harf
/xarf/
Definition
letter, a character of an alphabet
- ullu harfla bla — in capital letters
- altın harfla — letters of gold
- harflanı jazarğa — to write the letters
Found in
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or .Cases
| Singular | Plural | When to use it | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | harfthe letter | harflathe letters | the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence |
| genitive | harfnıthe letter's | harflanıthe letters' | the owner — whose it is |
| accusative | harfnıthe letter (as the object) | harflanıthe letters (as the object) | a specific, known object — whom or what |
| dative | harfhato the letter | harflağato the letters | direction or recipient — to where, to whom |
| locative | harfdaat / in the letter | harfladaat / in the letters | where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it" |
| ablative | harfdanfrom the letter | harfladanfrom the letters | where it comes from; also "than" when comparing |
When to use each case
- nominative
- the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence
- genitive
- the owner — whose it is
- accusative
- a specific, known object — whom or what
- dative
- direction or recipient — to where, to whom
- locative
- where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it"
- ablative
- where it comes from; also "than" when comparing
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.
With an owner
| One owned | Several owned | |
|---|---|---|
| my | harfımmy letter | harflarımmy letters |
| your | harfıngyour letter | harflarıngyour letters |
| his / her | harfıhis / her letter | harflarıhis / her letters |
| our | harfıbızour letter | harflarıbızour letters |
| you all's | harfığızyou all's letter | harflarığızyou all's letters |
| their | harflarıtheir letter | harflarıtheir letters |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: harfları can mean "his / her letters", "their letter", or "their letters" — context decides.