jırğa
/dʒɯrʁa/
Definition
mark, a sign put on an animal or an object to tell it apart
- malğa jırğa salırğa — to put a mark on livestock
- jırğasından tanıb malın ayırdı — recognising them by the mark he cut out his own stock
- har tuqumnu ençi jırğası bolur — every family has its own mark
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or .Cases
| Singular | Plural | When to use it | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | jırğathe mark | jırğalathe marks | the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence |
| genitive | jırğanıthe mark's | jırğalanıthe marks' | the owner — whose it is |
| accusative | jırğanıthe mark (as the object) | jırğalanıthe marks (as the object) | a specific, known object — whom or what |
| dative | jırğağato the mark | jırğalağato the marks | direction or recipient — to where, to whom |
| locative | jırğadaat / in the mark | jırğaladaat / in the marks | where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it" |
| ablative | jırğadanfrom the mark | jırğaladanfrom the marks | where it comes from; also "than" when comparing |
When to use each case
- nominative
- the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence
- genitive
- the owner — whose it is
- accusative
- a specific, known object — whom or what
- dative
- direction or recipient — to where, to whom
- locative
- where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it"
- ablative
- where it comes from; also "than" when comparing
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.
With an owner
| One owned | Several owned | |
|---|---|---|
| my | jırğammy mark | jırğalarımmy marks |
| your | jırğangyour mark | jırğalarıngyour marks |
| his / her | jırğasıhis / her mark | jırğalarıhis / her marks |
| our | jırğabızour mark | jırğalarıbızour marks |
| you all's | jırğağızyou all's mark | jırğalarığızyou all's marks |
| their | jırğalarıtheir mark | jırğalarıtheir marks |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: jırğaları can mean "his / her marks", "their mark", or "their marks" — context decides.