ıran
/ɯran/
Definition
a ledge on the face of a cliff
- qayanı ıranı — the ledge of the cliff
- tar ıran — a narrow ledge
- juğutur ıranda otlay edi — the mountain goat was grazing on the ledge
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or .Cases
| Singular | Plural | When to use it | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | ıranthe ledge | ıranlathe ledges | the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence |
| genitive | ırannıthe ledge's | ıranlanıthe ledges' | the owner — whose it is |
| accusative | ırannıthe ledge (as the object) | ıranlanıthe ledges (as the object) | a specific, known object — whom or what |
| dative | ırangato the ledge | ıranlağato the ledges | direction or recipient — to where, to whom |
| locative | ırandaat / in the ledge | ıranladaat / in the ledges | where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it" |
| ablative | ırandanfrom the ledge | ıranladanfrom the ledges | where it comes from; also "than" when comparing |
When to use each case
- nominative
- the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence
- genitive
- the owner — whose it is
- accusative
- a specific, known object — whom or what
- dative
- direction or recipient — to where, to whom
- locative
- where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it"
- ablative
- where it comes from; also "than" when comparing
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.
With an owner
| One owned | Several owned | |
|---|---|---|
| my | ıranımmy ledge | ıranlarımmy ledges |
| your | ıranıngyour ledge | ıranlarıngyour ledges |
| his / her | ıranıhis / her ledge | ıranlarıhis / her ledges |
| our | ıranıbızour ledge | ıranlarıbızour ledges |
| you all's | ıranığızyou all's ledge | ıranlarığızyou all's ledges |
| their | ıranlarıtheir ledge | ıranlarıtheir ledges |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: ıranları can mean "his / her ledges", "their ledge", or "their ledges" — context decides.