhalarğa unaybızwe agree to chip | sizjoŋurçhalarğa unaysızyou all agree to chip | alajoŋurçhalarğa unaydılathey agree to chip |
| agree to | menjoŋurçhalarğa unamaymaI refuse to chip | senjoŋurçhalarğa unamaysayou refuse to chip | oljoŋurçhalarğa unamaydıhe refuses to chip | bizjoŋurçhalarğa unamaybızwe refuse to chip | sizjoŋurçhalarğa unamaysızyou all refuse to chip | alajoŋurçhalarğa unamaydılathey refuse to chip |
| hurry to | menjoŋurçhalarğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to chip | senjoŋurçhalarğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to chip | oljoŋurçhalarğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to chip | bizjoŋurçhalarğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to chip | sizjoŋurçhalarğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to chip | alajoŋurçhalarğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to chip |
| hurry to | menjoŋurçhalarğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to chip | senjoŋurçhalarğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to chip | oljoŋurçhalarğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to chip | bizjoŋurçhalarğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to chip | sizjoŋurçhalarğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to chip | alajoŋurçhalarğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to chip |
| be afraid to | menjoŋurçhalarğa qorqamaI am afraid to chip | senjoŋurçhalarğa qorqasayou are afraid to chip | oljoŋurçhalarğa qorqadıhe is afraid to chip | bizjoŋurçhalarğa qorqabızwe are afraid to chip | sizjoŋurçhalarğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to chip | alajoŋurçhalarğa qorqadılathey are afraid to chip |
| be afraid to | menjoŋurçhalarğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to chip | senjoŋurçhalarğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to chip | oljoŋurçhalarğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to chip | bizjoŋurçhalarğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to chip | sizjoŋurçhalarğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to chip | alajoŋurçhalarğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to chip |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menjoŋurçhalay bolmazmaI can't be chipping | senjoŋurçhalay bolmazsayou can't be chipping | oljoŋurçhalay bolmazhe can't be chipping | bizjoŋurçhalay bolmazbızwe can't be chipping | sizjoŋurçhalay bolmazsızyou all can't be chipping | alajoŋurçhalay bolmazlathey can't be chipping |
| Inference, present — double negation | menjoŋurçhalamay bolmazmaI must be chipping (emphatic) | senjoŋurçhalamay bolmazsayou must be chipping (emphatic) | oljoŋurçhalamay bolmazhe must be chipping (emphatic) | bizjoŋurçhalamay bolmazbızwe must be chipping (emphatic) | sizjoŋurçhalamay bolmazsızyou all must be chipping (emphatic) | alajoŋurçhalamay bolmazlathey must be chipping (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menjoŋurçhalay turmasamif I don't keep chipping | senjoŋurçhalay turmasaŋif you don't keep chipping | oljoŋurçhalay turmasaif he doesn't keep chipping | bizjoŋurçhalay turmasaqif we don't keep chipping | sizjoŋurçhalay turmasağızif you all don't keep chipping | alajoŋurçhalay turmasalaif they don't keep chipping |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menjoŋurçhalay tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of chipping | senjoŋurçhalay tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of chipping | oljoŋurçhalay tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of chipping | bizjoŋurçhalay tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of chipping | sizjoŋurçhalay tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of chipping | alajoŋurçhalay tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of chipping |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menjoŋurçhalamay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not chipping (emphatic) | senjoŋurçhalamay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not chipping (emphatic) | oljoŋurçhalamay tura bolmazhe must keep on not chipping (emphatic) | bizjoŋurçhalamay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not chipping (emphatic) | sizjoŋurçhalamay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not chipping (emphatic) | alajoŋurçhalamay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not chipping (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menjoŋurçhalamay turamaI keep on not chipping | senjoŋurçhalamay turasayou keep on not chipping | oljoŋurçhalamay turadıhe keeps on not chipping | bizjoŋurçhalamay turabızwe keep on not chipping | sizjoŋurçhalamay turasızyou all keep on not chipping | alajoŋurçhalamay turadılathey keep on not chipping |
| Progressive — double negation | menjoŋurçhalamay turmaymaI am not keeping on not chipping | senjoŋurçhalamay turmaysayou are not keeping on not chipping | oljoŋurçhalamay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not chipping | bizjoŋurçhalamay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not chipping | sizjoŋurçhalamay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not chipping | alajoŋurçhalamay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not chipping |
| Progressive — double negation | menjoŋurçhalamay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not chipping? | senjoŋurçhalamay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not chipping? | oljoŋurçhalamay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not chipping? | bizjoŋurçhalamay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not chipping? | sizjoŋurçhalamay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not chipping? | alajoŋurçhalamay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not chipping? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menjoŋurçhalağan bolmazmaI can't have chipped | senjoŋurçhalağan bolmazsayou can't have chipped | oljoŋurçhalağan bolmazhe can't have chipped | bizjoŋurçhalağan bolmazbızwe can't have chipped | sizjoŋurçhalağan bolmazsızyou all can't have chipped | alajoŋurçhalağan bolmazlathey can't have chipped |
| Inference — double negation | menjoŋurçhalamağan bolmazmaI must have chipped (emphatic) | senjoŋurçhalamağan bolmazsayou must have chipped (emphatic) | oljoŋurçhalamağan bolmazhe must have chipped (emphatic) | bizjoŋurçhalamağan bolmazbızwe must have chipped (emphatic) | sizjoŋurçhalamağan bolmazsızyou all must have chipped (emphatic) | alajoŋurçhalamağan bolmazlathey must have chipped (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menjoŋurçhalağan bolmasamif it weren't that I had chipped | senjoŋurçhalağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had chipped | oljoŋurçhalağan bolmasaif it weren't that he had chipped | bizjoŋurçhalağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had chipped | sizjoŋurçhalağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had chipped | alajoŋurçhalağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had chipped |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menjoŋurçhalamağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't chipped | senjoŋurçhalamağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't chipped | oljoŋurçhalamağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't chipped | bizjoŋurçhalamağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't chipped | sizjoŋurçhalamağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't chipped | alajoŋurçhalamağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't chipped |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menjoŋurçhalarıq bolmazmaI can't be going to chip | senjoŋurçhalarıq bolmazsayou can't be going to chip | oljoŋurçhalarıq bolmazhe can't be going to chip | bizjoŋurçhalarıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to chip | sizjoŋurçhalarıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to chip | alajoŋurçhalarıq bolmazlathey can't be going to chip |
| Inference, future — double negation | menjoŋurçhalamazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to chip (emphatic) | senjoŋurçhalamazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to chip (emphatic) | oljoŋurçhalamazlıq bolmazhe must be going to chip (emphatic) | bizjoŋurçhalamazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to chip (emphatic) | sizjoŋurçhalamazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to chip (emphatic) | alajoŋurçhalamazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to chip (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menjoŋurçhalarıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to chip | senjoŋurçhalarıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to chip | oljoŋurçhalarıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to chip | bizjoŋurçhalarıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to chip | sizjoŋurçhalarıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to chip | alajoŋurçhalarıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to chip |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menjoŋurçhalamazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to chip | senjoŋurçhalamazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to chip | oljoŋurçhalamazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to chip | bizjoŋurçhalamazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to chip | sizjoŋurçhalamazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to chip | alajoŋurçhalamazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to chip |