jampayırğa
/dʒampajɯrʁa/
1. lean over, tilt to one side, keel over, topple
- bir janına jampayırğa — to lean over to one side
- tal terek jampayıb turadı — the willow tree is leaning over
- arbaŋ jampayıb baradı — your cart is tipping over
- biçen arba jampaya jampaya baradı — the hay cart goes along leaning to one side
- ol awa tebreb jampaydı — he started to fall and keeled over
- terek bir janına jampaydı — the tree leaned over to one side
- arba jampaydı — the cart tipped over
2. sprawl, loll, sit or lie back carelessly — Often used in the form jampayıb before tururğa or jatarğa.
- jampayıb tururğa — to sprawl, to loll about
- jampayıb jatarğa — to lie sprawled out
- busaqnı üsüne jampayıb tura edi — he was sprawling on the mat
- jampayıb olturma — don't sit sprawled out
Conjugation
Common forms
- jampayadıhe is leaning over
- jampaydıhe leaned over
- jampayğandıhe has leaned over
- jampayırhe will lean over
- jampayırıqdıhe is going to lean over
- jampaya edihe was leaning over
- jampaysaif he leans over
- jampay!lean over!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjampayamaI am leaning over | senjampayasayou are leaning over | oljampayadıhe is leaning over | bizjampayabızwe are leaning over | sizjampayasızyou all are leaning over | alajampayadılathey are leaning over |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjampaymaymaI am not leaning over | senjampaymaysayou are not leaning over | oljampaymaydıhe is not leaning over | bizjampaymaybızwe are not leaning over | sizjampaymaysızyou all are not leaning over | alajampaymaydılathey are not leaning over |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjampayamamı? jampayamıma?am I leaning over? | senjampayamısa?are you leaning over? | oljampayamıdı?is he leaning over? | bizjampayabızmı? jampayamıbız?are we leaning over? | sizjampayamısız?are you all leaning over? | alajampayamıdıla?are they leaning over? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menjampaymaymamı? jampaymaymıma?aren't I leaning over? | senjampaymaymısa?aren't you leaning over? | oljampaymaymıdı?isn't he leaning over? | bizjampaymaybızmı? jampaymaymıbız?aren't we leaning over? | sizjampaymaymısız?aren't you all leaning over? | alajampaymaymıdıla?aren't they leaning over? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjampayıwçanmaI usually lean over | senjampayıwçansayou usually lean over | oljampayıwçandıhe usually leans over | bizjampayıwçanbızwe usually lean over | sizjampayıwçansızyou all usually lean over | alajampayıwçandılathey usually lean over |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjampaymawçanmaI usually don't lean over | senjampaymawçansayou usually don't lean over | oljampaymawçandıhe usually doesn't lean over | bizjampaymawçanbızwe usually don't lean over | sizjampaymawçansızyou all usually don't lean over | alajampaymawçandılathey usually don't lean over |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjampayıwçanmamı? jampayıwçanmıma?do I usually lean over? | senjampayıwçanmısa?do you usually lean over? | oljampayıwçanmıdı?does he usually lean over? | bizjampayıwçanbızmı? jampayıwçanmıbız?do we usually lean over? | sizjampayıwçanmısız?do you all usually lean over? | alajampayıwçanmıdıla?do they usually lean over? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menjampaymawçanmamı? jampaymawçanmıma?do I usually not lean over? | senjampaymawçanmısa?do you usually not lean over? | oljampaymawçanmıdı?does he usually not lean over? | bizjampaymawçanbızmı? jampaymawçanmıbız?do we usually not lean over? | sizjampaymawçanmısız?do you all usually not lean over? | alajampaymawçanmıdıla?do they usually not lean over? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oljampayıbdıhe has leaned over and remains so | alajampayıbdılathey have leaned over and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | oljampayıbmıdı?has he leaned over? | alajampayıbmıdıla?have they leaned over? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjampayıb turamaI keep leaning over | senjampayıb turasayou keep leaning over | oljampayıb turadıhe keeps leaning over | bizjampayıb turabızwe keep leaning over | sizjampayıb turasızyou all keep leaning over | alajampayıb turadılathey keep leaning over |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjampayıb turmaymaI don't keep leaning over | senjampayıb turmaysayou don't keep leaning over | oljampayıb turmaydıhe doesn't keep leaning over | bizjampayıb turmaybızwe don't keep leaning over | sizjampayıb turmaysızyou all don't keep leaning over | alajampayıb turmaydılathey don't keep leaning over |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjampayıb turamamı? jampayıb turamıma?do I keep leaning over? | senjampayıb turamısa?do you keep leaning over? | oljampayıb turamıdı?does he keep leaning over? | bizjampayıb turabızmı? jampayıb turamıbız?do we keep leaning over? | sizjampayıb turamısız?do you all keep leaning over? | alajampayıb turamıdıla?do they keep leaning over? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menjampayıb turmaymamı? jampayıb turmaymıma?don't I keep leaning over? | senjampayıb turmaymısa?don't you keep leaning over? | oljampayıb turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep leaning over? | bizjampayıb turmaybızmı? jampayıb turmaymıbız?don't we keep leaning over? | sizjampayıb turmaymısız?don't you all keep leaning over? | alajampayıb turmaymıdıla?don't they keep leaning over? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjampaya turamaI am in the middle of leaning over | senjampaya turasayou are in the middle of leaning over | oljampaya turadıhe is in the middle of leaning over | bizjampaya turabızwe are in the middle of leaning over | sizjampaya turasızyou all are in the middle of leaning over | alajampaya turadılathey are in the middle of leaning over |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjampaya turmaymaI am not in the middle of leaning over | senjampaya turmaysayou are not in the middle of leaning over | oljampaya turmaydıhe is not in the middle of leaning over | bizjampaya turmaybızwe are not in the middle of leaning over | sizjampaya turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of leaning over | alajampaya turmaydılathey are not in the middle of leaning over |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjampaya turamamı? jampaya turamıma?am I in the middle of leaning over? | senjampaya turamısa?are you in the middle of leaning over? | oljampaya turamıdı?is he in the middle of leaning over? | bizjampaya turabızmı? jampaya turamıbız?are we in the middle of leaning over? | sizjampaya turamısız?are you all in the middle of leaning over? | alajampaya turamıdıla?are they in the middle of leaning over? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menjampaya turmaymamı? jampaya turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of leaning over? | senjampaya turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of leaning over? | oljampaya turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of leaning over? | bizjampaya turmaybızmı? jampaya turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of leaning over? | sizjampaya turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of leaning over? | alajampaya turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of leaning over? |
| Simple past (definite) | menjampaydımI leaned over | senjampaydıŋyou leaned over | oljampaydıhe leaned over | bizjampaydıqwe leaned over | sizjampaydığızyou all leaned over | alajampaydılathey leaned over |
| Simple past (definite) | menjampaymadımI didn't lean over | senjampaymadıŋyou didn't lean over | oljampaymadıhe didn't lean over | bizjampaymadıqwe didn't lean over | sizjampaymadığızyou all didn't lean over | alajampaymadılathey didn't lean over |
| Simple past (definite) | menjampaydımmı?did I lean over? | senjampaydıŋmı?did you lean over? | oljampaydımı?did he lean over? | bizjampaydıqmı?did we lean over? | sizjampaydığızmı?did you all lean over? | alajampaydılamı?did they lean over? |
| Simple past (definite) | menjampaymadımmı?didn't I lean over? | senjampaymadıŋmı?didn't you lean over? | oljampaymadımı?didn't he lean over? | bizjampaymadıqmı?didn't we lean over? | sizjampaymadığızmı?didn't you all lean over? | alajampaymadılamı?didn't they lean over? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjampayğanmaI have leaned over | senjampayğansayou have leaned over | oljampayğandıhe has leaned over | bizjampayğanbızwe have leaned over | sizjampayğansızyou all have leaned over | alajampayğandılathey have leaned over |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjampaymağanmaI haven't leaned over | senjampaymağansayou haven't leaned over | oljampaymağandıhe hasn't leaned over | bizjampaymağanbızwe haven't leaned over | sizjampaymağansızyou all haven't leaned over | alajampaymağandılathey haven't leaned over |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjampayğanmamı? jampayğanmıma?have I leaned over? | senjampayğanmısa?have you leaned over? | oljampayğanmıdı?has he leaned over? | bizjampayğanbızmı? jampayğanmıbız?have we leaned over? | sizjampayğanmısız?have you all leaned over? | alajampayğanmıdıla?have they leaned over? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menjampaymağanmamı? jampaymağanmıma?haven't I leaned over? | senjampaymağanmısa?haven't you leaned over? | oljampaymağanmıdı?hasn't he leaned over? | bizjampaymağanbızmı? jampaymağanmıbız?haven't we leaned over? | sizjampaymağanmısız?haven't you all leaned over? | alajampaymağanmıdıla?haven't they leaned over? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menjampayıb turdumI kept leaning over | senjampayıb turduŋyou kept leaning over | oljampayıb turduhe kept leaning over | bizjampayıb turduqwe kept leaning over | sizjampayıb turduğuzyou all kept leaning over | alajampayıb turdulathey kept leaning over |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menjampayıb turmadımI didn't keep leaning over | senjampayıb turmadıŋyou didn't keep leaning over | oljampayıb turmadıhe didn't keep leaning over | bizjampayıb turmadıqwe didn't keep leaning over | sizjampayıb turmadığızyou all didn't keep leaning over | alajampayıb turmadılathey didn't keep leaning over |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjampayırmaI will lean over | senjampayırsayou will lean over | oljampayırhe will lean over | bizjampayırbızwe will lean over | sizjampayırsızyou all will lean over | alajampayırlathey will lean over |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjampaymazmaI won't lean over | senjampaymazsayou won't lean over | oljampaymazhe won't lean over | bizjampaymazbızwe won't lean over | sizjampaymazsızyou all won't lean over | alajampaymazlathey won't lean over |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjampayırmamı? jampayırmıma?will I lean over? | senjampayırmısa?will you lean over? | oljampayırmı?will he lean over? | bizjampayırbızmı? jampayırmıbız?will we lean over? | sizjampayırmısız?will you all lean over? | alajampayırlamı? jampayırmıla?will they lean over? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menjampaymazmamı? jampaymazmıma?won't I lean over? | senjampaymazmısa?won't you lean over? | oljampaymazmı?won't he lean over? | bizjampaymazbızmı? jampaymazmıbız?won't we lean over? | sizjampaymazmısız?won't you all lean over? | alajampaymazlamı? jampaymazmıla?won't they lean over? |
| Definite future (future II) | menjampayırıqmaI am going to lean over | senjampayırıqsayou are going to lean over | oljampayırıqdıhe is going to lean over | bizjampayırıqbızwe are going to lean over | sizjampayırıqsızyou all are going to lean over | alajampayırıqdılathey are going to lean over |
| Definite future (future II) | menjampayırıq tülmeI am not going to lean over | senjampayırıq tülseyou are not going to lean over | oljampayırıq tüldühe is not going to lean over | bizjampayırıq tülbüzwe are not going to lean over | sizjampayırıq tülsüzyou all are not going to lean over | alajampayırıq tüldülethey are not going to lean over |
| Definite future (future II) | menjampayırıqmamı? jampayırıqmıma?am I going to lean over? | senjampayırıqmısa?are you going to lean over? | oljampayırıqmıdı?is he going to lean over? | bizjampayırıqbızmı? jampayırıqmıbız?are we going to lean over? | sizjampayırıqmısız?are you all going to lean over? | alajampayırıqmıdıla?are they going to lean over? |
| Definite future (future II) | menjampayırıq tülmüme?aren't I going to lean over? | senjampayırıq tülmüse?aren't you going to lean over? | oljampayırıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to lean over? | bizjampayırıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to lean over? | sizjampayırıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to lean over? | alajampayırıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to lean over? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menjampayğan edimjampayğanemI had leaned over | senjampayğan ediŋjampayğaneŋyou had leaned over | oljampayğan edijampayğanedhe had leaned over | bizjampayğan edikjampayğanekwe had leaned over | sizjampayğan edigizjampayğanegizyou all had leaned over | alajampayğan edilejampayğanellethey had leaned over |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menjampaymağan edimjampaymağanemI hadn't leaned over | senjampaymağan ediŋjampaymağaneŋyou hadn't leaned over | oljampaymağan edijampaymağanedhe hadn't leaned over | bizjampaymağan edikjampaymağanekwe hadn't leaned over | sizjampaymağan edigizjampaymağanegizyou all hadn't leaned over | alajampaymağan edilejampaymağanellethey hadn't leaned over |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menjampaya edimjampayaemI was leaning over | senjampaya ediŋjampayaeŋyou were leaning over | oljampaya edijampayaedhe was leaning over | bizjampaya edikjampayaekwe were leaning over | sizjampaya edigizjampayaegizyou all were leaning over | alajampaya edilejampayaellethey were leaning over |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menjampaymay edimjampaymayemI wasn't leaning over | senjampaymay ediŋjampaymayeŋyou weren't leaning over | oljampaymay edijampaymayedhe wasn't leaning over | bizjampaymay edikjampaymayekwe weren't leaning over | sizjampaymay edigizjampaymayegizyou all weren't leaning over | alajampaymay edilejampaymayellethey weren't leaning over |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menjampayıwçan edimjampayıwçanemI used to lean over | senjampayıwçan ediŋjampayıwçaneŋyou used to lean over | oljampayıwçan edijampayıwçanedhe used to lean over | bizjampayıwçan edikjampayıwçanekwe used to lean over | sizjampayıwçan edigizjampayıwçanegizyou all used to lean over | alajampayıwçan edilejampayıwçanellethey used to lean over |
| Habitual past (used to) | menjampaymawçan edimjampaymawçanemI didn't use to lean over | senjampaymawçan ediŋjampaymawçaneŋyou didn't use to lean over | oljampaymawçan edijampaymawçanedhe didn't use to lean over | bizjampaymawçan edikjampaymawçanekwe didn't use to lean over | sizjampaymawçan edigizjampaymawçanegizyou all didn't use to lean over | alajampaymawçan edilejampaymawçanellethey didn't use to lean over |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oljampayıb edihe had leaned over and remained so | alajampayıb edilethey had leaned over and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | oljampayıb tül edihe hadn't leaned over | alajampayıb tül edilethey hadn't leaned over | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menjampayıb tura edimjampayıb turaemI had kept leaning over | senjampayıb tura ediŋjampayıb turaeŋyou had kept leaning over | oljampayıb tura edijampayıb turaedhe had kept leaning over | bizjampayıb tura edikjampayıb turaekwe had kept leaning over | sizjampayıb tura edigizjampayıb turaegizyou all had kept leaning over | alajampayıb tura edilejampayıb turaellethey had kept leaning over |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menjampayıb turmay edimjampayıb turmayemI hadn't kept leaning over | senjampayıb turmay ediŋjampayıb turmayeŋyou hadn't kept leaning over | oljampayıb turmay edijampayıb turmayedhe hadn't kept leaning over | bizjampayıb turmay edikjampayıb turmayekwe hadn't kept leaning over | sizjampayıb turmay edigizjampayıb turmayegizyou all hadn't kept leaning over | alajampayıb turmay edilejampayıb turmayellethey hadn't kept leaning over |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menjampaya tura edimjampaya turaemI was in the middle of leaning over | senjampaya tura ediŋjampaya turaeŋyou were in the middle of leaning over | oljampaya tura edijampaya turaedhe was in the middle of leaning over | bizjampaya tura edikjampaya turaekwe were in the middle of leaning over | sizjampaya tura edigizjampaya turaegizyou all were in the middle of leaning over | alajampaya tura edilejampaya turaellethey were in the middle of leaning over |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menjampaya turmay edimjampaya turmayemI wasn't in the middle of leaning over | senjampaya turmay ediŋjampaya turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of leaning over | oljampaya turmay edijampaya turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of leaning over | bizjampaya turmay edikjampaya turmayekwe weren't in the middle of leaning over | sizjampaya turmay edigizjampaya turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of leaning over | alajampaya turmay edilejampaya turmayellethey weren't in the middle of leaning over |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menjampayır edimjampayır emI would lean over | senjampayır ediŋjampayır eŋyou would lean over | oljampayır edijampayır edhe would lean over | bizjampayır edikjampayır ekwe would lean over | sizjampayır edigizjampayır egizyou all would lean over | alajampayır edilejampayır ellethey would lean over |
| Conditional result (would) | menjampaymaz edimjampaymaz emI wouldn't lean over | senjampaymaz ediŋjampaymaz eŋyou wouldn't lean over | oljampaymaz edijampaymaz edhe wouldn't lean over | bizjampaymaz edikjampaymaz ekwe wouldn't lean over | sizjampaymaz edigizjampaymaz egizyou all wouldn't lean over | alajampaymaz edilejampaymaz ellethey wouldn't lean over |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menjampayırıq edimjampayırıq emI would have leaned over | senjampayırıq ediŋjampayırıq eŋyou would have leaned over | oljampayırıq edijampayırıq edhe would have leaned over | bizjampayırıq edikjampayırıq ekwe would have leaned over | sizjampayırıq edigizjampayırıq egizyou all would have leaned over | alajampayırıq edilejampayırıq ellethey would have leaned over |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menjampayırıq tül edimjampayırıq tül emI wouldn't have leaned over | senjampayırıq tül ediŋjampayırıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have leaned over | oljampayırıq tül edijampayırıq tül edhe wouldn't have leaned over | bizjampayırıq tül edikjampayırıq tül ekwe wouldn't have leaned over | sizjampayırıq tül edigizjampayırıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have leaned over | alajampayırıq tül edilejampayırıq tül ellethey wouldn't have leaned over |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menjampaysamif I lean over | senjampaysaŋif you lean over | oljampaysaif he leans over | bizjampaysaqif we lean over | sizjampaysağızif you all lean over | alajampaysalaif they lean over |
| Conditional | menjampaymasamif I don't lean over | senjampaymasaŋif you don't lean over | oljampaymasaif he doesn't lean over | bizjampaymasaqif we don't lean over | sizjampaymasağızif you all don't lean over | alajampaymasalaif they don't lean over |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menjampaya esemif I am leaning over | senjampaya eseŋif you are leaning over | oljampaya eseif he is leaning over | bizjampaya esekif we are leaning over | sizjampaya esegizif you all are leaning over | alajampaya eseleif they are leaning over |
| Conditional, present real | menjampaymay esemif I am not leaning over | senjampaymay eseŋif you are not leaning over | oljampaymay eseif he is not leaning over | bizjampaymay esekif we are not leaning over | sizjampaymay esegizif you all are not leaning over | alajampaymay eseleif they are not leaning over |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menjampaysam edijampaysam edif only I leaned over | senjampaysaŋ edijampaysaŋ edif only you leaned over | oljampaysa edijampaysaedif only he leaned over | bizjampaysaq edijampaysaq edif only we leaned over | sizjampaysağız edijampaysağız edif only you all leaned over | alajampaysala edijampaysalaedif only they leaned over |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menjampaymasam edijampaymasam edif only I didn't lean over | senjampaymasaŋ edijampaymasaŋ edif only you didn't lean over | oljampaymasa edijampaymasaedif only he didn't lean over | bizjampaymasaq edijampaymasaq edif only we didn't lean over | sizjampaymasağız edijampaymasağız edif only you all didn't lean over | alajampaymasala edijampaymasalaedif only they didn't lean over |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menjampayıb tursamif I carry on leaning over | senjampayıb tursaŋif you carry on leaning over | oljampayıb tursaif he carries on leaning over | bizjampayıb tursaqif we carry on leaning over | sizjampayıb tursağızif you all carry on leaning over | alajampayıb tursalaif they carry on leaning over |
| Durative conditional | menjampayıb turmasamif I don't carry on leaning over | senjampayıb turmasaŋif you don't carry on leaning over | oljampayıb turmasaif he doesn't carry on leaning over | bizjampayıb turmasaqif we don't carry on leaning over | sizjampayıb turmasağızif you all don't carry on leaning over | alajampayıb turmasalaif they don't carry on leaning over |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menjampayıb tura esemif I have kept leaning over | senjampayıb tura eseŋif you have kept leaning over | oljampayıb tura eseif he has kept leaning over | bizjampayıb tura esekif we have kept leaning over | sizjampayıb tura esegizif you all have kept leaning over | alajampayıb tura eseleif they have kept leaning over |
| Durative conditional, present real | menjampayıb turmay esemif I haven't kept leaning over | senjampayıb turmay eseŋif you haven't kept leaning over | oljampayıb turmay eseif he hasn't kept leaning over | bizjampayıb turmay esekif we haven't kept leaning over | sizjampayıb turmay esegizif you all haven't kept leaning over | alajampayıb turmay eseleif they haven't kept leaning over |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menjampaya tursamif I keep leaning over | senjampaya tursaŋif you keep leaning over | oljampaya tursaif he keeps leaning over | bizjampaya tursaqif we keep leaning over | sizjampaya tursağızif you all keep leaning over | alajampaya tursalaif they keep leaning over |
| Progressive conditional | menjampaymay tursamif I keep on not leaning over | senjampaymay tursaŋif you keep on not leaning over | oljampaymay tursaif he keeps on not leaning over | bizjampaymay tursaqif we keep on not leaning over | sizjampaymay tursağızif you all keep on not leaning over | alajampaymay tursalaif they keep on not leaning over |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menjampaya tura esemif I am in the middle of leaning over | senjampaya tura eseŋif you are in the middle of leaning over | oljampaya tura eseif he is in the middle of leaning over | bizjampaya tura esekif we are in the middle of leaning over | sizjampaya tura esegizif you all are in the middle of leaning over | alajampaya tura eseleif they are in the middle of leaning over |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menjampaymay tura esemif I keep on not leaning over | senjampaymay tura eseŋif you keep on not leaning over | oljampaymay tura eseif he keeps on not leaning over | bizjampaymay tura esekif we keep on not leaning over | sizjampaymay tura esegizif you all keep on not leaning over | alajampaymay tura eseleif they keep on not leaning over |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menjampaydım esemif I leaned over | senjampaydıŋ eseŋif you leaned over | oljampaydı eseif he leaned over | bizjampaydıq esekif we leaned over | sizjampaydığız esegizif you all leaned over | alajampaydıla eseleif they leaned over |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menjampaymadım esemif I didn't lean over | senjampaymadıŋ eseŋif you didn't lean over | oljampaymadı eseif he didn't lean over | bizjampaymadıq esekif we didn't lean over | sizjampaymadığız esegizif you all didn't lean over | alajampaymadıla eseleif they didn't lean over |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menjampayğan esemif I did lean over (indeed) | senjampayğan eseŋif you did lean over (indeed) | oljampayğan eseif he did lean over (indeed) | bizjampayğan esekif we did lean over (indeed) | sizjampayğan esegizif you all did lean over (indeed) | alajampayğan eseleif they did lean over (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menjampaymağan esemif I didn't lean over (indeed) | senjampaymağan eseŋif you didn't lean over (indeed) | oljampaymağan eseif he didn't lean over (indeed) | bizjampaymağan esekif we didn't lean over (indeed) | sizjampaymağan esegizif you all didn't lean over (indeed) | alajampaymağan eseleif they didn't lean over (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menjampayğan bolsamif I had leaned over | senjampayğan bolsaŋif you had leaned over | oljampayğan bolsaif he had leaned over | bizjampayğan bolsaqif we had leaned over | sizjampayğan bolsağızif you all had leaned over | alajampayğan bolsalaif they had leaned over |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menjampaymağan bolsamif I hadn't leaned over | senjampaymağan bolsaŋif you hadn't leaned over | oljampaymağan bolsaif he hadn't leaned over | bizjampaymağan bolsaqif we hadn't leaned over | sizjampaymağan bolsağızif you all hadn't leaned over | alajampaymağan bolsalaif they hadn't leaned over |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menjampayğan bolsam edijampayğan bolsam edif only I had leaned over | senjampayğan bolsaŋ edijampayğan bolsaŋ edif only you had leaned over | oljampayğan bolsa edijampayğan bolsaedif only he had leaned over | bizjampayğan bolsaq edijampayğan bolsaq edif only we had leaned over | sizjampayğan bolsağız edijampayğan bolsağız edif only you all had leaned over | alajampayğan bolsala edijampayğan bolsalaedif only they had leaned over |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menjampaymağan bolsam edijampaymağan bolsam edif only I hadn't leaned over | senjampaymağan bolsaŋ edijampaymağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't leaned over | oljampaymağan bolsa edijampaymağan bolsaedif only he hadn't leaned over | bizjampaymağan bolsaq edijampaymağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't leaned over | sizjampaymağan bolsağız edijampaymağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't leaned over | alajampaymağan bolsala edijampaymağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't leaned over |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menjampayır esemif I will lean over | senjampayır eseŋif you will lean over | oljampayır eseif he will lean over | bizjampayır esekif we will lean over | sizjampayır esegizif you all will lean over | alajampayır eseleif they will lean over |
| Conditional, aorist | menjampaymaz esemif I won't lean over | senjampaymaz eseŋif you won't lean over | oljampaymaz eseif he won't lean over | bizjampaymaz esekif we won't lean over | sizjampaymaz esegizif you all won't lean over | alajampaymaz eseleif they won't lean over |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menjampayırıq esemif I am going to lean over | senjampayırıq eseŋif you are going to lean over | oljampayırıq eseif he is going to lean over | bizjampayırıq esekif we are going to lean over | sizjampayırıq esegizif you all are going to lean over | alajampayırıq eseleif they are going to lean over |
| Conditional, future | menjampayırıq tül esemif I am not going to lean over | senjampayırıq tül eseŋif you are not going to lean over | oljampayırıq tül eseif he is not going to lean over | bizjampayırıq tül esekif we are not going to lean over | sizjampayırıq tül esegizif you all are not going to lean over | alajampayırıq tül eseleif they are not going to lean over |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menjampayırıq bolsamif I were going to lean over | senjampayırıq bolsaŋif you were going to lean over | oljampayırıq bolsaif he were going to lean over | bizjampayırıq bolsaqif we were going to lean over | sizjampayırıq bolsağızif you all were going to lean over | alajampayırıq bolsalaif they were going to lean over |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menjampaymazlıq bolsamif I were not going to lean over | senjampaymazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to lean over | oljampaymazlıq bolsaif he were not going to lean over | bizjampaymazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to lean over | sizjampaymazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to lean over | alajampaymazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to lean over |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso jampaydıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menjampaya bolurmaI must be leaning over | senjampaya bolursayou must be leaning over | oljampaya bolurhe must be leaning over | bizjampaya bolurbuzwe must be leaning over | sizjampaya bolursuzyou all must be leaning over | alajampaya bolurlathey must be leaning over |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menjampaymay bolurmaI must not be leaning over | senjampaymay bolursayou must not be leaning over | oljampaymay bolurhe must not be leaning over | bizjampaymay bolurbuzwe must not be leaning over | sizjampaymay bolursuzyou all must not be leaning over | alajampaymay bolurlathey must not be leaning over |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menjampaya tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of leaning over | senjampaya tura bolursayou must be in the middle of leaning over | oljampaya tura bolurhe must be in the middle of leaning over | bizjampaya tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of leaning over | sizjampaya tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of leaning over | alajampaya tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of leaning over |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menjampaymay tura bolurmaI must keep on not leaning over | senjampaymay tura bolursayou must keep on not leaning over | oljampaymay tura bolurhe must keep on not leaning over | bizjampaymay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not leaning over | sizjampaymay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not leaning over | alajampaymay tura bolurlathey must keep on not leaning over |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menjampayğan bolurmaI must have leaned over | senjampayğan bolursayou must have leaned over | oljampayğan bolurhe must have leaned over | bizjampayğan bolurbuzwe must have leaned over | sizjampayğan bolursuzyou all must have leaned over | alajampayğan bolurlathey must have leaned over |
| Inference (must have) | menjampaymağan bolurmaI must not have leaned over | senjampaymağan bolursayou must not have leaned over | oljampaymağan bolurhe must not have leaned over | bizjampaymağan bolurbuzwe must not have leaned over | sizjampaymağan bolursuzyou all must not have leaned over | alajampaymağan bolurlathey must not have leaned over |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menjampayırıq bolurmaI must be going to lean over | senjampayırıq bolursayou must be going to lean over | oljampayırıq bolurhe must be going to lean over | bizjampayırıq bolurbuzwe must be going to lean over | sizjampayırıq bolursuzyou all must be going to lean over | alajampayırıq bolurlathey must be going to lean over |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menjampaymazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to lean over | senjampaymazlıq bolursayou must not be going to lean over | oljampaymazlıq bolurhe must not be going to lean over | bizjampaymazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to lean over | sizjampaymazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to lean over | alajampaymazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to lean over |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menjampayayımlet me lean over | senjampay!lean over! | oljampaysınlet him lean over | bizjampayayıqlet's lean over | sizjampayığız!lean over, you all! | alajampaysınlalet them lean over |
| Commands & suggestions | menjampaymayımlet me not lean over | senjampayma!don't lean over! | oljampaymasınlet him not lean over | bizjampaymayıqlet's not lean over | sizjampaymağız!don't lean over, you all! | alajampaymasınlalet them not lean over |
| Commands & suggestions | menjampayayımmı?shall I lean over? | oljampaysınmı?should he lean over? | bizjampayayıqmı?shall we lean over? | alajampaysınlamı?should they lean over? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menjampaymayımmı?shall I not lean over? | oljampaymasınmı?should he not lean over? | bizjampaymayıqmı?shall we not lean over? | alajampaymasınlamı?should they not lean over? | ||
| Requests | senjampayçı2jampayçınplease lean over | oljampaysınçıdo let him lean over | sizjampayçığızplease lean over (plural/polite) | alajampaysınlaçıdo let them lean over | ||
| Requests | senjampaymaçı2jampaymaçınplease don't lean over | oljampaymasınçıdo let him not lean over | sizjampaymaçığızplease don't lean over (plural/polite) | alajampaymasınlaçıdo let them not lean over | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senjampayğınjampayğımay you lean over | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senjampaymağınjampaymağımay you not lean over | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menjampayğay edim jampayğa edimwould that I leaned over | senjampayğay ediŋ jampayğa ediŋwould that you leaned over | oljampayğay edi jampayğa ediwould that he leaned over | bizjampayğay edik jampayğa edikwould that we leaned over | sizjampayğay edigiz jampayğa edigizwould that you all leaned over | alajampayğay edile jampayğa edilewould that they leaned over |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menjampaymağay edim jampaymağa edimwould that I did not lean over | senjampaymağay ediŋ jampaymağa ediŋwould that you did not lean over | oljampaymağay edi jampaymağa ediwould that he did not lean over | bizjampaymağay edik jampaymağa edikwould that we did not lean over | sizjampaymağay edigiz jampaymağa edigizwould that you all did not lean over | alajampaymağay edile jampaymağa edilewould that they did not lean over |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menjampaymağa qoyayımjampayma qoyayımlet me allow someone to lean over | senjampaymağa qoy!jampayma qoy!let someone lean over! | oljampaymağa qoysunjampayma qoysunlet him allow someone to lean over | bizjampaymağa qoyayıqjampayma qoyayıqlet's allow someone to lean over | sizjampaymağa qoyuğuz!jampayma qoyuğuz!let someone lean over, you all! | alajampaymağa qoysunlajampayma qoysunlalet them allow someone to lean over |
| Let someone… (commands) | menjampaymağa qoymayımjampayma qoymayımlet me not allow someone to lean over | senjampaymağa qoyma!jampayma qoyma!don't let someone lean over! | oljampaymağa qoymasınjampayma qoymasınlet him not allow someone to lean over | bizjampaymağa qoymayıqjampayma qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to lean over | sizjampaymağa qoymağız!jampayma qoymağız!don't let someone lean over, you all! | alajampaymağa qoymasınlajampayma qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to lean over |
| Let someone… (commands) | menjampaymağa qoyayımmı?jampayma qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to lean over? | oljampaymağa qoysunmu?jampayma qoysunmu?should he allow someone to lean over? | bizjampaymağa qoyayıqmı?jampayma qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to lean over? | alajampaymağa qoysunlamı?jampayma qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to lean over? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menjampaymağa qoymayımmı?jampayma qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to lean over? | oljampaymağa qoymasınmı?jampayma qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to lean over? | bizjampaymağa qoymayıqmı?jampayma qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to lean over? | alajampaymağa qoymasınlamı?jampayma qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to lean over? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menjampaymağa qoyamajampayma qoyamaI allow someone to lean over | senjampaymağa qoyasajampayma qoyasayou allow someone to lean over | oljampaymağa qoyadıjampayma qoyadıhe allows someone to lean over | bizjampaymağa qoyabızjampayma qoyabızwe allow someone to lean over | sizjampaymağa qoyasızjampayma qoyasızyou all allow someone to lean over | alajampaymağa qoyadılajampayma qoyadılathey allow someone to lean over |
| Let someone… (present) | menjampaymağa qoymaymajampayma qoymaymaI don't allow someone to lean over | senjampaymağa qoymaysajampayma qoymaysayou don't allow someone to lean over | oljampaymağa qoymaydıjampayma qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to lean over | bizjampaymağa qoymaybızjampayma qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to lean over | sizjampaymağa qoymaysızjampayma qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to lean over | alajampaymağa qoymaydılajampayma qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to lean over |
| Let someone… (present) | menjampaymağa qoyamamı?jampayma qoyamamı?do I allow someone to lean over? | senjampaymağa qoyamısa?jampayma qoyamısa?do you allow someone to lean over? | oljampaymağa qoyamıdı?jampayma qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to lean over? | bizjampaymağa qoyabızmı?jampayma qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to lean over? | sizjampaymağa qoyamısız?jampayma qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to lean over? | alajampaymağa qoyamıdıla?jampayma qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to lean over? |
| Let someone… (present) | menjampaymağa qoymaymamı?jampayma qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to lean over? | senjampaymağa qoymaymısa?jampayma qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to lean over? | oljampaymağa qoymaymıdı?jampayma qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to lean over? | bizjampaymağa qoymaybızmı?jampayma qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to lean over? | sizjampaymağa qoymaymısız?jampayma qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to lean over? | alajampaymağa qoymaymıdıla?jampayma qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to lean over? |
| Let someone… (past) | menjampaymağa qoydumjampayma qoydumI allowed someone to lean over | senjampaymağa qoyduŋjampayma qoyduŋyou allowed someone to lean over | oljampaymağa qoydujampayma qoyduhe allowed someone to lean over | bizjampaymağa qoyduqjampayma qoyduqwe allowed someone to lean over | sizjampaymağa qoyduğuzjampayma qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to lean over | alajampaymağa qoydulajampayma qoydulathey allowed someone to lean over |
| Let someone… (past) | menjampaymağa qoymadımjampayma qoymadımI didn't allow someone to lean over | senjampaymağa qoymadıŋjampayma qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to lean over | oljampaymağa qoymadıjampayma qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to lean over | bizjampaymağa qoymadıqjampayma qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to lean over | sizjampaymağa qoymadığızjampayma qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to lean over | alajampaymağa qoymadılajampayma qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to lean over |
| Let someone… (past) | menjampaymağa qoydummu?jampayma qoydummu?did I allow someone to lean over? | senjampaymağa qoyduŋmu?jampayma qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to lean over? | oljampaymağa qoydumu?jampayma qoydumu?did he allow someone to lean over? | bizjampaymağa qoyduqmu?jampayma qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to lean over? | sizjampaymağa qoyduğuzmu?jampayma qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to lean over? | alajampaymağa qoydulamı?jampayma qoydulamı?did they allow someone to lean over? |
| Let someone… (past) | menjampaymağa qoymadımmı?jampayma qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to lean over? | senjampaymağa qoymadıŋmı?jampayma qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to lean over? | oljampaymağa qoymadımı?jampayma qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to lean over? | bizjampaymağa qoymadıqmı?jampayma qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to lean over? | sizjampaymağa qoymadığızmı?jampayma qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to lean over? | alajampaymağa qoymadılamı?jampayma qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to lean over? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
jampayalırğa be able to lean over · jampayalmazğa be unable to lean over
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menjampayalamaI can lean over | senjampayalasayou can lean over | oljampayaladıhe can lean over | bizjampayalabızwe can lean over | sizjampayalasızyou all can lean over | alajampayaladılathey can lean over |
| Ability — present | menjampayalmaymaI can't lean over | senjampayalmaysayou can't lean over | oljampayalmaydıhe can't lean over | bizjampayalmaybızwe can't lean over | sizjampayalmaysızyou all can't lean over | alajampayalmaydılathey can't lean over |
| Ability — present | menjampayalamamı? jampayalamıma?can I lean over? | senjampayalamısa?can you lean over? | oljampayalamıdı?can he lean over? | bizjampayalabızmı? jampayalamıbız?can we lean over? | sizjampayalamısız?can you all lean over? | alajampayalamıdıla?can they lean over? |
| Ability — present | menjampayalmaymamı? jampayalmaymıma?can't I lean over? | senjampayalmaymısa?can't you lean over? | oljampayalmaymıdı?can't he lean over? | bizjampayalmaybızmı? jampayalmaymıbız?can't we lean over? | sizjampayalmaymısız?can't you all lean over? | alajampayalmaymıdıla?can't they lean over? |
| Ability — if I can… | menjampayalsamif I can lean over | senjampayalsaŋif you can lean over | oljampayalsaif he can lean over | bizjampayalsaqif we can lean over | sizjampayalsağızif you all can lean over | alajampayalsalaif they can lean over |
| Ability — if I can… | menjampayalmasamif I can't lean over | senjampayalmasaŋif you can't lean over | oljampayalmasaif he can't lean over | bizjampayalmasaqif we can't lean over | sizjampayalmasağızif you all can't lean over | alajampayalmasalaif they can't lean over |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menjampayaldımI was able to lean over | senjampayaldıŋyou were able to lean over | oljampayaldıhe was able to lean over | bizjampayaldıqwe were able to lean over | sizjampayaldığızyou all were able to lean over | alajampayaldılathey were able to lean over |
| Ability — simple past | menjampayalmadımI could not lean over | senjampayalmadıŋyou could not lean over | oljampayalmadıhe could not lean over | bizjampayalmadıqwe could not lean over | sizjampayalmadığızyou all could not lean over | alajampayalmadılathey could not lean over |
| Ability — simple past | menjampayaldımmı?was I able to lean over? | senjampayaldıŋmı?were you able to lean over? | oljampayaldımı?was he able to lean over? | bizjampayaldıqmı?were we able to lean over? | sizjampayaldığızmı?were you all able to lean over? | alajampayaldılamı?were they able to lean over? |
| Ability — simple past | menjampayalmadımmı?couldn't I lean over? | senjampayalmadıŋmı?couldn't you lean over? | oljampayalmadımı?couldn't he lean over? | bizjampayalmadıqmı?couldn't we lean over? | sizjampayalmadığızmı?couldn't you all lean over? | alajampayalmadılamı?couldn't they lean over? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjampayalğanmaI have been able to lean over | senjampayalğansayou have been able to lean over | oljampayalğandıhe has been able to lean over | bizjampayalğanbızwe have been able to lean over | sizjampayalğansızyou all have been able to lean over | alajampayalğandılathey have been able to lean over |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjampayalmağanmaI haven't been able to lean over | senjampayalmağansayou haven't been able to lean over | oljampayalmağandıhe hasn't been able to lean over | bizjampayalmağanbızwe haven't been able to lean over | sizjampayalmağansızyou all haven't been able to lean over | alajampayalmağandılathey haven't been able to lean over |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjampayalğanmamı? jampayalğanmıma?have I been able to lean over? | senjampayalğanmısa?have you been able to lean over? | oljampayalğanmıdı?has he been able to lean over? | bizjampayalğanbızmı? jampayalğanmıbız?have we been able to lean over? | sizjampayalğanmısız?have you all been able to lean over? | alajampayalğanmıdıla?have they been able to lean over? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menjampayalmağanmamı? jampayalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to lean over? | senjampayalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to lean over? | oljampayalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to lean over? | bizjampayalmağanbızmı? jampayalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to lean over? | sizjampayalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to lean over? | alajampayalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to lean over? |
| Ability — past perfect | menjampayalğan edimjampayalğanemI had been able to lean over | senjampayalğan ediŋjampayalğaneŋyou had been able to lean over | oljampayalğan edijampayalğanedhe had been able to lean over | bizjampayalğan edikjampayalğanekwe had been able to lean over | sizjampayalğan edigizjampayalğanegizyou all had been able to lean over | alajampayalğan edilejampayalğanellethey had been able to lean over |
| Ability — past perfect | menjampayalmağan edimjampayalmağanemI hadn't been able to lean over | senjampayalmağan ediŋjampayalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to lean over | oljampayalmağan edijampayalmağanedhe hadn't been able to lean over | bizjampayalmağan edikjampayalmağanekwe hadn't been able to lean over | sizjampayalmağan edigizjampayalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to lean over | alajampayalmağan edilejampayalmağanellethey hadn't been able to lean over |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menjampayala edimjampayalaemI could lean over | senjampayala ediŋjampayalaeŋyou could lean over | oljampayala edijampayalaedhe could lean over | bizjampayala edikjampayalaekwe could lean over | sizjampayala edigizjampayalaegizyou all could lean over | alajampayala edilejampayalaellethey could lean over |
| Ability — past background | menjampayalmay edimjampayalmayemI could not lean over | senjampayalmay ediŋjampayalmayeŋyou could not lean over | oljampayalmay edijampayalmayedhe could not lean over | bizjampayalmay edikjampayalmayekwe could not lean over | sizjampayalmay edigizjampayalmayegizyou all could not lean over | alajampayalmay edilejampayalmayellethey could not lean over |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menjampayalırmaI will be able to lean over | senjampayalırsayou will be able to lean over | oljampayalırhe will be able to lean over | bizjampayalırbızwe will be able to lean over | sizjampayalırsızyou all will be able to lean over | alajampayalırlathey will be able to lean over |
| Ability — future I | menjampayalmazmaI won't be able to lean over | senjampayalmazsayou won't be able to lean over | oljampayalmazhe won't be able to lean over | bizjampayalmazbızwe won't be able to lean over | sizjampayalmazsızyou all won't be able to lean over | alajampayalmazlathey won't be able to lean over |
| Ability — future I | menjampayalırmamı? jampayalırmıma?will I be able to lean over? | senjampayalırmısa?will you be able to lean over? | oljampayalırmı?will he be able to lean over? | bizjampayalırbızmı? jampayalırmıbız?will we be able to lean over? | sizjampayalırmısız?will you all be able to lean over? | alajampayalırlamı? jampayalırmıla?will they be able to lean over? |
| Ability — future I | menjampayalmazmamı? jampayalmazmıma?won't I be able to lean over? | senjampayalmazmısa?won't you be able to lean over? | oljampayalmazmı?won't he be able to lean over? | bizjampayalmazbızmı? jampayalmazmıbız?won't we be able to lean over? | sizjampayalmazmısız?won't you all be able to lean over? | alajampayalmazlamı? jampayalmazmıla?won't they be able to lean over? |
| Ability — future II | menjampayallıqmaI am going to be able to lean over | senjampayallıqsayou are going to be able to lean over | oljampayallıqdıhe is going to be able to lean over | bizjampayallıqbızwe are going to be able to lean over | sizjampayallıqsızyou all are going to be able to lean over | alajampayallıqdılathey are going to be able to lean over |
| Ability — future II | menjampayallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to lean over | senjampayallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to lean over | oljampayallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to lean over | bizjampayallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to lean over | sizjampayallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to lean over | alajampayallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to lean over |
| Ability — future II | menjampayallıqmamı? jampayallıqmıma?am I going to be able to lean over? | senjampayallıqmısa?are you going to be able to lean over? | oljampayallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to lean over? | bizjampayallıqbızmı? jampayallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to lean over? | sizjampayallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to lean over? | alajampayallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to lean over? |
| Ability — future II | menjampayallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to lean over? | senjampayallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to lean over? | oljampayallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to lean over? | bizjampayallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to lean over? | sizjampayallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to lean over? | alajampayallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to lean over? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menjampayalır edimjampayalır emI would be able to lean over | senjampayalır ediŋjampayalır eŋyou would be able to lean over | oljampayalır edijampayalır edhe would be able to lean over | bizjampayalır edikjampayalır ekwe would be able to lean over | sizjampayalır edigizjampayalır egizyou all would be able to lean over | alajampayalır edilejampayalır ellethey would be able to lean over |
| Ability — would be able to… | menjampayalmaz edimjampayalmaz emI wouldn't be able to lean over | senjampayalmaz ediŋjampayalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to lean over | oljampayalmaz edijampayalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to lean over | bizjampayalmaz edikjampayalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to lean over | sizjampayalmaz edigizjampayalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to lean over | alajampayalmaz edilejampayalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to lean over |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senjampayalğınjampayalğımay you be able to lean over | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senjampayalmağınjampayalmağımay you not be able to lean over | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menjampayırğa izleymeI want to lean over | senjampayırğa izleyseyou want to lean over | oljampayırğa izleydihe wants to lean over | bizjampayırğa izleybizwe want to lean over | sizjampayırğa izleysizyou all want to lean over | alajampayırğa izleydilethey want to lean over |
| want to | menjampayırğa izlemeymeI do not want to lean over | senjampayırğa izlemeyseyou do not want to lean over | oljampayırğa izlemeydihe does not want to lean over | bizjampayırğa izlemeybizwe do not want to lean over | sizjampayırğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to lean over | alajampayırğa izlemeydilethey do not want to lean over |
| would like to | menjampayırğa süemeI would like to lean over | senjampayırğa süeseyou would like to lean over | oljampayırğa süedihe would like to lean over | bizjampayırğa süebizwe would like to lean over | sizjampayırğa süesizyou all would like to lean over | alajampayırğa süedilethey would like to lean over |
| would like to | menjampayırğa süymeymeI would not like to lean over | senjampayırğa süymeyseyou would not like to lean over | oljampayırğa süymeydihe would not like to lean over | bizjampayırğa süymeybizwe would not like to lean over | sizjampayırğa süymeysizyou all would not like to lean over | alajampayırğa süymeydilethey would not like to lean over |
| hope to | menjampayırğa umutlanamaI hope to lean over | senjampayırğa umutlanasayou hope to lean over | oljampayırğa umutlanadıhe hopes to lean over | bizjampayırğa umutlanabızwe hope to lean over | sizjampayırğa umutlanasızyou all hope to lean over | alajampayırğa umutlanadılathey hope to lean over |
| hope to | menjampayırğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to lean over | senjampayırğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to lean over | oljampayırğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to lean over | bizjampayırğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to lean over | sizjampayırğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to lean over | alajampayırğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to lean over |
| be about to | menjampayırğa deb turamaI am about to lean over | senjampayırğa deb turasayou are about to lean over | oljampayırğa deb turadıhe is about to lean over | bizjampayırğa deb turabızwe are about to lean over | sizjampayırğa deb turasızyou all are about to lean over | alajampayırğa deb turadılathey are about to lean over |
| be about to | menjampayırğa deb turmaymaI am not about to lean over | senjampayırğa deb turmaysayou are not about to lean over | oljampayırğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to lean over | bizjampayırğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to lean over | sizjampayırğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to lean over | alajampayırğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to lean over |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menjampayırğa kerekmeI need to lean over | senjampayırğa kerekseyou need to lean over | oljampayırğa kerekdihe needs to lean over | bizjampayırğa kerekbizwe need to lean over | sizjampayırğa kereksizyou all need to lean over | alajampayırğa kerekdilethey need to lean over |
| need to | menjampayırğa kerek tülmeI do not need to lean over | senjampayırğa kerek tülseyou do not need to lean over | oljampayırğa kerek tüldühe does not need to lean over | bizjampayırğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to lean over | sizjampayırğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to lean over | alajampayırğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to lean over |
| have to | menmenŋe jampayırğa tüşediI have to lean over | sensenŋe jampayırğa tüşediyou have to lean over | olaŋa jampayırğa tüşedihe has to lean over | bizbizge jampayırğa tüşediwe have to lean over | sizsizge jampayırğa tüşediyou all have to lean over | alaalağa jampayırğa tüşedithey have to lean over |
| have to | menmenŋe jampayırğa tüşmeydiI do not have to lean over | sensenŋe jampayırğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to lean over | olaŋa jampayırğa tüşmeydihe does not have to lean over | bizbizge jampayırğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to lean over | sizsizge jampayırğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to lean over | alaalağa jampayırğa tüşmeydithey do not have to lean over |
| be obliged to | menjampayırğa borçlumaI am obliged to lean over | senjampayırğa borçlusayou are obliged to lean over | oljampayırğa borçluduhe is obliged to lean over | bizjampayırğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to lean over | sizjampayırğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to lean over | alajampayırğa borçludulathey are obliged to lean over |
| be obliged to | menjampayırğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to lean over | senjampayırğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to lean over | oljampayırğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to lean over | bizjampayırğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to lean over | sizjampayırğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to lean over | alajampayırğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to lean over |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menjampayırğa madarım bardıI have a way to lean over | senjampayırğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to lean over | oljampayırğa madarı bardıhe has a way to lean over | bizjampayırğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to lean over | sizjampayırğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to lean over | alajampayırğa madarları bardıthey have a way to lean over |
| have a way to | menjampayırğa madarım joqduI have no way to lean over | senjampayırğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to lean over | oljampayırğa madarı joqduhe has no way to lean over | bizjampayırğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to lean over | sizjampayırğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to lean over | alajampayırğa madarları joqduthey have no way to lean over |
| be free to | menjampayırğa erkinligim bardıI am free to lean over | senjampayırğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to lean over | oljampayırğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to lean over | bizjampayırğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to lean over | sizjampayırğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to lean over | alajampayırğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to lean over |
| be free to | menjampayırğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to lean over | senjampayırğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to lean over | oljampayırğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to lean over | bizjampayırğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to lean over | sizjampayırğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to lean over | alajampayırğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to lean over |
| be possible to | menmenŋe jampayırğa bolluqduit is possible for me to lean over | sensenŋe jampayırğa bolluqduit is possible for you to lean over | olaŋa jampayırğa bolluqduit is possible for him to lean over | bizbizge jampayırğa bolluqduit is possible for us to lean over | sizsizge jampayırğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to lean over | alaalağa jampayırğa bolluqduit is possible for them to lean over |
| be possible to | menmenŋe jampayırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to lean over | sensenŋe jampayırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to lean over | olaŋa jampayırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to lean over | bizbizge jampayırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to lean over | sizsizge jampayırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to lean over | alaalağa jampayırğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to lean over |
| be ready to | menjampayırğa hazırmaI am ready to lean over | senjampayırğa hazırsayou are ready to lean over | oljampayırğa hazırdıhe is ready to lean over | bizjampayırğa hazırbızwe are ready to lean over | sizjampayırğa hazırsızyou all are ready to lean over | alajampayırğa hazırdılathey are ready to lean over |
| be ready to | menjampayırğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to lean over | senjampayırğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to lean over | oljampayırğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to lean over | bizjampayırğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to lean over | sizjampayırğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to lean over | alajampayırğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to lean over |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menjampayırğa küreşemeI am trying to lean over | senjampayırğa küreşeseyou are trying to lean over | oljampayırğa küreşedihe is trying to lean over | bizjampayırğa küreşebizwe are trying to lean over | sizjampayırğa küreşesizyou all are trying to lean over | alajampayırğa küreşedilethey are trying to lean over |
| try to | menjampayırğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to lean over | senjampayırğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to lean over | oljampayırğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to lean over | bizjampayırğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to lean over | sizjampayırğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to lean over | alajampayırğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to lean over |
| agree to | menjampayırğa unaymaI agree to lean over | senjampayırğa unaysayou agree to lean over | oljampayırğa unaydıhe agrees to lean over | bizjampayırğa unaybızwe agree to lean over | sizjampayırğa unaysızyou all agree to lean over | alajampayırğa unaydılathey agree to lean over |
| agree to | menjampayırğa unamaymaI refuse to lean over | senjampayırğa unamaysayou refuse to lean over | oljampayırğa unamaydıhe refuses to lean over | bizjampayırğa unamaybızwe refuse to lean over | sizjampayırğa unamaysızyou all refuse to lean over | alajampayırğa unamaydılathey refuse to lean over |
| hurry to | menjampayırğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to lean over | senjampayırğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to lean over | oljampayırğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to lean over | bizjampayırğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to lean over | sizjampayırğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to lean over | alajampayırğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to lean over |
| hurry to | menjampayırğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to lean over | senjampayırğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to lean over | oljampayırğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to lean over | bizjampayırğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to lean over | sizjampayırğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to lean over | alajampayırğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to lean over |
| be afraid to | menjampayırğa qorqamaI am afraid to lean over | senjampayırğa qorqasayou are afraid to lean over | oljampayırğa qorqadıhe is afraid to lean over | bizjampayırğa qorqabızwe are afraid to lean over | sizjampayırğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to lean over | alajampayırğa qorqadılathey are afraid to lean over |
| be afraid to | menjampayırğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to lean over | senjampayırğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to lean over | oljampayırğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to lean over | bizjampayırğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to lean over | sizjampayırğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to lean over | alajampayırğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to lean over |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menjampaya bolmazmaI can't be leaning over | senjampaya bolmazsayou can't be leaning over | oljampaya bolmazhe can't be leaning over | bizjampaya bolmazbızwe can't be leaning over | sizjampaya bolmazsızyou all can't be leaning over | alajampaya bolmazlathey can't be leaning over |
| Inference, present — double negation | menjampaymay bolmazmaI must be leaning over (emphatic) | senjampaymay bolmazsayou must be leaning over (emphatic) | oljampaymay bolmazhe must be leaning over (emphatic) | bizjampaymay bolmazbızwe must be leaning over (emphatic) | sizjampaymay bolmazsızyou all must be leaning over (emphatic) | alajampaymay bolmazlathey must be leaning over (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menjampaya turmasamif I don't keep leaning over | senjampaya turmasaŋif you don't keep leaning over | oljampaya turmasaif he doesn't keep leaning over | bizjampaya turmasaqif we don't keep leaning over | sizjampaya turmasağızif you all don't keep leaning over | alajampaya turmasalaif they don't keep leaning over |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menjampaya tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of leaning over | senjampaya tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of leaning over | oljampaya tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of leaning over | bizjampaya tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of leaning over | sizjampaya tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of leaning over | alajampaya tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of leaning over |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menjampaymay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not leaning over (emphatic) | senjampaymay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not leaning over (emphatic) | oljampaymay tura bolmazhe must keep on not leaning over (emphatic) | bizjampaymay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not leaning over (emphatic) | sizjampaymay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not leaning over (emphatic) | alajampaymay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not leaning over (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menjampaymay turamaI keep on not leaning over | senjampaymay turasayou keep on not leaning over | oljampaymay turadıhe keeps on not leaning over | bizjampaymay turabızwe keep on not leaning over | sizjampaymay turasızyou all keep on not leaning over | alajampaymay turadılathey keep on not leaning over |
| Progressive — double negation | menjampaymay turmaymaI am not keeping on not leaning over | senjampaymay turmaysayou are not keeping on not leaning over | oljampaymay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not leaning over | bizjampaymay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not leaning over | sizjampaymay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not leaning over | alajampaymay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not leaning over |
| Progressive — double negation | menjampaymay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not leaning over? | senjampaymay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not leaning over? | oljampaymay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not leaning over? | bizjampaymay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not leaning over? | sizjampaymay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not leaning over? | alajampaymay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not leaning over? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menjampayğan bolmazmaI can't have leaned over | senjampayğan bolmazsayou can't have leaned over | oljampayğan bolmazhe can't have leaned over | bizjampayğan bolmazbızwe can't have leaned over | sizjampayğan bolmazsızyou all can't have leaned over | alajampayğan bolmazlathey can't have leaned over |
| Inference — double negation | menjampaymağan bolmazmaI must have leaned over (emphatic) | senjampaymağan bolmazsayou must have leaned over (emphatic) | oljampaymağan bolmazhe must have leaned over (emphatic) | bizjampaymağan bolmazbızwe must have leaned over (emphatic) | sizjampaymağan bolmazsızyou all must have leaned over (emphatic) | alajampaymağan bolmazlathey must have leaned over (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menjampayğan bolmasamif it weren't that I had leaned over | senjampayğan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had leaned over | oljampayğan bolmasaif it weren't that he had leaned over | bizjampayğan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had leaned over | sizjampayğan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had leaned over | alajampayğan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had leaned over |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menjampaymağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't leaned over | senjampaymağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't leaned over | oljampaymağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't leaned over | bizjampaymağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't leaned over | sizjampaymağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't leaned over | alajampaymağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't leaned over |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menjampayırıq bolmazmaI can't be going to lean over | senjampayırıq bolmazsayou can't be going to lean over | oljampayırıq bolmazhe can't be going to lean over | bizjampayırıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to lean over | sizjampayırıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to lean over | alajampayırıq bolmazlathey can't be going to lean over |
| Inference, future — double negation | menjampaymazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to lean over (emphatic) | senjampaymazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to lean over (emphatic) | oljampaymazlıq bolmazhe must be going to lean over (emphatic) | bizjampaymazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to lean over (emphatic) | sizjampaymazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to lean over (emphatic) | alajampaymazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to lean over (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menjampayırıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to lean over | senjampayırıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to lean over | oljampayırıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to lean over | bizjampayırıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to lean over | sizjampayırıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to lean over | alajampayırıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to lean over |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menjampaymazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to lean over | senjampaymazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to lean over | oljampaymazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to lean over | bizjampaymazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to lean over | sizjampaymazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to lean over | alajampaymazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to lean over |