hıyanat
/xɯjanat/
Definitions
1. harm, damage, injury done to someone
- hıyanat salırğa — to do harm, to inflict damage
- hıyanatı bolmağan adam — a person who does no harm
- sawluğuna hıyanat jetdi — harm came to his health
2. treachery, betrayal of a trust
- amanatha etme hıyanat — do not betray what is entrusted to you
- tengine hıyanat etgen — one who has betrayed his friend
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or .Cases
| Singular | Plural | When to use it | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | hıyanatthe harm | hıyanatlathe harms | the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence |
| genitive | hıyanatnıthe harm's | hıyanatlanıthe harms' | the owner — whose it is |
| accusative | hıyanatnıthe harm (as the object) | hıyanatlanıthe harms (as the object) | a specific, known object — whom or what |
| dative | hıyanathato the harm | hıyanatlağato the harms | direction or recipient — to where, to whom |
| locative | hıyanatdaat / in the harm | hıyanatladaat / in the harms | where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it" |
| ablative | hıyanatdanfrom the harm | hıyanatladanfrom the harms | where it comes from; also "than" when comparing |
When to use each case
- nominative
- the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence
- genitive
- the owner — whose it is
- accusative
- a specific, known object — whom or what
- dative
- direction or recipient — to where, to whom
- locative
- where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it"
- ablative
- where it comes from; also "than" when comparing
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.
With an owner
| One owned | Several owned | |
|---|---|---|
| my | hıyanatımmy harm | hıyanatlarımmy harms |
| your | hıyanatıngyour harm | hıyanatlarıngyour harms |
| his / her | hıyanatıhis / her harm | hıyanatlarıhis / her harms |
| our | hıyanatıbızour harm | hıyanatlarıbızour harms |
| you all's | hıyanatığızyou all's harm | hıyanatlarığızyou all's harms |
| their | hıyanatlarıtheir harm | hıyanatlarıtheir harms |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: hıyanatları can mean "his / her harms", "their harm", or "their harms" — context decides.