jantayırğa
/dʒantajɯrʁa/
1. lean over, tilt, become lopsided — Used of haystacks, gravestones, fences and sheds that lean to one side: geben jantayğandı "the haystack is leaning over".
- geben jantayğandı — the haystack is leaning over
- buruw bir janına jantayğandı — the fence has leaned to one side
2. lie around, sprawl, lounge — Often said as a reproach: nege jantayasa "why are you lying around?"
- nege jantayasa? — why are you lying around?
- kün uzunu jantayıb turadı — he lies around all day long
- ala iŋirge deri jantaydıla — they lounged around until evening
Conjugation
Common forms
- jantayadıhe is leaning over
- jantaydıhe leaned over
- jantayğandıhe has leaned over
- jantayırhe will lean over
- jantayırıqdıhe is going to lean over
- jantaya edihe was leaning over
- jantaysaif he leans over
- jantay!lean over!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjantayamaI am leaning over | senjantayasayou are leaning over | oljantayadıhe is leaning over | bizjantayabızwe are leaning over | sizjantayasızyou all are leaning over | alajantayadılathey are leaning over |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjantaymaymaI am not leaning over | senjantaymaysayou are not leaning over | oljantaymaydıhe is not leaning over | bizjantaymaybızwe are not leaning over | sizjantaymaysızyou all are not leaning over | alajantaymaydılathey are not leaning over |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjantayamamı? jantayamıma?am I leaning over? | senjantayamısa?are you leaning over? | oljantayamıdı?is he leaning over? | bizjantayabızmı? jantayamıbız?are we leaning over? | sizjantayamısız?are you all leaning over? | alajantayamıdıla?are they leaning over? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjantaymaymamı? jantaymaymıma?aren't I leaning over? | senjantaymaymısa?aren't you leaning over? | oljantaymaymıdı?isn't he leaning over? | bizjantaymaybızmı? jantaymaymıbız?aren't we leaning over? | sizjantaymaymısız?aren't you all leaning over? | alajantaymaymıdıla?aren't they leaning over? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjantayıwçanmaI usually lean over | senjantayıwçansayou usually lean over | oljantayıwçandıhe usually leans over | bizjantayıwçanbızwe usually lean over | sizjantayıwçansızyou all usually lean over | alajantayıwçandılathey usually lean over |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjantaymawçanmaI usually don't lean over | senjantaymawçansayou usually don't lean over | oljantaymawçandıhe usually doesn't lean over | bizjantaymawçanbızwe usually don't lean over | sizjantaymawçansızyou all usually don't lean over | alajantaymawçandılathey usually don't lean over |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjantayıwçanmamı? jantayıwçanmıma?do I usually lean over? | senjantayıwçanmısa?do you usually lean over? | oljantayıwçanmıdı?does he usually lean over? | bizjantayıwçanbızmı? jantayıwçanmıbız?do we usually lean over? | sizjantayıwçanmısız?do you all usually lean over? | alajantayıwçanmıdıla?do they usually lean over? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjantaymawçanmamı? jantaymawçanmıma?do I usually not lean over? | senjantaymawçanmısa?do you usually not lean over? | oljantaymawçanmıdı?does he usually not lean over? | bizjantaymawçanbızmı? jantaymawçanmıbız?do we usually not lean over? | sizjantaymawçanmısız?do you all usually not lean over? | alajantaymawçanmıdıla?do they usually not lean over? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oljantayıbdıhe has leaned over and remains so | alajantayıbdılathey have leaned over and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oljantayıbmıdı?has he leaned over? | alajantayıbmıdıla?have they leaned over? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjantayıb turamaI keep leaning over | senjantayıb turasayou keep leaning over | oljantayıb turadıhe keeps leaning over | bizjantayıb turabızwe keep leaning over | sizjantayıb turasızyou all keep leaning over | alajantayıb turadılathey keep leaning over |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjantayıb turmaymaI don't keep leaning over | senjantayıb turmaysayou don't keep leaning over | oljantayıb turmaydıhe doesn't keep leaning over | bizjantayıb turmaybızwe don't keep leaning over | sizjantayıb turmaysızyou all don't keep leaning over | alajantayıb turmaydılathey don't keep leaning over |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjantayıb turamamı? jantayıb turamıma?do I keep leaning over? | senjantayıb turamısa?do you keep leaning over? | oljantayıb turamıdı?does he keep leaning over? | bizjantayıb turabızmı? jantayıb turamıbız?do we keep leaning over? | sizjantayıb turamısız?do you all keep leaning over? | alajantayıb turamıdıla?do they keep leaning over? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjantayıb turmaymamı? jantayıb turmaymıma?don't I keep leaning over? | senjantayıb turmaymısa?don't you keep leaning over? | oljantayıb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep leaning over? | bizjantayıb turmaybızmı? jantayıb turmaymıbız?don't we keep leaning over? | sizjantayıb turmaymısız?don't you all keep leaning over? | alajantayıb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep leaning over? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjantaya turamaI am in the middle of leaning over | senjantaya turasayou are in the middle of leaning over | oljantaya turadıhe is in the middle of leaning over | bizjantaya turabızwe are in the middle of leaning over | sizjantaya turasızyou all are in the middle of leaning over | alajantaya turadılathey are in the middle of leaning over |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjantaya turmaymaI am not in the middle of leaning over | senjantaya turmaysayou are not in the middle of leaning over | oljantaya turmaydıhe is not in the middle of leaning over | bizjantaya turmaybızwe are not in the middle of leaning over | sizjantaya turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of leaning over | alajantaya turmaydılathey are not in the middle of leaning over |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjantaya turamamı? jantaya turamıma?am I in the middle of leaning over? | senjantaya turamısa?are you in the middle of leaning over? | oljantaya turamıdı?is he in the middle of leaning over? | bizjantaya turabızmı? jantaya turamıbız?are we in the middle of leaning over? | sizjantaya turamısız?are you all in the middle of leaning over? | alajantaya turamıdıla?are they in the middle of leaning over? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjantaya turmaymamı? jantaya turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of leaning over? | senjantaya turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of leaning over? | oljantaya turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of leaning over? | bizjantaya turmaybızmı? jantaya turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of leaning over? | sizjantaya turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of leaning over? | alajantaya turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of leaning over? |
| Simple past (definite) | menjantaydımI leaned over | senjantaydıŋyou leaned over | oljantaydıhe leaned over | bizjantaydıqwe leaned over | sizjantaydığızyou all leaned over | alajantaydılathey leaned over |
| Simple past (definite) | menjantaymadımI didn't lean over | senjantaymadıŋyou didn't lean over | oljantaymadıhe didn't lean over | bizjantaymadıqwe didn't lean over | sizjantaymadığızyou all didn't lean over | alajantaymadılathey didn't lean over |
| Simple past (definite) | menjantaydımmı?did I lean over? | senjantaydıŋmı?did you lean over? | oljantaydımı?did he lean over? | bizjantaydıqmı?did we lean over? | sizjantaydığızmı?did you all lean over? | alajantaydılamı?did they lean over? |
| Simple past (definite) | menjantaymadımmı?didn't I lean over? | senjantaymadıŋmı?didn't you lean over? | oljantaymadımı?didn't he lean over? | bizjantaymadıqmı?didn't we lean over? | sizjantaymadığızmı?didn't you all lean over? | alajantaymadılamı?didn't they lean over? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjantayğanmaI have leaned over | senjantayğansayou have leaned over | oljantayğandıhe has leaned over | bizjantayğanbızwe have leaned over | sizjantayğansızyou all have leaned over | alajantayğandılathey have leaned over |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjantaymağanmaI haven't leaned over | senjantaymağansayou haven't leaned over | oljantaymağandıhe hasn't leaned over | bizjantaymağanbızwe haven't leaned over | sizjantaymağansızyou all haven't leaned over | alajantaymağandılathey haven't leaned over |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjantayğanmamı? jantayğanmıma?have I leaned over? | senjantayğanmısa?have you leaned over? | oljantayğanmıdı?has he leaned over? | bizjantayğanbızmı? jantayğanmıbız?have we leaned over? | sizjantayğanmısız?have you all leaned over? | alajantayğanmıdıla?have they leaned over? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjantaymağanmamı? jantaymağanmıma?haven't I leaned over? | senjantaymağanmısa?haven't you leaned over? | oljantaymağanmıdı?hasn't he leaned over? | bizjantaymağanbızmı? jantaymağanmıbız?haven't we leaned over? | sizjantaymağanmısız?haven't you all leaned over? | alajantaymağanmıdıla?haven't they leaned over? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menjantayıb turdumI kept leaning over | senjantayıb turduŋyou kept leaning over | oljantayıb turduhe kept leaning over | bizjantayıb turduqwe kept leaning over | sizjantayıb turduğuzyou all kept leaning over | alajantayıb turdulathey kept leaning over |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menjantayıb turmadımI didn't keep leaning over | senjantayıb turmadıŋyou didn't keep leaning over | oljantayıb turmadıhe didn't keep leaning over | bizjantayıb turmadıqwe didn't keep leaning over | sizjantayıb turmadığızyou all didn't keep leaning over | alajantayıb turmadılathey didn't keep leaning over |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjantayırmaI will lean over | senjantayırsayou will lean over | oljantayırhe will lean over | bizjantayırbızwe will lean over | sizjantayırsızyou all will lean over | alajantayırlathey will lean over |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjantaymazmaI won't lean over | senjantaymazsayou won't lean over | oljantaymazhe won't lean over | bizjantaymazbızwe won't lean over | sizjantaymazsızyou all won't lean over | alajantaymazlathey won't lean over |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjantayırmamı? jantayırmıma?will I lean over? | senjantayırmısa?will you lean over? | oljantayırmı?will he lean over? | bizjantayırbızmı? jantayırmıbız?will we lean over? | sizjantayırmısız?will you all lean over? | alajantayırlamı? jantayırmıla?will they lean over? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjantaymazmamı? jantaymazmıma?won't I lean over? | senjantaymazmısa?won't you lean over? | oljantaymazmı?won't he lean over? | bizjantaymazbızmı? jantaymazmıbız?won't we lean over? | sizjantaymazmısız?won't you all lean over? | alajantaymazlamı? jantaymazmıla?won't they lean over? |
| Definite future (future II) | menjantayırıqmaI am going to lean over | senjantayırıqsayou are going to lean over | oljantayırıqdıhe is going to lean over | bizjantayırıqbızwe are going to lean over | sizjantayırıqsızyou all are going to lean over | alajantayırıqdılathey are going to lean over |
| Definite future (future II) | menjantayırıq tülmeI am not going to lean over | senjantayırıq tülseyou are not going to lean over | oljantayırıq tüldühe is not going to lean over | bizjantayırıq tülbüzwe are not going to lean over | sizjantayırıq tülsüzyou all are not going to lean over | alajantayırıq tüldülethey are not going to lean over |
| Definite future (future II) | menjantayırıqmamı? jantayırıqmıma?am I going to lean over? | senjantayırıqmısa?are you going to lean over? | oljantayırıqmıdı?is he going to lean over? | bizjantayırıqbızmı? jantayırıqmıbız?are we going to lean over? | sizjantayırıqmısız?are you all going to lean over? | alajantayırıqmıdıla?are they going to lean over? |
| Definite future (future II) | menjantayırıq tülmüme?aren't I going to lean over? | senjantayırıq tülmüse?aren't you going to lean over? | oljantayırıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to lean over? | bizjantayırıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to lean over? | sizjantayırıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to lean over? | alajantayırıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to lean over? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menjantayğan edimjantayğanemI had leaned over | senjantayğan ediŋjantayğaneŋyou had leaned over | oljantayğan edijantayğanedhe had leaned over | bizjantayğan edikjantayğanekwe had leaned over | sizjantayğan edigizjantayğanegizyou all had leaned over | alajantayğan edilejantayğanellethey had leaned over |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menjantaymağan edimjantaymağanemI hadn't leaned over | senjantaymağan ediŋjantaymağaneŋyou hadn't leaned over | oljantaymağan edijantaymağanedhe hadn't leaned over | bizjantaymağan edikjantaymağanekwe hadn't leaned over | sizjantaymağan edigizjantaymağanegizyou all hadn't leaned over | alajantaymağan edilejantaymağanellethey hadn't leaned over |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menjantaya edimjantayaemI was leaning over | senjantaya ediŋjantayaeŋyou were leaning over | oljantaya edijantayaedhe was leaning over | bizjantaya edikjantayaekwe were leaning over | sizjantaya edigizjantayaegizyou all were leaning over | alajantaya edilejantayaellethey were leaning over |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menjantaymay edimjantaymayemI wasn't leaning over | senjantaymay ediŋjantaymayeŋyou weren't leaning over | oljantaymay edijantaymayedhe wasn't leaning over | bizjantaymay edikjantaymayekwe weren't leaning over | sizjantaymay edigizjantaymayegizyou all weren't leaning over | alajantaymay edilejantaymayellethey weren't leaning over |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menjantayıwçan edimjantayıwçanemI used to lean over | senjantayıwçan ediŋjantayıwçaneŋyou used to lean over | oljantayıwçan edijantayıwçanedhe used to lean over | bizjantayıwçan edikjantayıwçanekwe used to lean over | sizjantayıwçan edigizjantayıwçanegizyou all used to lean over | alajantayıwçan edilejantayıwçanellethey used to lean over |
| Habitual past (used to) | menjantaymawçan edimjantaymawçanemI didn't use to lean over | senjantaymawçan ediŋjantaymawçaneŋyou didn't use to lean over | oljantaymawçan edijantaymawçanedhe didn't use to lean over | bizjantaymawçan edikjantaymawçanekwe didn't use to lean over | sizjantaymawçan edigizjantaymawçanegizyou all didn't use to lean over | alajantaymawçan edilejantaymawçanellethey didn't use to lean over |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oljantayıb edihe had leaned over and remained so | alajantayıb edilethey had leaned over and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oljantayıb tül edihe hadn't leaned over | alajantayıb tül edilethey hadn't leaned over | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menjantayıb tura edimjantayıb turaemI had kept leaning over | senjantayıb tura ediŋjantayıb turaeŋyou had kept leaning over | oljantayıb tura edijantayıb turaedhe had kept leaning over | bizjantayıb tura edikjantayıb turaekwe had kept leaning over | sizjantayıb tura edigizjantayıb turaegizyou all had kept leaning over | alajantayıb tura edilejantayıb turaellethey had kept leaning over |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menjantayıb turmay edimjantayıb turmayemI hadn't kept leaning over | senjantayıb turmay ediŋjantayıb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept leaning over | oljantayıb turmay edijantayıb turmayedhe hadn't kept leaning over | bizjantayıb turmay edikjantayıb turmayekwe hadn't kept leaning over | sizjantayıb turmay edigizjantayıb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept leaning over | alajantayıb turmay edilejantayıb turmayellethey hadn't kept leaning over |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menjantaya tura edimjantaya turaemI was in the middle of leaning over | senjantaya tura ediŋjantaya turaeŋyou were in the middle of leaning over | oljantaya tura edijantaya turaedhe was in the middle of leaning over | bizjantaya tura edikjantaya turaekwe were in the middle of leaning over | sizjantaya tura edigizjantaya turaegizyou all were in the middle of leaning over | alajantaya tura edilejantaya turaellethey were in the middle of leaning over |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menjantaya turmay edimjantaya turmayemI wasn't in the middle of leaning over | senjantaya turmay ediŋjantaya turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of leaning over | oljantaya turmay edijantaya turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of leaning over | bizjantaya turmay edikjantaya turmayekwe weren't in the middle of leaning over | sizjantaya turmay edigizjantaya turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of leaning over | alajantaya turmay edilejantaya turmayellethey weren't in the middle of leaning over |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menjantayır edimjantayır emI would lean over | senjantayır ediŋjantayır eŋyou would lean over | oljantayır edijantayır edhe would lean over | bizjantayır edikjantayır ekwe would lean over | sizjantayır edigizjantayır egizyou all would lean over | alajantayır edilejantayır ellethey would lean over |
| Conditional result (would) | menjantaymaz edimjantaymaz emI wouldn't lean over | senjantaymaz ediŋjantaymaz eŋyou wouldn't lean over | oljantaymaz edijantaymaz edhe wouldn't lean over | bizjantaymaz edikjantaymaz ekwe wouldn't lean over | sizjantaymaz edigizjantaymaz egizyou all wouldn't lean over | alajantaymaz edilejantaymaz ellethey wouldn't lean over |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menjantayırıq edimjantayırıq emI would have leaned over | senjantayırıq ediŋjantayırıq eŋyou would have leaned over | oljantayırıq edijantayırıq edhe would have leaned over | bizjantayırıq edikjantayırıq ekwe would have leaned over | sizjantayırıq edigizjantayırıq egizyou all would have leaned over | alajantayırıq edilejantayırıq ellethey would have leaned over |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menjantayırıq tül edimjantayırıq tül emI wouldn't have leaned over | senjantayırıq tül ediŋjantayırıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have leaned over | oljantayırıq tül edijantayırıq tül edhe wouldn't have leaned over | bizjantayırıq tül edikjantayırıq tül ekwe wouldn't have leaned over | sizjantayırıq tül edigizjantayırıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have leaned over | alajantayırıq tül edilejantayırıq tül ellethey wouldn't have leaned over |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menjantaysamif I lean over | senjantaysaŋif you lean over | oljantaysaif he leans over | bizjantaysaqif we lean over | sizjantaysağızif you all lean over | alajantaysalaif they lean over |
| Conditional | menjantaymasamif I don't lean over | senjantaymasaŋif you don't lean over | oljantaymasaif he doesn't lean over | bizjantaymasaqif we don't lean over | sizjantaymasağızif you all don't lean over | alajantaymasalaif they don't lean over |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menjantaya esemif I am leaning over | senjantaya eseŋif you are leaning over | oljantaya eseif he is leaning over | bizjantaya esekif we are leaning over | sizjantaya esegizif you all are leaning over | alajantaya eseleif they are leaning over |
| Conditional, present real | menjantaymay esemif I am not leaning over | senjantaymay eseŋif you are not leaning over | oljantaymay eseif he is not leaning over | bizjantaymay esekif we are not leaning over | sizjantaymay esegizif you all are not leaning over | alajantaymay eseleif they are not leaning over |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menjantaysam edijantaysam edif only I leaned over | senjantaysaŋ edijantaysaŋ edif only you leaned over | oljantaysa edijantaysaedif only he leaned over | bizjantaysaq edijantaysaq edif only we leaned over | sizjantaysağız edijantaysağız edif only you all leaned over | alajantaysala edijantaysalaedif only they leaned over |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menjantaymasam edijantaymasam edif only I didn't lean over | senjantaymasaŋ edijantaymasaŋ edif only you didn't lean over | oljantaymasa edijantaymasaedif only he didn't lean over | bizjantaymasaq edijantaymasaq edif only we didn't lean over | sizjantaymasağız edijantaymasağız edif only you all didn't lean over | alajantaymasala edijantaymasalaedif only they didn't lean over |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menjantayıb tursamif I carry on leaning over | senjantayıb tursaŋif you carry on leaning over | oljantayıb tursaif he carries on leaning over | bizjantayıb tursaqif we carry on leaning over | sizjantayıb tursağızif you all carry on leaning over | alajantayıb tursalaif they carry on leaning over |
| Durative conditional | menjantayıb turmasamif I don't carry on leaning over | senjantayıb turmasaŋif you don't carry on leaning over | oljantayıb turmasaif he doesn't carry on leaning over | bizjantayıb turmasaqif we don't carry on leaning over | sizjantayıb turmasağızif you all don't carry on leaning over | alajantayıb turmasalaif they don't carry on leaning over |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menjantayıb tura esemif I have kept leaning over | senjantayıb tura eseŋif you have kept leaning over | oljantayıb tura eseif he has kept leaning over | bizjantayıb tura esekif we have kept leaning over | sizjantayıb tura esegizif you all have kept leaning over | alajantayıb tura eseleif they have kept leaning over |
| Durative conditional, present real | menjantayıb turmay esemif I haven't kept leaning over | senjantayıb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept leaning over | oljantayıb turmay eseif he hasn't kept leaning over | bizjantayıb turmay esekif we haven't kept leaning over | sizjantayıb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept leaning over | alajantayıb turmay eseleif they haven't kept leaning over |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menjantaya tursamif I keep leaning over | senjantaya tursaŋif you keep leaning over | oljantaya tursaif he keeps leaning over | bizjantaya tursaqif we keep leaning over | sizjantaya tursağızif you all keep leaning over | alajantaya tursalaif they keep leaning over |
| Progressive conditional | menjantaymay tursamif I keep on not leaning over | senjantaymay tursaŋif you keep on not leaning over | oljantaymay tursaif he keeps on not leaning over | bizjantaymay tursaqif we keep on not leaning over | sizjantaymay tursağızif you all keep on not leaning over | alajantaymay tursalaif they keep on not leaning over |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menjantaya tura esemif I am in the middle of leaning over | senjantaya tura eseŋif you are in the middle of leaning over | oljantaya tura eseif he is in the middle of leaning over | bizjantaya tura esekif we are in the middle of leaning over | sizjantaya tura esegizif you all are in the middle of leaning over | alajantaya tura eseleif they are in the middle of leaning over |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menjantaymay tura esemif I keep on not leaning over | senjantaymay tura eseŋif you keep on not leaning over | oljantaymay tura eseif he keeps on not leaning over | bizjantaymay tura esekif we keep on not leaning over | sizjantaymay tura esegizif you all keep on not leaning over | alajantaymay tura eseleif they keep on not leaning over |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menjantaydım esemif I leaned over | senjantaydıŋ eseŋif you leaned over | oljantaydı eseif he leaned over | bizjantaydıq esekif we leaned over | sizjantaydığız esegizif you all leaned over | alajantaydıla eseleif they leaned over |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menjantaymadım esemif I didn't lean over | senjantaymadıŋ eseŋif you didn't lean over | oljantaymadı eseif he didn't lean over | bizjantaymadıq esekif we didn't lean over | sizjantaymadığız esegizif you all didn't lean over | alajantaymadıla eseleif they didn't lean over |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menjantayğan esemif I did lean over (indeed) | senjantayğan eseŋif you did lean over (indeed) | oljantayğan eseif he did lean over (indeed) | bizjantayğan esekif we did lean over (indeed) | sizjantayğan esegizif you all did lean over (indeed) | alajantayğan eseleif they did lean over (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menjantaymağan esemif I didn't lean over (indeed) | senjantaymağan eseŋif you didn't lean over (indeed) | oljantaymağan eseif he didn't lean over (indeed) | bizjantaymağan esekif we didn't lean over (indeed) | sizjantaymağan esegizif you all didn't lean over (indeed) | alajantaymağan eseleif they didn't lean over (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menjantayğan bolsamif I had leaned over | senjantayğan bolsaŋif you had leaned over | oljantayğan bolsaif he had leaned over | bizjantayğan bolsaqif we had leaned over | sizjantayğan bolsağızif you all had leaned over | alajantayğan bolsalaif they had leaned over |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menjantaymağan bolsamif I hadn't leaned over | senjantaymağan bolsaŋif you hadn't leaned over | oljantaymağan bolsaif he hadn't leaned over | bizjantaymağan bolsaqif we hadn't leaned over | sizjantaymağan bolsağızif you all hadn't leaned over | alajantaymağan bolsalaif they hadn't leaned over |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menjantayğan bolsam edijantayğan bolsam edif only I had leaned over | senjantayğan bolsaŋ edijantayğan bolsaŋ edif only you had leaned over | oljantayğan bolsa edijantayğan bolsaedif only he had leaned over | bizjantayğan bolsaq edijantayğan bolsaq edif only we had leaned over | sizjantayğan bolsağız edijantayğan bolsağız edif only you all had leaned over | alajantayğan bolsala edijantayğan bolsalaedif only they had leaned over |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menjantaymağan bolsam edijantaymağan bolsam edif only I hadn't leaned over | senjantaymağan bolsaŋ edijantaymağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't leaned over | oljantaymağan bolsa edijantaymağan bolsaedif only he hadn't leaned over | bizjantaymağan bolsaq edijantaymağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't leaned over | sizjantaymağan bolsağız edijantaymağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't leaned over | alajantaymağan bolsala edijantaymağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't leaned over |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menjantayır esemif I will lean over | senjantayır eseŋif you will lean over | oljantayır eseif he will lean over | bizjantayır esekif we will lean over | sizjantayır esegizif you all will lean over | alajantayır eseleif they will lean over |
| Conditional, aorist | menjantaymaz esemif I won't lean over | senjantaymaz eseŋif you won't lean over | oljantaymaz eseif he won't lean over | bizjantaymaz esekif we won't lean over | sizjantaymaz esegizif you all won't lean over | alajantaymaz eseleif they won't lean over |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menjantayırıq esemif I am going to lean over | senjantayırıq eseŋif you are going to lean over | oljantayırıq eseif he is going to lean over | bizjantayırıq esekif we are going to lean over | sizjantayırıq esegizif you all are going to lean over | alajantayırıq eseleif they are going to lean over |
| Conditional, future | menjantayırıq tül esemif I am not going to lean over | senjantayırıq tül eseŋif you are not going to lean over | oljantayırıq tül eseif he is not going to lean over | bizjantayırıq tül esekif we are not going to lean over | sizjantayırıq tül esegizif you all are not going to lean over | alajantayırıq tül eseleif they are not going to lean over |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menjantayırıq bolsamif I were going to lean over | senjantayırıq bolsaŋif you were going to lean over | oljantayırıq bolsaif he were going to lean over | bizjantayırıq bolsaqif we were going to lean over | sizjantayırıq bolsağızif you all were going to lean over | alajantayırıq bolsalaif they were going to lean over |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menjantaymazlıq bolsamif I were not going to lean over | senjantaymazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to lean over | oljantaymazlıq bolsaif he were not going to lean over | bizjantaymazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to lean over | sizjantaymazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to lean over | alajantaymazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to lean over |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso jantaydıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menjantaya bolurmaI must be leaning over | senjantaya bolursayou must be leaning over | oljantaya bolurhe must be leaning over | bizjantaya bolurbuzwe must be leaning over | sizjantaya bolursuzyou all must be leaning over | alajantaya bolurlathey must be leaning over |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menjantaymay bolurmaI must not be leaning over | senjantaymay bolursayou must not be leaning over | oljantaymay bolurhe must not be leaning over | bizjantaymay bolurbuzwe must not be leaning over | sizjantaymay bolursuzyou all must not be leaning over | alajantaymay bolurlathey must not be leaning over |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menjantaya tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of leaning over | senjantaya tura bolursayou must be in the middle of leaning over | oljantaya tura bolurhe must be in the middle of leaning over | bizjantaya tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of leaning over | sizjantaya tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of leaning over | alajantaya tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of leaning over |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menjantaymay tura bolurmaI must keep on not leaning over | senjantaymay tura bolursayou must keep on not leaning over | oljantaymay tura bolurhe must keep on not leaning over | bizjantaymay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not leaning over | sizjantaymay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not leaning over | alajantaymay tura bolurlathey must keep on not leaning over |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menjantayğan bolurmaI must have leaned over | senjantayğan bolursayou must have leaned over | oljantayğan bolurhe must have leaned over | bizjantayğan bolurbuzwe must have leaned over | sizjantayğan bolursuzyou all must have leaned over | alajantayğan bolurlathey must have leaned over |
| Inference (must have) | menjantaymağan bolurmaI must not have leaned over | senjantaymağan bolursayou must not have leaned over | oljantaymağan bolurhe must not have leaned over | bizjantaymağan bolurbuzwe must not have leaned over | sizjantaymağan bolursuzyou all must not have leaned over | alajantaymağan bolurlathey must not have leaned over |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menjantayırıq bolurmaI must be going to lean over | senjantayırıq bolursayou must be going to lean over | oljantayırıq bolurhe must be going to lean over | bizjantayırıq bolurbuzwe must be going to lean over | sizjantayırıq bolursuzyou all must be going to lean over | alajantayırıq bolurlathey must be going to lean over |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menjantaymazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to lean over | senjantaymazlıq bolursayou must not be going to lean over | oljantaymazlıq bolurhe must not be going to lean over | bizjantaymazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to lean over | sizjantaymazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to lean over | alajantaymazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to lean over |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menjantayayımlet me lean over | senjantay!lean over! | oljantaysınlet him lean over | bizjantayayıqlet's lean over | sizjantayığız!lean over, you all! | alajantaysınlalet them lean over |
| Commands & suggestions | menjantaymayımlet me not lean over | senjantayma!don't lean over! | oljantaymasınlet him not lean over | bizjantaymayıqlet's not lean over | sizjantaymağız!don't lean over, you all! | alajantaymasınlalet them not lean over |
| Commands & suggestions | menjantayayımmı?shall I lean over? | oljantaysınmı?should he lean over? | bizjantayayıqmı?shall we lean over? | alajantaysınlamı?should they lean over? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menjantaymayımmı?shall I not lean over? | oljantaymasınmı?should he not lean over? | bizjantaymayıqmı?shall we not lean over? | alajantaymasınlamı?should they not lean over? | ||
| Requests | senjantayçı2jantayçınplease lean over | oljantaysınçıdo let him lean over | sizjantayçığızplease lean over (plural/polite) | alajantaysınlaçıdo let them lean over | ||
| Requests | senjantaymaçı2jantaymaçınplease don't lean over | oljantaymasınçıdo let him not lean over | sizjantaymaçığızplease don't lean over (plural/polite) | alajantaymasınlaçıdo let them not lean over | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senjantayğınjantayğımay you lean over | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senjantaymağınjantaymağımay you not lean over | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menjantayğay edim jantayğa edimwould that I leaned over | senjantayğay ediŋ jantayğa ediŋwould that you leaned over | oljantayğay edi jantayğa ediwould that he leaned over | bizjantayğay edik jantayğa edikwould that we leaned over | sizjantayğay edigiz jantayğa edigizwould that you all leaned over | alajantayğay edile jantayğa edilewould that they leaned over |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menjantaymağay edim jantaymağa edimwould that I did not lean over | senjantaymağay ediŋ jantaymağa ediŋwould that you did not lean over | oljantaymağay edi jantaymağa ediwould that he did not lean over | bizjantaymağay edik jantaymağa edikwould that we did not lean over | sizjantaymağay edigiz jantaymağa edigizwould that you all did not lean over | alajantaymağay edile jantaymağa edilewould that they did not lean over |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menjantaymağa qoyayımjantayma qoyayımlet me allow someone to lean over | senjantaymağa qoy!jantayma qoy!let someone lean over! | oljantaymağa qoysunjantayma qoysunlet him allow someone to lean over | bizjantaymağa qoyayıqjantayma qoyayıqlet's allow someone to lean over | sizjantaymağa qoyuğuz!jantayma qoyuğuz!let someone lean over, you all! | alajantaymağa qoysunlajantayma qoysunlalet them allow someone to lean over |
| Let someone… (commands) | menjantaymağa qoymayımjantayma qoymayımlet me not allow someone to lean over | senjantaymağa qoyma!jantayma qoyma!don't let someone lean over! | oljantaymağa qoymasınjantayma qoymasınlet him not allow someone to lean over | bizjantaymağa qoymayıqjantayma qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to lean over | sizjantaymağa qoymağız!jantayma qoymağız!don't let someone lean over, you all! | alajantaymağa qoymasınlajantayma qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to lean over |
| Let someone… (commands) | menjantaymağa qoyayımmı?jantayma qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to lean over? | oljantaymağa qoysunmu?jantayma qoysunmu?should he allow someone to lean over? | bizjantaymağa qoyayıqmı?jantayma qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to lean over? | alajantaymağa qoysunlamı?jantayma qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to lean over? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menjantaymağa qoymayımmı?jantayma qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to lean over? | oljantaymağa qoymasınmı?jantayma qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to lean over? | bizjantaymağa qoymayıqmı?jantayma qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to lean over? | alajantaymağa qoymasınlamı?jantayma qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to lean over? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menjantaymağa qoyamajantayma qoyamaI allow someone to lean over | senjantaymağa qoyasajantayma qoyasayou allow someone to lean over | oljantaymağa qoyadıjantayma qoyadıhe allows someone to lean over | bizjantaymağa qoyabızjantayma qoyabızwe allow someone to lean over | sizjantaymağa qoyasızjantayma qoyasızyou all allow someone to lean over | alajantaymağa qoyadılajantayma qoyadılathey allow someone to lean over |
| Let someone… (present) | menjantaymağa qoymaymajantayma qoymaymaI don't allow someone to lean over | senjantaymağa qoymaysajantayma qoymaysayou don't allow someone to lean over | oljantaymağa qoymaydıjantayma qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to lean over | bizjantaymağa qoymaybızjantayma qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to lean over | sizjantaymağa qoymaysızjantayma qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to lean over | alajantaymağa qoymaydılajantayma qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to lean over |
| Let someone… (present) | menjantaymağa qoyamamı?jantayma qoyamamı?do I allow someone to lean over? | senjantaymağa qoyamısa?jantayma qoyamısa?do you allow someone to lean over? | oljantaymağa qoyamıdı?jantayma qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to lean over? | bizjantaymağa qoyabızmı?jantayma qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to lean over? | sizjantaymağa qoyamısız?jantayma qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to lean over? | alajantaymağa qoyamıdıla?jantayma qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to lean over? |
| Let someone… (present) | menjantaymağa qoymaymamı?jantayma qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to lean over? | senjantaymağa qoymaymısa?jantayma qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to lean over? | oljantaymağa qoymaymıdı?jantayma qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to lean over? | bizjantaymağa qoymaybızmı?jantayma qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to lean over? | sizjantaymağa qoymaymısız?jantayma qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to lean over? | alajantaymağa qoymaymıdıla?jantayma qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to lean over? |
| Let someone… (past) | menjantaymağa qoydumjantayma qoydumI allowed someone to lean over | senjantaymağa qoyduŋjantayma qoyduŋyou allowed someone to lean over | oljantaymağa qoydujantayma qoyduhe allowed someone to lean over | bizjantaymağa qoyduqjantayma qoyduqwe allowed someone to lean over | sizjantaymağa qoyduğuzjantayma qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to lean over | alajantaymağa qoydulajantayma qoydulathey allowed someone to lean over |
| Let someone… (past) | menjantaymağa qoymadımjantayma qoymadımI didn't allow someone to lean over | senjantaymağa qoymadıŋjantayma qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to lean over | oljantaymağa qoymadıjantayma qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to lean over | bizjantaymağa qoymadıqjantayma qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to lean over | sizjantaymağa qoymadığızjantayma qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to lean over | alajantaymağa qoymadılajantayma qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to lean over |
| Let someone… (past) | menjantaymağa qoydummu?jantayma qoydummu?did I allow someone to lean over? | senjantaymağa qoyduŋmu?jantayma qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to lean over? | oljantaymağa qoydumu?jantayma qoydumu?did he allow someone to lean over? | bizjantaymağa qoyduqmu?jantayma qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to lean over? | sizjantaymağa qoyduğuzmu?jantayma qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to lean over? | alajantaymağa qoydulamı?jantayma qoydulamı?did they allow someone to lean over? |
| Let someone… (past) | menjantaymağa qoymadımmı?jantayma qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to lean over? | senjantaymağa qoymadıŋmı?jantayma qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to lean over? | oljantaymağa qoymadımı?jantayma qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to lean over? | bizjantaymağa qoymadıqmı?jantayma qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to lean over? | sizjantaymağa qoymadığızmı?jantayma qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to lean over? | alajantaymağa qoymadılamı?jantayma qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to lean over? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menjantayalamaI can lean over | senjantayalasayou can lean over | oljantayaladıhe can lean over | bizjantayalabızwe can lean over | sizjantayalasızyou all can lean over | alajantayaladılathey can lean over |
| Ability — present | menjantayalmaymaI can't lean over | senjantayalmaysayou can't lean over | oljantayalmaydıhe can't lean over | bizjantayalmaybızwe can't lean over | sizjantayalmaysızyou all can't lean over | alajantayalmaydılathey can't lean over |
| Ability — present | menjantayalamamı? jantayalamıma?can I lean over? | senjantayalamısa?can you lean over? | oljantayalamıdı?can he lean over? | bizjantayalabızmı? jantayalamıbız?can we lean over? | sizjantayalamısız?can you all lean over? | alajantayalamıdıla?can they lean over? |
| Ability — present | menjantayalmaymamı? jantayalmaymıma?can't I lean over? | senjantayalmaymısa?can't you lean over? | oljantayalmaymıdı?can't he lean over? | bizjantayalmaybızmı? jantayalmaymıbız?can't we lean over? | sizjantayalmaymısız?can't you all lean over? | alajantayalmaymıdıla?can't they lean over? |
| Ability — if I can… | menjantayalsamif I can lean over | senjantayalsaŋif you can lean over | oljantayalsaif he can lean over | bizjantayalsaqif we can lean over | sizjantayalsağızif you all can lean over | alajantayalsalaif they can lean over |
| Ability — if I can… | menjantayalmasamif I can't lean over | senjantayalmasaŋif you can't lean over | oljantayalmasaif he can't lean over | bizjantayalmasaqif we can't lean over | sizjantayalmasağızif you all can't lean over | alajantayalmasalaif they can't lean over |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menjantayaldımI was able to lean over | senjantayaldıŋyou were able to lean over | oljantayaldıhe was able to lean over | bizjantayaldıqwe were able to lean over | sizjantayaldığızyou all were able to lean over | alajantayaldılathey were able to lean over |
| Ability — simple past | menjantayalmadımI could not lean over | senjantayalmadıŋyou could not lean over | oljantayalmadıhe could not lean over | bizjantayalmadıqwe could not lean over | sizjantayalmadığızyou all could not lean over | alajantayalmadılathey could not lean over |
| Ability — simple past | menjantayaldımmı?was I able to lean over? | senjantayaldıŋmı?were you able to lean over? | oljantayaldımı?was he able to lean over? | bizjantayaldıqmı?were we able to lean over? | sizjantayaldığızmı?were you all able to lean over? | alajantayaldılamı?were they able to lean over? |
| Ability — simple past | menjantayalmadımmı?couldn't I lean over? | senjantayalmadıŋmı?couldn't you lean over? | oljantayalmadımı?couldn't he lean over? | bizjantayalmadıqmı?couldn't we lean over? | sizjantayalmadığızmı?couldn't you all lean over? | alajantayalmadılamı?couldn't they lean over? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjantayalğanmaI have been able to lean over | senjantayalğansayou have been able to lean over | oljantayalğandıhe has been able to lean over | bizjantayalğanbızwe have been able to lean over | sizjantayalğansızyou all have been able to lean over | alajantayalğandılathey have been able to lean over |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjantayalmağanmaI haven't been able to lean over | senjantayalmağansayou haven't been able to lean over | oljantayalmağandıhe hasn't been able to lean over | bizjantayalmağanbızwe haven't been able to lean over | sizjantayalmağansızyou all haven't been able to lean over | alajantayalmağandılathey haven't been able to lean over |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjantayalğanmamı? jantayalğanmıma?have I been able to lean over? | senjantayalğanmısa?have you been able to lean over? | oljantayalğanmıdı?has he been able to lean over? | bizjantayalğanbızmı? jantayalğanmıbız?have we been able to lean over? | sizjantayalğanmısız?have you all been able to lean over? | alajantayalğanmıdıla?have they been able to lean over? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjantayalmağanmamı? jantayalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to lean over? | senjantayalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to lean over? | oljantayalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to lean over? | bizjantayalmağanbızmı? jantayalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to lean over? | sizjantayalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to lean over? | alajantayalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to lean over? |
| Ability — past perfect | menjantayalğan edimjantayalğanemI had been able to lean over | senjantayalğan ediŋjantayalğaneŋyou had been able to lean over | oljantayalğan edijantayalğanedhe had been able to lean over | bizjantayalğan edikjantayalğanekwe had been able to lean over | sizjantayalğan edigizjantayalğanegizyou all had been able to lean over | alajantayalğan edilejantayalğanellethey had been able to lean over |
| Ability — past perfect | menjantayalmağan edimjantayalmağanemI hadn't been able to lean over | senjantayalmağan ediŋjantayalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to lean over | oljantayalmağan edijantayalmağanedhe hadn't been able to lean over | bizjantayalmağan edikjantayalmağanekwe hadn't been able to lean over | sizjantayalmağan edigizjantayalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to lean over | alajantayalmağan edilejantayalmağanellethey hadn't been able to lean over |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menjantayala edimjantayalaemI could lean over | senjantayala ediŋjantayalaeŋyou could lean over | oljantayala edijantayalaedhe could lean over | bizjantayala edikjantayalaekwe could lean over | sizjantayala edigizjantayalaegizyou all could lean over | alajantayala edilejantayalaellethey could lean over |
| Ability — past background | menjantayalmay edimjantayalmayemI could not lean over | senjantayalmay ediŋjantayalmayeŋyou could not lean over | oljantayalmay edijantayalmayedhe could not lean over | bizjantayalmay edikjantayalmayekwe could not lean over | sizjantayalmay edigizjantayalmayegizyou all could not lean over | alajantayalmay edilejantayalmayellethey could not lean over |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menjantayalırmaI will be able to lean over | senjantayalırsayou will be able to lean over | oljantayalırhe will be able to lean over | bizjantayalırbızwe will be able to lean over | sizjantayalırsızyou all will be able to lean over | alajantayalırlathey will be able to lean over |
| Ability — future I | menjantayalmazmaI won't be able to lean over | senjantayalmazsayou won't be able to lean over | oljantayalmazhe won't be able to lean over | bizjantayalmazbızwe won't be able to lean over | sizjantayalmazsızyou all won't be able to lean over | alajantayalmazlathey won't be able to lean over |
| Ability — future I | menjantayalırmamı? jantayalırmıma?will I be able to lean over? | senjantayalırmısa?will you be able to lean over? | oljantayalırmı?will he be able to lean over? | bizjantayalırbızmı? jantayalırmıbız?will we be able to lean over? | sizjantayalırmısız?will you all be able to lean over? | alajantayalırlamı? jantayalırmıla?will they be able to lean over? |
| Ability — future I | menjantayalmazmamı? jantayalmazmıma?won't I be able to lean over? | senjantayalmazmısa?won't you be able to lean over? | oljantayalmazmı?won't he be able to lean over? | bizjantayalmazbızmı? jantayalmazmıbız?won't we be able to lean over? | sizjantayalmazmısız?won't you all be able to lean over? | alajantayalmazlamı? jantayalmazmıla?won't they be able to lean over? |
| Ability — future II | menjantayallıqmaI am going to be able to lean over | senjantayallıqsayou are going to be able to lean over | oljantayallıqdıhe is going to be able to lean over | bizjantayallıqbızwe are going to be able to lean over | sizjantayallıqsızyou all are going to be able to lean over | alajantayallıqdılathey are going to be able to lean over |
| Ability — future II | menjantayallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to lean over | senjantayallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to lean over | oljantayallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to lean over | bizjantayallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to lean over | sizjantayallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to lean over | alajantayallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to lean over |
| Ability — future II | menjantayallıqmamı? jantayallıqmıma?am I going to be able to lean over? | senjantayallıqmısa?are you going to be able to lean over? | oljantayallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to lean over? | bizjantayallıqbızmı? jantayallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to lean over? | sizjantayallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to lean over? | alajantayallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to lean over? |
| Ability — future II | menjantayallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to lean over? | senjantayallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to lean over? | oljantayallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to lean over? | bizjantayallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to lean over? | sizjantayallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to lean over? | alajantayallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to lean over? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menjantayalır edimjantayalır emI would be able to lean over | senjantayalır ediŋjantayalır eŋyou would be able to lean over | oljantayalır edijantayalır edhe would be able to lean over | bizjantayalır edikjantayalır ekwe would be able to lean over | sizjantayalır edigizjantayalır egizyou all would be able to lean over | alajantayalır edilejantayalır ellethey would be able to lean over |
| Ability — would be able to… | menjantayalmaz edimjantayalmaz emI wouldn't be able to lean over | senjantayalmaz ediŋjantayalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to lean over | oljantayalmaz edijantayalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to lean over | bizjantayalmaz edikjantayalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to lean over | sizjantayalmaz edigizjantayalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to lean over | alajantayalmaz edilejantayalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to lean over |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senjantayalğınjantayalğımay you be able to lean over | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senjantayalmağınjantayalmağımay you not be able to lean over | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menjantayırğa izleymeI want to lean over | senjantayırğa izleyseyou want to lean over | oljantayırğa izleydihe wants to lean over | bizjantayırğa izleybizwe want to lean over | sizjantayırğa izleysizyou all want to lean over | alajantayırğa izleydilethey want to lean over |
| want to | menjantayırğa izlemeymeI do not want to lean over | senjantayırğa izlemeyseyou do not want to lean over | oljantayırğa izlemeydihe does not want to lean over | bizjantayırğa izlemeybizwe do not want to lean over | sizjantayırğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to lean over | alajantayırğa izlemeydilethey do not want to lean over |
| would like to | menjantayırğa süemeI would like to lean over | senjantayırğa süeseyou would like to lean over | oljantayırğa süedihe would like to lean over | bizjantayırğa süebizwe would like to lean over | sizjantayırğa süesizyou all would like to lean over | alajantayırğa süedilethey would like to lean over |
| would like to | menjantayırğa süymeymeI would not like to lean over | senjantayırğa süymeyseyou would not like to lean over | oljantayırğa süymeydihe would not like to lean over | bizjantayırğa süymeybizwe would not like to lean over | sizjantayırğa süymeysizyou all would not like to lean over | alajantayırğa süymeydilethey would not like to lean over |
| hope to | menjantayırğa umutlanamaI hope to lean over | senjantayırğa umutlanasayou hope to lean over | oljantayırğa umutlanadıhe hopes to lean over | bizjantayırğa umutlanabızwe hope to lean over | sizjantayırğa umutlanasızyou all hope to lean over | alajantayırğa umutlanadılathey hope to lean over |
| hope to | menjantayırğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to lean over | senjantayırğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to lean over | oljantayırğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to lean over | bizjantayırğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to lean over | sizjantayırğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to lean over | alajantayırğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to lean over |
| be about to | menjantayırğa deb turamaI am about to lean over | senjantayırğa deb turasayou are about to lean over | oljantayırğa deb turadıhe is about to lean over | bizjantayırğa deb turabızwe are about to lean over | sizjantayırğa deb turasızyou all are about to lean over | alajantayırğa deb turadılathey are about to lean over |
| be about to | menjantayırğa deb turmaymaI am not about to lean over | senjantayırğa deb turmaysayou are not about to lean over | oljantayırğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to lean over | bizjantayırğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to lean over | sizjantayırğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to lean over | alajantayırğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to lean over |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menjantayırğa kerekmeI need to lean over | senjantayırğa kerekseyou need to lean over | oljantayırğa kerekdihe needs to lean over | bizjantayırğa kerekbizwe need to lean over | sizjantayırğa kereksizyou all need to lean over | alajantayırğa kerekdilethey need to lean over |
| need to | menjantayırğa kerek tülmeI do not need to lean over | senjantayırğa kerek tülseyou do not need to lean over | oljantayırğa kerek tüldühe does not need to lean over | bizjantayırğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to lean over | sizjantayırğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to lean over | alajantayırğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to lean over |
| have to | menmenŋe jantayırğa tüşediI have to lean over | sensenŋe jantayırğa tüşediyou have to lean over | olaŋa jantayırğa tüşedihe has to lean over | bizbizge jantayırğa tüşediwe have to lean over | sizsizge jantayırğa tüşediyou all have to lean over | alaalağa jantayırğa tüşedithey have to lean over |
| have to | menmenŋe jantayırğa tüşmeydiI do not have to lean over | sensenŋe jantayırğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to lean over | olaŋa jantayırğa tüşmeydihe does not have to lean over | bizbizge jantayırğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to lean over | sizsizge jantayırğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to lean over | alaalağa jantayırğa tüşmeydithey do not have to lean over |
| be obliged to | menjantayırğa borçlumaI am obliged to lean over | senjantayırğa borçlusayou are obliged to lean over | oljantayırğa borçluduhe is obliged to lean over | bizjantayırğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to lean over | sizjantayırğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to lean over | alajantayırğa borçludulathey are obliged to lean over |
| be obliged to | menjantayırğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to lean over | senjantayırğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to lean over | oljantayırğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to lean over | bizjantayırğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to lean over | sizjantayırğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to lean over | alajantayırğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to lean over |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menjantayırğa madarım bardıI have a way to lean over | senjantayırğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to lean over | oljantayırğa madarı bardıhe has a way to lean over | bizjantayırğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to lean over | sizjantayırğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to lean over | alajantayırğa madarları bardıthey have a way to lean over |
| have a way to | menjantayırğa madarım joqduI have no way to lean over | senjantayırğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to lean over | oljantayırğa madarı joqduhe has no way to lean over | bizjantayırğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to lean over | sizjantayırğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to lean over | alajantayırğa madarları joqduthey have no way to lean over |
| be free to | menjantayırğa erkinligim bardıI am free to lean over | senjantayırğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to lean over | oljantayırğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to lean over | bizjantayırğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to lean over | sizjantayırğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to lean over | alajantayırğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to lean over |
| be free to | menjantayırğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to lean over | senjantayırğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to lean over | oljantayırğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to lean over | bizjantayırğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to lean over | sizjantayırğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to lean over | alajantayırğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to lean over |
| be possible to | menmenŋe jantayırğa bolluqduit is possible for me to lean over | sensenŋe jantayırğa bolluqduit is possible for you to lean over | olaŋa jantayırğa bolluqduit is possible for him to lean over | bizbizge jantayırğa bolluqduit is possible for us to lean over | sizsizge jantayırğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to lean over | alaalağa jantayırğa bolluqduit is possible for them to lean over |
| be possible to | menmenŋe jantayırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to lean over | sensenŋe jantayırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to lean over | olaŋa jantayırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to lean over | bizbizge jantayırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to lean over | sizsizge jantayırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to lean over | alaalağa jantayırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to lean over |
| be ready to | menjantayırğa hazırmaI am ready to lean over | senjantayırğa hazırsayou are ready to lean over | oljantayırğa hazırdıhe is ready to lean over | bizjantayırğa hazırbızwe are ready to lean over | sizjantayırğa hazırsızyou all are ready to lean over | alajantayırğa hazırdılathey are ready to lean over |
| be ready to | menjantayırğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to lean over | senjantayırğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to lean over | oljantayırğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to lean over | bizjantayırğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to lean over | sizjantayırğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to lean over | alajantayırğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to lean over |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menjantayırğa küreşemeI am trying to lean over | senjantayırğa küreşeseyou are trying to lean over | oljantayırğa küreşedihe is trying to lean over | bizjantayırğa küreşebizwe are trying to lean over | sizjantayırğa küreşesizyou all are trying to lean over | alajantayırğa küreşedilethey are trying to lean over |
| try to | menjantayırğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to lean over | senjantayırğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to lean over | oljantayırğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to lean over | bizjantayırğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to lean over | sizjantayırğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to lean over | alajantayırğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to lean over |
| agree to | menjantayırğa unaymaI agree to lean over | senjantayırğa unaysayou agree to lean over | oljantayırğa unaydıhe agrees to lean over | bizjantayırğa unaybızwe agree to lean over | sizjantayırğa unaysızyou all agree to lean over | alajantayırğa unaydılathey agree to lean over |
| agree to | menjantayırğa unamaymaI refuse to lean over | senjantayırğa unamaysayou refuse to lean over | oljantayırğa unamaydıhe refuses to lean over | bizjantayırğa unamaybızwe refuse to lean over | sizjantayırğa unamaysızyou all refuse to lean over | alajantayırğa unamaydılathey refuse to lean over |
| hurry to | menjantayırğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to lean over | senjantayırğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to lean over | oljantayırğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to lean over | bizjantayırğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to lean over | sizjantayırğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to lean over | alajantayırğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to lean over |
| hurry to | menjantayırğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to lean over | senjantayırğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to lean over | oljantayırğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to lean over | bizjantayırğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to lean over | sizjantayırğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to lean over | alajantayırğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to lean over |
| be afraid to | menjantayırğa qorqamaI am afraid to lean over | senjantayırğa qorqasayou are afraid to lean over | oljantayırğa qorqadıhe is afraid to lean over | bizjantayırğa qorqabızwe are afraid to lean over | sizjantayırğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to lean over | alajantayırğa qorqadılathey are afraid to lean over |
| be afraid to | menjantayırğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to lean over | senjantayırğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to lean over | oljantayırğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to lean over | bizjantayırğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to lean over | sizjantayırğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to lean over | alajantayırğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to lean over |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menjantaya bolmazmaI can't be leaning over | senjantaya bolmazsayou can't be leaning over | oljantaya bolmazhe can't be leaning over | bizjantaya bolmazbızwe can't be leaning over | sizjantaya bolmazsızyou all can't be leaning over | alajantaya bolmazlathey can't be leaning over |
| Inference, present — double negation | menjantaymay bolmazmaI must be leaning over (emphatic) | senjantaymay bolmazsayou must be leaning over (emphatic) | oljantaymay bolmazhe must be leaning over (emphatic) | bizjantaymay bolmazbızwe must be leaning over (emphatic) | sizjantaymay bolmazsızyou all must be leaning over (emphatic) | alajantaymay bolmazlathey must be leaning over (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menjantaya turmasamif I don't keep leaning over | senjantaya turmasaŋif you don't keep leaning over | oljantaya turmasaif he doesn't keep leaning over | bizjantaya turmasaqif we don't keep leaning over | sizjantaya turmasağızif you all don't keep leaning over | alajantaya turmasalaif they don't keep leaning over |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menjantaya tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of leaning over | senjantaya tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of leaning over | oljantaya tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of leaning over | bizjantaya tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of leaning over | sizjantaya tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of leaning over | alajantaya tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of leaning over |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menjantaymay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not leaning over (emphatic) | senjantaymay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not leaning over (emphatic) | oljantaymay tura bolmazhe must keep on not leaning over (emphatic) | bizjantaymay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not leaning over (emphatic) | sizjantaymay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not leaning over (emphatic) | alajantaymay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not leaning over (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menjantaymay turamaI keep on not leaning over | senjantaymay turasayou keep on not leaning over | oljantaymay turadıhe keeps on not leaning over | bizjantaymay turabızwe keep on not leaning over | sizjantaymay turasızyou all keep on not leaning over | alajantaymay turadılathey keep on not leaning over |
| Progressive — double negation | menjantaymay turmaymaI am not keeping on not leaning over | senjantaymay turmaysayou are not keeping on not leaning over | oljantaymay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not leaning over | bizjantaymay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not leaning over | sizjantaymay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not leaning over | alajantaymay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not leaning over |
| Progressive — double negation | menjantaymay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not leaning over? | senjantaymay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not leaning over? | oljantaymay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not leaning over? | bizjantaymay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not leaning over? | sizjantaymay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not leaning over? | alajantaymay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not leaning over? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menjantayğan bolmazmaI can't have leaned over | senjantayğan bolmazsayou can't have leaned over | oljantayğan bolmazhe can't have leaned over | bizjantayğan bolmazbızwe can't have leaned over | sizjantayğan bolmazsızyou all can't have leaned over | alajantayğan bolmazlathey can't have leaned over |
| Inference — double negation | menjantaymağan bolmazmaI must have leaned over (emphatic) | senjantaymağan bolmazsayou must have leaned over (emphatic) | oljantaymağan bolmazhe must have leaned over (emphatic) | bizjantaymağan bolmazbızwe must have leaned over (emphatic) | sizjantaymağan bolmazsızyou all must have leaned over (emphatic) | alajantaymağan bolmazlathey must have leaned over (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menjantayğan bolmasamif it weren't that I had leaned over | senjantayğan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had leaned over | oljantayğan bolmasaif it weren't that he had leaned over | bizjantayğan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had leaned over | sizjantayğan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had leaned over | alajantayğan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had leaned over |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menjantaymağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't leaned over | senjantaymağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't leaned over | oljantaymağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't leaned over | bizjantaymağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't leaned over | sizjantaymağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't leaned over | alajantaymağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't leaned over |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menjantayırıq bolmazmaI can't be going to lean over | senjantayırıq bolmazsayou can't be going to lean over | oljantayırıq bolmazhe can't be going to lean over | bizjantayırıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to lean over | sizjantayırıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to lean over | alajantayırıq bolmazlathey can't be going to lean over |
| Inference, future — double negation | menjantaymazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to lean over (emphatic) | senjantaymazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to lean over (emphatic) | oljantaymazlıq bolmazhe must be going to lean over (emphatic) | bizjantaymazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to lean over (emphatic) | sizjantaymazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to lean over (emphatic) | alajantaymazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to lean over (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menjantayırıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to lean over | senjantayırıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to lean over | oljantayırıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to lean over | bizjantayırıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to lean over | sizjantayırıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to lean over | alajantayırıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to lean over |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menjantaymazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to lean over | senjantaymazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to lean over | oljantaymazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to lean over | bizjantaymazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to lean over | sizjantaymazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to lean over | alajantaymazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to lean over |