duhlarğa
/duxlarʁa/
perfume, put scent on one source
Conjugation
Common forms
- duhlaydıhe is perfuming
- duhladıhe perfumed
- duhlağandıhe has perfumed
- duhlarhe will perfume
- duhlarıqdıhe is going to perfume
- duhlay edihe was perfuming
- duhlasaif he perfumes
- duhla!perfume!
Simple tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (simple & continuous) | menduhlaymaI am perfuming | senduhlaysayou are perfuming | olduhlaydıhe is perfuming | bizduhlaybızwe are perfuming | sizduhlaysızyou all are perfuming | aladuhlaydılathey are perfuming |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menduhlamaymaI am not perfuming | senduhlamaysayou are not perfuming | olduhlamaydıhe is not perfuming | bizduhlamaybızwe are not perfuming | sizduhlamaysızyou all are not perfuming | aladuhlamaydılathey are not perfuming |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menduhlaymamı? duhlaymıma?am I perfuming? | senduhlaymısa?are you perfuming? | olduhlaymıdı?is he perfuming? | bizduhlaybızmı? duhlaymıbız?are we perfuming? | sizduhlaymısız?are you all perfuming? | aladuhlaymıdıla?are they perfuming? |
| Present (simple & continuous) | menduhlamaymamı? duhlamaymıma?aren't I perfuming? | senduhlamaymısa?aren't you perfuming? | olduhlamaymıdı?isn't he perfuming? | bizduhlamaybızmı? duhlamaymıbız?aren't we perfuming? | sizduhlamaymısız?aren't you all perfuming? | aladuhlamaymıdıla?aren't they perfuming? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menduhlawçanmaI usually perfume | senduhlawçansayou usually perfume | olduhlawçandıhe usually perfumes | bizduhlawçanbızwe usually perfume | sizduhlawçansızyou all usually perfume | aladuhlawçandılathey usually perfume |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menduhlamawçanmaI usually don't perfume | senduhlamawçansayou usually don't perfume | olduhlamawçandıhe usually doesn't perfume | bizduhlamawçanbızwe usually don't perfume | sizduhlamawçansızyou all usually don't perfume | aladuhlamawçandılathey usually don't perfume |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menduhlawçanmamı? duhlawçanmıma?do I usually perfume? | senduhlawçanmısa?do you usually perfume? | olduhlawçanmıdı?does he usually perfume? | bizduhlawçanbızmı? duhlawçanmıbız?do we usually perfume? | sizduhlawçanmısız?do you all usually perfume? | aladuhlawçanmıdıla?do they usually perfume? |
| Habitual (usually, tends to) | menduhlamawçanmamı? duhlamawçanmıma?do I usually not perfume? | senduhlamawçanmısa?do you usually not perfume? | olduhlamawçanmıdı?does he usually not perfume? | bizduhlamawçanbızmı? duhlamawçanmıbız?do we usually not perfume? | sizduhlamawçanmısız?do you all usually not perfume? | aladuhlamawçanmıdıla?do they usually not perfume? |
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olduhlabdıhe has perfumed and remains so | aladuhlabdılathey have perfumed and remain so | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | olduhlabmıdı?has he perfumed? | aladuhlabmıdıla?have they perfumed? | ||||
| Resultative (has become and stays) | ||||||
| Durative (keeps doing) | menduhlab turamaI keep perfuming | senduhlab turasayou keep perfuming | olduhlab turadıhe keeps perfuming | bizduhlab turabızwe keep perfuming | sizduhlab turasızyou all keep perfuming | aladuhlab turadılathey keep perfuming |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menduhlab turmaymaI don't keep perfuming | senduhlab turmaysayou don't keep perfuming | olduhlab turmaydıhe doesn't keep perfuming | bizduhlab turmaybızwe don't keep perfuming | sizduhlab turmaysızyou all don't keep perfuming | aladuhlab turmaydılathey don't keep perfuming |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menduhlab turamamı? duhlab turamıma?do I keep perfuming? | senduhlab turamısa?do you keep perfuming? | olduhlab turamıdı?does he keep perfuming? | bizduhlab turabızmı? duhlab turamıbız?do we keep perfuming? | sizduhlab turamısız?do you all keep perfuming? | aladuhlab turamıdıla?do they keep perfuming? |
| Durative (keeps doing) | menduhlab turmaymamı? duhlab turmaymıma?don't I keep perfuming? | senduhlab turmaymısa?don't you keep perfuming? | olduhlab turmaymıdı?doesn't he keep perfuming? | bizduhlab turmaybızmı? duhlab turmaymıbız?don't we keep perfuming? | sizduhlab turmaymısız?don't you all keep perfuming? | aladuhlab turmaymıdıla?don't they keep perfuming? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menduhlay turamaI am in the middle of perfuming | senduhlay turasayou are in the middle of perfuming | olduhlay turadıhe is in the middle of perfuming | bizduhlay turabızwe are in the middle of perfuming | sizduhlay turasızyou all are in the middle of perfuming | aladuhlay turadılathey are in the middle of perfuming |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menduhlay turmaymaI am not in the middle of perfuming | senduhlay turmaysayou are not in the middle of perfuming | olduhlay turmaydıhe is not in the middle of perfuming | bizduhlay turmaybızwe are not in the middle of perfuming | sizduhlay turmaysızyou all are not in the middle of perfuming | aladuhlay turmaydılathey are not in the middle of perfuming |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menduhlay turamamı? duhlay turamıma?am I in the middle of perfuming? | senduhlay turamısa?are you in the middle of perfuming? | olduhlay turamıdı?is he in the middle of perfuming? | bizduhlay turabızmı? duhlay turamıbız?are we in the middle of perfuming? | sizduhlay turamısız?are you all in the middle of perfuming? | aladuhlay turamıdıla?are they in the middle of perfuming? |
| Progressive (in the middle of) | menduhlay turmaymamı? duhlay turmaymıma?aren't I in the middle of perfuming? | senduhlay turmaymısa?aren't you in the middle of perfuming? | olduhlay turmaymıdı?isn't he in the middle of perfuming? | bizduhlay turmaybızmı? duhlay turmaymıbız?aren't we in the middle of perfuming? | sizduhlay turmaymısız?aren't you all in the middle of perfuming? | aladuhlay turmaymıdıla?aren't they in the middle of perfuming? |
| Simple past (definite) | menduhladımI perfumed | senduhladıŋyou perfumed | olduhladıhe perfumed | bizduhladıqwe perfumed | sizduhladığızyou all perfumed | aladuhladılathey perfumed |
| Simple past (definite) | menduhlamadımI didn't perfume | senduhlamadıŋyou didn't perfume | olduhlamadıhe didn't perfume | bizduhlamadıqwe didn't perfume | sizduhlamadığızyou all didn't perfume | aladuhlamadılathey didn't perfume |
| Simple past (definite) | menduhladımmı?did I perfume? | senduhladıŋmı?did you perfume? | olduhladımı?did he perfume? | bizduhladıqmı?did we perfume? | sizduhladığızmı?did you all perfume? | aladuhladılamı?did they perfume? |
| Simple past (definite) | menduhlamadımmı?didn't I perfume? | senduhlamadıŋmı?didn't you perfume? | olduhlamadımı?didn't he perfume? | bizduhlamadıqmı?didn't we perfume? | sizduhlamadığızmı?didn't you all perfume? | aladuhlamadılamı?didn't they perfume? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menduhlağanmaI have perfumed | senduhlağansayou have perfumed | olduhlağandıhe has perfumed | bizduhlağanbızwe have perfumed | sizduhlağansızyou all have perfumed | aladuhlağandılathey have perfumed |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menduhlamağanmaI haven't perfumed | senduhlamağansayou haven't perfumed | olduhlamağandıhe hasn't perfumed | bizduhlamağanbızwe haven't perfumed | sizduhlamağansızyou all haven't perfumed | aladuhlamağandılathey haven't perfumed |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menduhlağanmamı? duhlağanmıma?have I perfumed? | senduhlağanmısa?have you perfumed? | olduhlağanmıdı?has he perfumed? | bizduhlağanbızmı? duhlağanmıbız?have we perfumed? | sizduhlağanmısız?have you all perfumed? | aladuhlağanmıdıla?have they perfumed? |
| Perfect (past indefinite) | menduhlamağanmamı? duhlamağanmıma?haven't I perfumed? | senduhlamağanmısa?haven't you perfumed? | olduhlamağanmıdı?hasn't he perfumed? | bizduhlamağanbızmı? duhlamağanmıbız?haven't we perfumed? | sizduhlamağanmısız?haven't you all perfumed? | aladuhlamağanmıdıla?haven't they perfumed? |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menduhlab turdumI kept perfuming | senduhlab turduŋyou kept perfuming | olduhlab turduhe kept perfuming | bizduhlab turduqwe kept perfuming | sizduhlab turduğuzyou all kept perfuming | aladuhlab turdulathey kept perfuming |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | menduhlab turmadımI didn't keep perfuming | senduhlab turmadıŋyou didn't keep perfuming | olduhlab turmadıhe didn't keep perfuming | bizduhlab turmadıqwe didn't keep perfuming | sizduhlab turmadığızyou all didn't keep perfuming | aladuhlab turmadılathey didn't keep perfuming |
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Durative, definite past (kept doing) | ||||||
| Indefinite future (future I) | menduhlarmaI will perfume | senduhlarsayou will perfume | olduhlarhe will perfume | bizduhlarbızwe will perfume | sizduhlarsızyou all will perfume | aladuhlarlathey will perfume |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menduhlamazmaI won't perfume | senduhlamazsayou won't perfume | olduhlamazhe won't perfume | bizduhlamazbızwe won't perfume | sizduhlamazsızyou all won't perfume | aladuhlamazlathey won't perfume |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menduhlarmamı? duhlarmıma?will I perfume? | senduhlarmısa?will you perfume? | olduhlarmı?will he perfume? | bizduhlarbızmı? duhlarmıbız?will we perfume? | sizduhlarmısız?will you all perfume? | aladuhlarlamı? duhlarmıla?will they perfume? |
| Indefinite future (future I) | menduhlamazmamı? duhlamazmıma?won't I perfume? | senduhlamazmısa?won't you perfume? | olduhlamazmı?won't he perfume? | bizduhlamazbızmı? duhlamazmıbız?won't we perfume? | sizduhlamazmısız?won't you all perfume? | aladuhlamazlamı? duhlamazmıla?won't they perfume? |
| Definite future (future II) | menduhlarıqmaI am going to perfume | senduhlarıqsayou are going to perfume | olduhlarıqdıhe is going to perfume | bizduhlarıqbızwe are going to perfume | sizduhlarıqsızyou all are going to perfume | aladuhlarıqdılathey are going to perfume |
| Definite future (future II) | menduhlarıq tülmeI am not going to perfume | senduhlarıq tülseyou are not going to perfume | olduhlarıq tüldühe is not going to perfume | bizduhlarıq tülbüzwe are not going to perfume | sizduhlarıq tülsüzyou all are not going to perfume | aladuhlarıq tüldülethey are not going to perfume |
| Definite future (future II) | menduhlarıqmamı? duhlarıqmıma?am I going to perfume? | senduhlarıqmısa?are you going to perfume? | olduhlarıqmıdı?is he going to perfume? | bizduhlarıqbızmı? duhlarıqmıbız?are we going to perfume? | sizduhlarıqmısız?are you all going to perfume? | aladuhlarıqmıdıla?are they going to perfume? |
| Definite future (future II) | menduhlarıq tülmüme?aren't I going to perfume? | senduhlarıq tülmüse?aren't you going to perfume? | olduhlarıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to perfume? | bizduhlarıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to perfume? | sizduhlarıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to perfume? | aladuhlarıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to perfume? |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Past compound tenses
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menduhlağan edimduhlağanemI had perfumed | senduhlağan ediŋduhlağaneŋyou had perfumed | olduhlağan ediduhlağanedhe had perfumed | bizduhlağan edikduhlağanekwe had perfumed | sizduhlağan edigizduhlağanegizyou all had perfumed | aladuhlağan edileduhlağanellethey had perfumed |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | menduhlamağan edimduhlamağanemI hadn't perfumed | senduhlamağan ediŋduhlamağaneŋyou hadn't perfumed | olduhlamağan ediduhlamağanedhe hadn't perfumed | bizduhlamağan edikduhlamağanekwe hadn't perfumed | sizduhlamağan edigizduhlamağanegizyou all hadn't perfumed | aladuhlamağan edileduhlamağanellethey hadn't perfumed |
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past perfect (pluperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menduhlay edimduhlayemI was perfuming | senduhlay ediŋduhlayeŋyou were perfuming | olduhlay ediduhlayedhe was perfuming | bizduhlay edikduhlayekwe were perfuming | sizduhlay edigizduhlayegizyou all were perfuming | aladuhlay edileduhlayellethey were perfuming |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | menduhlamay edimduhlamayemI wasn't perfuming | senduhlamay ediŋduhlamayeŋyou weren't perfuming | olduhlamay ediduhlamayedhe wasn't perfuming | bizduhlamay edikduhlamayekwe weren't perfuming | sizduhlamay edigizduhlamayegizyou all weren't perfuming | aladuhlamay edileduhlamayellethey weren't perfuming |
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Past continuous (imperfect) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | menduhlawçan edimduhlawçanemI used to perfume | senduhlawçan ediŋduhlawçaneŋyou used to perfume | olduhlawçan ediduhlawçanedhe used to perfume | bizduhlawçan edikduhlawçanekwe used to perfume | sizduhlawçan edigizduhlawçanegizyou all used to perfume | aladuhlawçan edileduhlawçanellethey used to perfume |
| Habitual past (used to) | menduhlamawçan edimduhlamawçanemI didn't use to perfume | senduhlamawçan ediŋduhlamawçaneŋyou didn't use to perfume | olduhlamawçan ediduhlamawçanedhe didn't use to perfume | bizduhlamawçan edikduhlamawçanekwe didn't use to perfume | sizduhlamawçan edigizduhlamawçanegizyou all didn't use to perfume | aladuhlamawçan edileduhlamawçanellethey didn't use to perfume |
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Habitual past (used to) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olduhlab edihe had perfumed and remained so | aladuhlab edilethey had perfumed and remained so | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | olduhlab tül edihe hadn't perfumed | aladuhlab tül edilethey hadn't perfumed | ||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Resultative past (had become and stayed) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menduhlab tura edimduhlab turaemI had kept perfuming | senduhlab tura ediŋduhlab turaeŋyou had kept perfuming | olduhlab tura ediduhlab turaedhe had kept perfuming | bizduhlab tura edikduhlab turaekwe had kept perfuming | sizduhlab tura edigizduhlab turaegizyou all had kept perfuming | aladuhlab tura edileduhlab turaellethey had kept perfuming |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | menduhlab turmay edimduhlab turmayemI hadn't kept perfuming | senduhlab turmay ediŋduhlab turmayeŋyou hadn't kept perfuming | olduhlab turmay ediduhlab turmayedhe hadn't kept perfuming | bizduhlab turmay edikduhlab turmayekwe hadn't kept perfuming | sizduhlab turmay edigizduhlab turmayegizyou all hadn't kept perfuming | aladuhlab turmay edileduhlab turmayellethey hadn't kept perfuming |
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past durative (had kept doing) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menduhlay tura edimduhlay turaemI was in the middle of perfuming | senduhlay tura ediŋduhlay turaeŋyou were in the middle of perfuming | olduhlay tura ediduhlay turaedhe was in the middle of perfuming | bizduhlay tura edikduhlay turaekwe were in the middle of perfuming | sizduhlay tura edigizduhlay turaegizyou all were in the middle of perfuming | aladuhlay tura edileduhlay turaellethey were in the middle of perfuming |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | menduhlay turmay edimduhlay turmayemI wasn't in the middle of perfuming | senduhlay turmay ediŋduhlay turmayeŋyou weren't in the middle of perfuming | olduhlay turmay ediduhlay turmayedhe wasn't in the middle of perfuming | bizduhlay turmay edikduhlay turmayekwe weren't in the middle of perfuming | sizduhlay turmay edigizduhlay turmayegizyou all weren't in the middle of perfuming | aladuhlay turmay edileduhlay turmayellethey weren't in the middle of perfuming |
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Past progressive (was in the middle of) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | menduhlar edimduhlar emI would perfume | senduhlar ediŋduhlar eŋyou would perfume | olduhlar ediduhlar edhe would perfume | bizduhlar edikduhlar ekwe would perfume | sizduhlar edigizduhlar egizyou all would perfume | aladuhlar edileduhlar ellethey would perfume |
| Conditional result (would) | menduhlamaz edimduhlamaz emI wouldn't perfume | senduhlamaz ediŋduhlamaz eŋyou wouldn't perfume | olduhlamaz ediduhlamaz edhe wouldn't perfume | bizduhlamaz edikduhlamaz ekwe wouldn't perfume | sizduhlamaz edigizduhlamaz egizyou all wouldn't perfume | aladuhlamaz edileduhlamaz ellethey wouldn't perfume |
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Conditional result (would) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) | menduhlarıq edimduhlarıq emI would have perfumed | senduhlarıq ediŋduhlarıq eŋyou would have perfumed | olduhlarıq ediduhlarıq edhe would have perfumed | bizduhlarıq edikduhlarıq ekwe would have perfumed | sizduhlarıq edigizduhlarıq egizyou all would have perfumed | aladuhlarıq edileduhlarıq ellethey would have perfumed |
| Past conditional result (would have) | menduhlarıq tül edimduhlarıq tül emI wouldn't have perfumed | senduhlarıq tül ediŋduhlarıq tül eŋyou wouldn't have perfumed | olduhlarıq tül ediduhlarıq tül edhe wouldn't have perfumed | bizduhlarıq tül edikduhlarıq tül ekwe wouldn't have perfumed | sizduhlarıq tül edigizduhlarıq tül egizyou all wouldn't have perfumed | aladuhlarıq tül edileduhlarıq tül ellethey wouldn't have perfumed |
| Past conditional result (would have) | ||||||
| Past conditional result (would have) |
Conditional
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Conditional | menduhlasamif I perfume | senduhlasaŋif you perfume | olduhlasaif he perfumes | bizduhlasaqif we perfume | sizduhlasağızif you all perfume | aladuhlasalaif they perfume |
| Conditional | menduhlamasamif I don't perfume | senduhlamasaŋif you don't perfume | olduhlamasaif he doesn't perfume | bizduhlamasaqif we don't perfume | sizduhlamasağızif you all don't perfume | aladuhlamasalaif they don't perfume |
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | menduhlay esemif I am perfuming | senduhlay eseŋif you are perfuming | olduhlay eseif he is perfuming | bizduhlay esekif we are perfuming | sizduhlay esegizif you all are perfuming | aladuhlay eseleif they are perfuming |
| Conditional, present real | menduhlamay esemif I am not perfuming | senduhlamay eseŋif you are not perfuming | olduhlamay eseif he is not perfuming | bizduhlamay esekif we are not perfuming | sizduhlamay esegizif you all are not perfuming | aladuhlamay eseleif they are not perfuming |
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, present real | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menduhlasam ediduhlasam edif only I perfumed | senduhlasaŋ ediduhlasaŋ edif only you perfumed | olduhlasa ediduhlasaedif only he perfumed | bizduhlasaq ediduhlasaq edif only we perfumed | sizduhlasağız ediduhlasağız edif only you all perfumed | aladuhlasala ediduhlasalaedif only they perfumed |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | menduhlamasam ediduhlamasam edif only I didn't perfume | senduhlamasaŋ ediduhlamasaŋ edif only you didn't perfume | olduhlamasa ediduhlamasaedif only he didn't perfume | bizduhlamasaq ediduhlamasaq edif only we didn't perfume | sizduhlamasağız ediduhlamasağız edif only you all didn't perfume | aladuhlamasala ediduhlamasalaedif only they didn't perfume |
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Wish, present/future (if only) | ||||||
| Durative conditional | menduhlab tursamif I carry on perfuming | senduhlab tursaŋif you carry on perfuming | olduhlab tursaif he carries on perfuming | bizduhlab tursaqif we carry on perfuming | sizduhlab tursağızif you all carry on perfuming | aladuhlab tursalaif they carry on perfuming |
| Durative conditional | menduhlab turmasamif I don't carry on perfuming | senduhlab turmasaŋif you don't carry on perfuming | olduhlab turmasaif he doesn't carry on perfuming | bizduhlab turmasaqif we don't carry on perfuming | sizduhlab turmasağızif you all don't carry on perfuming | aladuhlab turmasalaif they don't carry on perfuming |
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | menduhlab tura esemif I have kept perfuming | senduhlab tura eseŋif you have kept perfuming | olduhlab tura eseif he has kept perfuming | bizduhlab tura esekif we have kept perfuming | sizduhlab tura esegizif you all have kept perfuming | aladuhlab tura eseleif they have kept perfuming |
| Durative conditional, present real | menduhlab turmay esemif I haven't kept perfuming | senduhlab turmay eseŋif you haven't kept perfuming | olduhlab turmay eseif he hasn't kept perfuming | bizduhlab turmay esekif we haven't kept perfuming | sizduhlab turmay esegizif you all haven't kept perfuming | aladuhlab turmay eseleif they haven't kept perfuming |
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Durative conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | menduhlay tursamif I keep perfuming | senduhlay tursaŋif you keep perfuming | olduhlay tursaif he keeps perfuming | bizduhlay tursaqif we keep perfuming | sizduhlay tursağızif you all keep perfuming | aladuhlay tursalaif they keep perfuming |
| Progressive conditional | menduhlamay tursamif I keep on not perfuming | senduhlamay tursaŋif you keep on not perfuming | olduhlamay tursaif he keeps on not perfuming | bizduhlamay tursaqif we keep on not perfuming | sizduhlamay tursağızif you all keep on not perfuming | aladuhlamay tursalaif they keep on not perfuming |
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | menduhlay tura esemif I am in the middle of perfuming | senduhlay tura eseŋif you are in the middle of perfuming | olduhlay tura eseif he is in the middle of perfuming | bizduhlay tura esekif we are in the middle of perfuming | sizduhlay tura esegizif you all are in the middle of perfuming | aladuhlay tura eseleif they are in the middle of perfuming |
| Progressive conditional, present real | menduhlamay tura esemif I keep on not perfuming | senduhlamay tura eseŋif you keep on not perfuming | olduhlamay tura eseif he keeps on not perfuming | bizduhlamay tura esekif we keep on not perfuming | sizduhlamay tura esegizif you all keep on not perfuming | aladuhlamay tura eseleif they keep on not perfuming |
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Progressive conditional, present real | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past1 | menduhladım esemif I perfumed | senduhladıŋ eseŋif you perfumed | olduhladı eseif he perfumed | bizduhladıq esekif we perfumed | sizduhladığız esegizif you all perfumed | aladuhladıla eseleif they perfumed |
| Conditional, definite past1 | menduhlamadım esemif I didn't perfume | senduhlamadıŋ eseŋif you didn't perfume | olduhlamadı eseif he didn't perfume | bizduhlamadıq esekif we didn't perfume | sizduhlamadığız esegizif you all didn't perfume | aladuhlamadıla eseleif they didn't perfume |
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, definite past | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | menduhlağan esemif I did perfume (indeed) | senduhlağan eseŋif you did perfume (indeed) | olduhlağan eseif he did perfume (indeed) | bizduhlağan esekif we did perfume (indeed) | sizduhlağan esegizif you all did perfume (indeed) | aladuhlağan eseleif they did perfume (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | menduhlamağan esemif I didn't perfume (indeed) | senduhlamağan eseŋif you didn't perfume (indeed) | olduhlamağan eseif he didn't perfume (indeed) | bizduhlamağan esekif we didn't perfume (indeed) | sizduhlamağan esegizif you all didn't perfume (indeed) | aladuhlamağan eseleif they didn't perfume (indeed) |
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, past real | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | menduhlağan bolsamif I had perfumed | senduhlağan bolsaŋif you had perfumed | olduhlağan bolsaif he had perfumed | bizduhlağan bolsaqif we had perfumed | sizduhlağan bolsağızif you all had perfumed | aladuhlağan bolsalaif they had perfumed |
| Conditional, counterfactual | menduhlamağan bolsamif I hadn't perfumed | senduhlamağan bolsaŋif you hadn't perfumed | olduhlamağan bolsaif he hadn't perfumed | bizduhlamağan bolsaqif we hadn't perfumed | sizduhlamağan bolsağızif you all hadn't perfumed | aladuhlamağan bolsalaif they hadn't perfumed |
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menduhlağan bolsam ediduhlağan bolsam edif only I had perfumed | senduhlağan bolsaŋ ediduhlağan bolsaŋ edif only you had perfumed | olduhlağan bolsa ediduhlağan bolsaedif only he had perfumed | bizduhlağan bolsaq ediduhlağan bolsaq edif only we had perfumed | sizduhlağan bolsağız ediduhlağan bolsağız edif only you all had perfumed | aladuhlağan bolsala ediduhlağan bolsalaedif only they had perfumed |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | menduhlamağan bolsam ediduhlamağan bolsam edif only I hadn't perfumed | senduhlamağan bolsaŋ ediduhlamağan bolsaŋ edif only you hadn't perfumed | olduhlamağan bolsa ediduhlamağan bolsaedif only he hadn't perfumed | bizduhlamağan bolsaq ediduhlamağan bolsaq edif only we hadn't perfumed | sizduhlamağan bolsağız ediduhlamağan bolsağız edif only you all hadn't perfumed | aladuhlamağan bolsala ediduhlamağan bolsalaedif only they hadn't perfumed |
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Wish, past (if only I had) | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | menduhlar esemif I will perfume | senduhlar eseŋif you will perfume | olduhlar eseif he will perfume | bizduhlar esekif we will perfume | sizduhlar esegizif you all will perfume | aladuhlar eseleif they will perfume |
| Conditional, aorist | menduhlamaz esemif I won't perfume | senduhlamaz eseŋif you won't perfume | olduhlamaz eseif he won't perfume | bizduhlamaz esekif we won't perfume | sizduhlamaz esegizif you all won't perfume | aladuhlamaz eseleif they won't perfume |
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, aorist | ||||||
| Conditional, future | menduhlarıq esemif I am going to perfume | senduhlarıq eseŋif you are going to perfume | olduhlarıq eseif he is going to perfume | bizduhlarıq esekif we are going to perfume | sizduhlarıq esegizif you all are going to perfume | aladuhlarıq eseleif they are going to perfume |
| Conditional, future | menduhlarıq tül esemif I am not going to perfume | senduhlarıq tül eseŋif you are not going to perfume | olduhlarıq tül eseif he is not going to perfume | bizduhlarıq tül esekif we are not going to perfume | sizduhlarıq tül esegizif you all are not going to perfume | aladuhlarıq tül eseleif they are not going to perfume |
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menduhlarıq bolsamif I were going to perfume | senduhlarıq bolsaŋif you were going to perfume | olduhlarıq bolsaif he were going to perfume | bizduhlarıq bolsaqif we were going to perfume | sizduhlarıq bolsağızif you all were going to perfume | aladuhlarıq bolsalaif they were going to perfume |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | menduhlamazlıq bolsamif I were not going to perfume | senduhlamazlıq bolsaŋif you were not going to perfume | olduhlamazlıq bolsaif he were not going to perfume | bizduhlamazlıq bolsaqif we were not going to perfume | sizduhlamazlıq bolsağızif you all were not going to perfume | aladuhlamazlıq bolsalaif they were not going to perfume |
| Conditional, counterfactual future | ||||||
| Conditional, counterfactual future |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
- Conditional, definite pastalso duhladıŋ ese: the person on the verb only (Байрамкулов and Урусбиев 1967 § 110)
Inferential
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menduhlay bolurmaI must be perfuming | senduhlay bolursayou must be perfuming | olduhlay bolurhe must be perfuming | bizduhlay bolurbuzwe must be perfuming | sizduhlay bolursuzyou all must be perfuming | aladuhlay bolurlathey must be perfuming |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | menduhlamay bolurmaI must not be perfuming | senduhlamay bolursayou must not be perfuming | olduhlamay bolurhe must not be perfuming | bizduhlamay bolurbuzwe must not be perfuming | sizduhlamay bolursuzyou all must not be perfuming | aladuhlamay bolurlathey must not be perfuming |
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, present (must be doing) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menduhlay tura bolurmaI must be in the middle of perfuming | senduhlay tura bolursayou must be in the middle of perfuming | olduhlay tura bolurhe must be in the middle of perfuming | bizduhlay tura bolurbuzwe must be in the middle of perfuming | sizduhlay tura bolursuzyou all must be in the middle of perfuming | aladuhlay tura bolurlathey must be in the middle of perfuming |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | menduhlamay tura bolurmaI must keep on not perfuming | senduhlamay tura bolursayou must keep on not perfuming | olduhlamay tura bolurhe must keep on not perfuming | bizduhlamay tura bolurbuzwe must keep on not perfuming | sizduhlamay tura bolursuzyou all must keep on not perfuming | aladuhlamay tura bolurlathey must keep on not perfuming |
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference, progressive (must be in the middle of) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | menduhlağan bolurmaI must have perfumed | senduhlağan bolursayou must have perfumed | olduhlağan bolurhe must have perfumed | bizduhlağan bolurbuzwe must have perfumed | sizduhlağan bolursuzyou all must have perfumed | aladuhlağan bolurlathey must have perfumed |
| Inference (must have) | menduhlamağan bolurmaI must not have perfumed | senduhlamağan bolursayou must not have perfumed | olduhlamağan bolurhe must not have perfumed | bizduhlamağan bolurbuzwe must not have perfumed | sizduhlamağan bolursuzyou all must not have perfumed | aladuhlamağan bolurlathey must not have perfumed |
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference (must have) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menduhlarıq bolurmaI must be going to perfume | senduhlarıq bolursayou must be going to perfume | olduhlarıq bolurhe must be going to perfume | bizduhlarıq bolurbuzwe must be going to perfume | sizduhlarıq bolursuzyou all must be going to perfume | aladuhlarıq bolurlathey must be going to perfume |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | menduhlamazlıq bolurmaI must not be going to perfume | senduhlamazlıq bolursayou must not be going to perfume | olduhlamazlıq bolurhe must not be going to perfume | bizduhlamazlıq bolurbuzwe must not be going to perfume | sizduhlamazlıq bolursuzyou all must not be going to perfume | aladuhlamazlıq bolurlathey must not be going to perfume |
| Inference, future (must be going to) | ||||||
| Inference, future (must be going to) |
Emphatic forms: see Emphatic and rare forms
Commands, requests and wishes
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commands & suggestions | menduhlayımlet me perfume | senduhla!perfume! | olduhlasınlet him perfume | bizduhlayıqlet's perfume | sizduhlağız!perfume, you all! | aladuhlasınlalet them perfume |
| Commands & suggestions | menduhlamayımlet me not perfume | senduhlama!don't perfume! | olduhlamasınlet him not perfume | bizduhlamayıqlet's not perfume | sizduhlamağız!don't perfume, you all! | aladuhlamasınlalet them not perfume |
| Commands & suggestions | menduhlayımmı?shall I perfume? | olduhlasınmı?should he perfume? | bizduhlayıqmı?shall we perfume? | aladuhlasınlamı?should they perfume? | ||
| Commands & suggestions | menduhlamayımmı?shall I not perfume? | olduhlamasınmı?should he not perfume? | bizduhlamayıqmı?shall we not perfume? | aladuhlamasınlamı?should they not perfume? | ||
| Requests | senduhlaçı2duhlaçınplease perfume | olduhlasınçıdo let him perfume | sizduhlaçığızplease perfume (plural/polite) | aladuhlasınlaçıdo let them perfume | ||
| Requests | senduhlamaçı2duhlamaçınplease don't perfume | olduhlamasınçıdo let him not perfume | sizduhlamaçığızplease don't perfume (plural/polite) | aladuhlamasınlaçıdo let them not perfume | ||
| Requests | ||||||
| Requests | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senduhlağınduhlağımay you perfume | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | senduhlamağınduhlamağımay you not perfume | |||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Blessings & curses — may you… | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menduhlağay edim duhlağa edimwould that I perfumed | senduhlağay ediŋ duhlağa ediŋwould that you perfumed | olduhlağay edi duhlağa ediwould that he perfumed | bizduhlağay edik duhlağa edikwould that we perfumed | sizduhlağay edigiz duhlağa edigizwould that you all perfumed | aladuhlağay edile duhlağa edilewould that they perfumed |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | menduhlamağay edim duhlamağa edimwould that I did not perfume | senduhlamağay ediŋ duhlamağa ediŋwould that you did not perfume | olduhlamağay edi duhlamağa ediwould that he did not perfume | bizduhlamağay edik duhlamağa edikwould that we did not perfume | sizduhlamağay edigiz duhlamağa edigizwould that you all did not perfume | aladuhlamağay edile duhlamağa edilewould that they did not perfume |
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Optative wish (-ğay + edi) | ||||||
| Let someone… (commands) | menduhlamağa qoyayımduhlama qoyayımlet me allow someone to perfume | senduhlamağa qoy!duhlama qoy!let someone perfume! | olduhlamağa qoysunduhlama qoysunlet him allow someone to perfume | bizduhlamağa qoyayıqduhlama qoyayıqlet's allow someone to perfume | sizduhlamağa qoyuğuz!duhlama qoyuğuz!let someone perfume, you all! | aladuhlamağa qoysunladuhlama qoysunlalet them allow someone to perfume |
| Let someone… (commands) | menduhlamağa qoymayımduhlama qoymayımlet me not allow someone to perfume | senduhlamağa qoyma!duhlama qoyma!don't let someone perfume! | olduhlamağa qoymasınduhlama qoymasınlet him not allow someone to perfume | bizduhlamağa qoymayıqduhlama qoymayıqlet's not allow someone to perfume | sizduhlamağa qoymağız!duhlama qoymağız!don't let someone perfume, you all! | aladuhlamağa qoymasınladuhlama qoymasınlalet them not allow someone to perfume |
| Let someone… (commands) | menduhlamağa qoyayımmı?duhlama qoyayımmı?shall I allow someone to perfume? | olduhlamağa qoysunmu?duhlama qoysunmu?should he allow someone to perfume? | bizduhlamağa qoyayıqmı?duhlama qoyayıqmı?shall we allow someone to perfume? | aladuhlamağa qoysunlamı?duhlama qoysunlamı?should they allow someone to perfume? | ||
| Let someone… (commands) | menduhlamağa qoymayımmı?duhlama qoymayımmı?shall I not allow someone to perfume? | olduhlamağa qoymasınmı?duhlama qoymasınmı?should he not allow someone to perfume? | bizduhlamağa qoymayıqmı?duhlama qoymayıqmı?shall we not allow someone to perfume? | aladuhlamağa qoymasınlamı?duhlama qoymasınlamı?should they not allow someone to perfume? | ||
| Let someone… (present) | menduhlamağa qoyamaduhlama qoyamaI allow someone to perfume | senduhlamağa qoyasaduhlama qoyasayou allow someone to perfume | olduhlamağa qoyadıduhlama qoyadıhe allows someone to perfume | bizduhlamağa qoyabızduhlama qoyabızwe allow someone to perfume | sizduhlamağa qoyasızduhlama qoyasızyou all allow someone to perfume | aladuhlamağa qoyadıladuhlama qoyadılathey allow someone to perfume |
| Let someone… (present) | menduhlamağa qoymaymaduhlama qoymaymaI don't allow someone to perfume | senduhlamağa qoymaysaduhlama qoymaysayou don't allow someone to perfume | olduhlamağa qoymaydıduhlama qoymaydıhe doesn't allow someone to perfume | bizduhlamağa qoymaybızduhlama qoymaybızwe don't allow someone to perfume | sizduhlamağa qoymaysızduhlama qoymaysızyou all don't allow someone to perfume | aladuhlamağa qoymaydıladuhlama qoymaydılathey don't allow someone to perfume |
| Let someone… (present) | menduhlamağa qoyamamı?duhlama qoyamamı?do I allow someone to perfume? | senduhlamağa qoyamısa?duhlama qoyamısa?do you allow someone to perfume? | olduhlamağa qoyamıdı?duhlama qoyamıdı?does he allow someone to perfume? | bizduhlamağa qoyabızmı?duhlama qoyabızmı?do we allow someone to perfume? | sizduhlamağa qoyamısız?duhlama qoyamısız?do you all allow someone to perfume? | aladuhlamağa qoyamıdıla?duhlama qoyamıdıla?do they allow someone to perfume? |
| Let someone… (present) | menduhlamağa qoymaymamı?duhlama qoymaymamı?don't I allow someone to perfume? | senduhlamağa qoymaymısa?duhlama qoymaymısa?don't you allow someone to perfume? | olduhlamağa qoymaymıdı?duhlama qoymaymıdı?doesn't he allow someone to perfume? | bizduhlamağa qoymaybızmı?duhlama qoymaybızmı?don't we allow someone to perfume? | sizduhlamağa qoymaymısız?duhlama qoymaymısız?don't you all allow someone to perfume? | aladuhlamağa qoymaymıdıla?duhlama qoymaymıdıla?don't they allow someone to perfume? |
| Let someone… (past) | menduhlamağa qoydumduhlama qoydumI allowed someone to perfume | senduhlamağa qoyduŋduhlama qoyduŋyou allowed someone to perfume | olduhlamağa qoyduduhlama qoyduhe allowed someone to perfume | bizduhlamağa qoyduqduhlama qoyduqwe allowed someone to perfume | sizduhlamağa qoyduğuzduhlama qoyduğuzyou all allowed someone to perfume | aladuhlamağa qoyduladuhlama qoydulathey allowed someone to perfume |
| Let someone… (past) | menduhlamağa qoymadımduhlama qoymadımI didn't allow someone to perfume | senduhlamağa qoymadıŋduhlama qoymadıŋyou didn't allow someone to perfume | olduhlamağa qoymadıduhlama qoymadıhe didn't allow someone to perfume | bizduhlamağa qoymadıqduhlama qoymadıqwe didn't allow someone to perfume | sizduhlamağa qoymadığızduhlama qoymadığızyou all didn't allow someone to perfume | aladuhlamağa qoymadıladuhlama qoymadılathey didn't allow someone to perfume |
| Let someone… (past) | menduhlamağa qoydummu?duhlama qoydummu?did I allow someone to perfume? | senduhlamağa qoyduŋmu?duhlama qoyduŋmu?did you allow someone to perfume? | olduhlamağa qoydumu?duhlama qoydumu?did he allow someone to perfume? | bizduhlamağa qoyduqmu?duhlama qoyduqmu?did we allow someone to perfume? | sizduhlamağa qoyduğuzmu?duhlama qoyduğuzmu?did you all allow someone to perfume? | aladuhlamağa qoydulamı?duhlama qoydulamı?did they allow someone to perfume? |
| Let someone… (past) | menduhlamağa qoymadımmı?duhlama qoymadımmı?didn't I allow someone to perfume? | senduhlamağa qoymadıŋmı?duhlama qoymadıŋmı?didn't you allow someone to perfume? | olduhlamağa qoymadımı?duhlama qoymadımı?didn't he allow someone to perfume? | bizduhlamağa qoymadıqmı?duhlama qoymadıqmı?didn't we allow someone to perfume? | sizduhlamağa qoymadığızmı?duhlama qoymadığızmı?didn't you all allow someone to perfume? | aladuhlamağa qoymadılamı?duhlama qoymadılamı?didn't they allow someone to perfume? |
- RequestsSpoken variant: singular requests can add a final nasal consonant, with the same request meaning.
Ability
duhlayalırğa be able to perfume · duhlayalmazğa be unable to perfume
| Tense | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ability — present | menduhlayalamaI can perfume | senduhlayalasayou can perfume | olduhlayaladıhe can perfume | bizduhlayalabızwe can perfume | sizduhlayalasızyou all can perfume | aladuhlayaladılathey can perfume |
| Ability — present | menduhlayalmaymaI can't perfume | senduhlayalmaysayou can't perfume | olduhlayalmaydıhe can't perfume | bizduhlayalmaybızwe can't perfume | sizduhlayalmaysızyou all can't perfume | aladuhlayalmaydılathey can't perfume |
| Ability — present | menduhlayalamamı? duhlayalamıma?can I perfume? | senduhlayalamısa?can you perfume? | olduhlayalamıdı?can he perfume? | bizduhlayalabızmı? duhlayalamıbız?can we perfume? | sizduhlayalamısız?can you all perfume? | aladuhlayalamıdıla?can they perfume? |
| Ability — present | menduhlayalmaymamı? duhlayalmaymıma?can't I perfume? | senduhlayalmaymısa?can't you perfume? | olduhlayalmaymıdı?can't he perfume? | bizduhlayalmaybızmı? duhlayalmaymıbız?can't we perfume? | sizduhlayalmaymısız?can't you all perfume? | aladuhlayalmaymıdıla?can't they perfume? |
| Ability — if I can… | menduhlayalsamif I can perfume | senduhlayalsaŋif you can perfume | olduhlayalsaif he can perfume | bizduhlayalsaqif we can perfume | sizduhlayalsağızif you all can perfume | aladuhlayalsalaif they can perfume |
| Ability — if I can… | menduhlayalmasamif I can't perfume | senduhlayalmasaŋif you can't perfume | olduhlayalmasaif he can't perfume | bizduhlayalmasaqif we can't perfume | sizduhlayalmasağızif you all can't perfume | aladuhlayalmasalaif they can't perfume |
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — if I can… | ||||||
| Ability — simple past | menduhlayaldımI was able to perfume | senduhlayaldıŋyou were able to perfume | olduhlayaldıhe was able to perfume | bizduhlayaldıqwe were able to perfume | sizduhlayaldığızyou all were able to perfume | aladuhlayaldılathey were able to perfume |
| Ability — simple past | menduhlayalmadımI could not perfume | senduhlayalmadıŋyou could not perfume | olduhlayalmadıhe could not perfume | bizduhlayalmadıqwe could not perfume | sizduhlayalmadığızyou all could not perfume | aladuhlayalmadılathey could not perfume |
| Ability — simple past | menduhlayaldımmı?was I able to perfume? | senduhlayaldıŋmı?were you able to perfume? | olduhlayaldımı?was he able to perfume? | bizduhlayaldıqmı?were we able to perfume? | sizduhlayaldığızmı?were you all able to perfume? | aladuhlayaldılamı?were they able to perfume? |
| Ability — simple past | menduhlayalmadımmı?couldn't I perfume? | senduhlayalmadıŋmı?couldn't you perfume? | olduhlayalmadımı?couldn't he perfume? | bizduhlayalmadıqmı?couldn't we perfume? | sizduhlayalmadığızmı?couldn't you all perfume? | aladuhlayalmadılamı?couldn't they perfume? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menduhlayalğanmaI have been able to perfume | senduhlayalğansayou have been able to perfume | olduhlayalğandıhe has been able to perfume | bizduhlayalğanbızwe have been able to perfume | sizduhlayalğansızyou all have been able to perfume | aladuhlayalğandılathey have been able to perfume |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menduhlayalmağanmaI haven't been able to perfume | senduhlayalmağansayou haven't been able to perfume | olduhlayalmağandıhe hasn't been able to perfume | bizduhlayalmağanbızwe haven't been able to perfume | sizduhlayalmağansızyou all haven't been able to perfume | aladuhlayalmağandılathey haven't been able to perfume |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menduhlayalğanmamı? duhlayalğanmıma?have I been able to perfume? | senduhlayalğanmısa?have you been able to perfume? | olduhlayalğanmıdı?has he been able to perfume? | bizduhlayalğanbızmı? duhlayalğanmıbız?have we been able to perfume? | sizduhlayalğanmısız?have you all been able to perfume? | aladuhlayalğanmıdıla?have they been able to perfume? |
| Ability — perfect / -ğan past | menduhlayalmağanmamı? duhlayalmağanmıma?haven't I been able to perfume? | senduhlayalmağanmısa?haven't you been able to perfume? | olduhlayalmağanmıdı?hasn't he been able to perfume? | bizduhlayalmağanbızmı? duhlayalmağanmıbız?haven't we been able to perfume? | sizduhlayalmağanmısız?haven't you all been able to perfume? | aladuhlayalmağanmıdıla?haven't they been able to perfume? |
| Ability — past perfect | menduhlayalğan edimduhlayalğanemI had been able to perfume | senduhlayalğan ediŋduhlayalğaneŋyou had been able to perfume | olduhlayalğan ediduhlayalğanedhe had been able to perfume | bizduhlayalğan edikduhlayalğanekwe had been able to perfume | sizduhlayalğan edigizduhlayalğanegizyou all had been able to perfume | aladuhlayalğan edileduhlayalğanellethey had been able to perfume |
| Ability — past perfect | menduhlayalmağan edimduhlayalmağanemI hadn't been able to perfume | senduhlayalmağan ediŋduhlayalmağaneŋyou hadn't been able to perfume | olduhlayalmağan ediduhlayalmağanedhe hadn't been able to perfume | bizduhlayalmağan edikduhlayalmağanekwe hadn't been able to perfume | sizduhlayalmağan edigizduhlayalmağanegizyou all hadn't been able to perfume | aladuhlayalmağan edileduhlayalmağanellethey hadn't been able to perfume |
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past perfect | ||||||
| Ability — past background | menduhlayala edimduhlayalaemI could perfume | senduhlayala ediŋduhlayalaeŋyou could perfume | olduhlayala ediduhlayalaedhe could perfume | bizduhlayala edikduhlayalaekwe could perfume | sizduhlayala edigizduhlayalaegizyou all could perfume | aladuhlayala edileduhlayalaellethey could perfume |
| Ability — past background | menduhlayalmay edimduhlayalmayemI could not perfume | senduhlayalmay ediŋduhlayalmayeŋyou could not perfume | olduhlayalmay ediduhlayalmayedhe could not perfume | bizduhlayalmay edikduhlayalmayekwe could not perfume | sizduhlayalmay edigizduhlayalmayegizyou all could not perfume | aladuhlayalmay edileduhlayalmayellethey could not perfume |
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — past background | ||||||
| Ability — future I | menduhlayalırmaI will be able to perfume | senduhlayalırsayou will be able to perfume | olduhlayalırhe will be able to perfume | bizduhlayalırbızwe will be able to perfume | sizduhlayalırsızyou all will be able to perfume | aladuhlayalırlathey will be able to perfume |
| Ability — future I | menduhlayalmazmaI won't be able to perfume | senduhlayalmazsayou won't be able to perfume | olduhlayalmazhe won't be able to perfume | bizduhlayalmazbızwe won't be able to perfume | sizduhlayalmazsızyou all won't be able to perfume | aladuhlayalmazlathey won't be able to perfume |
| Ability — future I | menduhlayalırmamı? duhlayalırmıma?will I be able to perfume? | senduhlayalırmısa?will you be able to perfume? | olduhlayalırmı?will he be able to perfume? | bizduhlayalırbızmı? duhlayalırmıbız?will we be able to perfume? | sizduhlayalırmısız?will you all be able to perfume? | aladuhlayalırlamı? duhlayalırmıla?will they be able to perfume? |
| Ability — future I | menduhlayalmazmamı? duhlayalmazmıma?won't I be able to perfume? | senduhlayalmazmısa?won't you be able to perfume? | olduhlayalmazmı?won't he be able to perfume? | bizduhlayalmazbızmı? duhlayalmazmıbız?won't we be able to perfume? | sizduhlayalmazmısız?won't you all be able to perfume? | aladuhlayalmazlamı? duhlayalmazmıla?won't they be able to perfume? |
| Ability — future II | menduhlayallıqmaI am going to be able to perfume | senduhlayallıqsayou are going to be able to perfume | olduhlayallıqdıhe is going to be able to perfume | bizduhlayallıqbızwe are going to be able to perfume | sizduhlayallıqsızyou all are going to be able to perfume | aladuhlayallıqdılathey are going to be able to perfume |
| Ability — future II | menduhlayallıq tülmeI am not going to be able to perfume | senduhlayallıq tülseyou are not going to be able to perfume | olduhlayallıq tüldühe is not going to be able to perfume | bizduhlayallıq tülbüzwe are not going to be able to perfume | sizduhlayallıq tülsüzyou all are not going to be able to perfume | aladuhlayallıq tüldülethey are not going to be able to perfume |
| Ability — future II | menduhlayallıqmamı? duhlayallıqmıma?am I going to be able to perfume? | senduhlayallıqmısa?are you going to be able to perfume? | olduhlayallıqmıdı?is he going to be able to perfume? | bizduhlayallıqbızmı? duhlayallıqmıbız?are we going to be able to perfume? | sizduhlayallıqmısız?are you all going to be able to perfume? | aladuhlayallıqmıdıla?are they going to be able to perfume? |
| Ability — future II | menduhlayallıq tülmüme?aren't I going to be able to perfume? | senduhlayallıq tülmüse?aren't you going to be able to perfume? | olduhlayallıq tülmüdü?isn't he going to be able to perfume? | bizduhlayallıq tülmübüz?aren't we going to be able to perfume? | sizduhlayallıq tülmüsüz?aren't you all going to be able to perfume? | aladuhlayallıq tülmüdüle?aren't they going to be able to perfume? |
| Ability — would be able to… | menduhlayalır edimduhlayalır emI would be able to perfume | senduhlayalır ediŋduhlayalır eŋyou would be able to perfume | olduhlayalır ediduhlayalır edhe would be able to perfume | bizduhlayalır edikduhlayalır ekwe would be able to perfume | sizduhlayalır edigizduhlayalır egizyou all would be able to perfume | aladuhlayalır edileduhlayalır ellethey would be able to perfume |
| Ability — would be able to… | menduhlayalmaz edimduhlayalmaz emI wouldn't be able to perfume | senduhlayalmaz ediŋduhlayalmaz eŋyou wouldn't be able to perfume | olduhlayalmaz ediduhlayalmaz edhe wouldn't be able to perfume | bizduhlayalmaz edikduhlayalmaz ekwe wouldn't be able to perfume | sizduhlayalmaz edigizduhlayalmaz egizyou all wouldn't be able to perfume | aladuhlayalmaz edileduhlayalmaz ellethey wouldn't be able to perfume |
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Ability — would be able to… | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senduhlayalğınduhlayalğımay you be able to perfume | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | senduhlayalmağınduhlayalmağımay you not be able to perfume | |||||
| Second-person optative — ability | ||||||
| Second-person optative — ability |
With another word
| Frame | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wanting and intending | ||||||
| want to | menduhlarğa izleymeI want to perfume | senduhlarğa izleyseyou want to perfume | olduhlarğa izleydihe wants to perfume | bizduhlarğa izleybizwe want to perfume | sizduhlarğa izleysizyou all want to perfume | aladuhlarğa izleydilethey want to perfume |
| want to | menduhlarğa izlemeymeI do not want to perfume | senduhlarğa izlemeyseyou do not want to perfume | olduhlarğa izlemeydihe does not want to perfume | bizduhlarğa izlemeybizwe do not want to perfume | sizduhlarğa izlemeysizyou all do not want to perfume | aladuhlarğa izlemeydilethey do not want to perfume |
| would like to | menduhlarğa süemeI would like to perfume | senduhlarğa süeseyou would like to perfume | olduhlarğa süedihe would like to perfume | bizduhlarğa süebizwe would like to perfume | sizduhlarğa süesizyou all would like to perfume | aladuhlarğa süedilethey would like to perfume |
| would like to | menduhlarğa süymeymeI would not like to perfume | senduhlarğa süymeyseyou would not like to perfume | olduhlarğa süymeydihe would not like to perfume | bizduhlarğa süymeybizwe would not like to perfume | sizduhlarğa süymeysizyou all would not like to perfume | aladuhlarğa süymeydilethey would not like to perfume |
| hope to | menduhlarğa umutlanamaI hope to perfume | senduhlarğa umutlanasayou hope to perfume | olduhlarğa umutlanadıhe hopes to perfume | bizduhlarğa umutlanabızwe hope to perfume | sizduhlarğa umutlanasızyou all hope to perfume | aladuhlarğa umutlanadılathey hope to perfume |
| hope to | menduhlarğa umutlanmaymaI do not hope to perfume | senduhlarğa umutlanmaysayou do not hope to perfume | olduhlarğa umutlanmaydıhe does not hope to perfume | bizduhlarğa umutlanmaybızwe do not hope to perfume | sizduhlarğa umutlanmaysızyou all do not hope to perfume | aladuhlarğa umutlanmaydılathey do not hope to perfume |
| be about to | menduhlarğa deb turamaI am about to perfume | senduhlarğa deb turasayou are about to perfume | olduhlarğa deb turadıhe is about to perfume | bizduhlarğa deb turabızwe are about to perfume | sizduhlarğa deb turasızyou all are about to perfume | aladuhlarğa deb turadılathey are about to perfume |
| be about to | menduhlarğa deb turmaymaI am not about to perfume | senduhlarğa deb turmaysayou are not about to perfume | olduhlarğa deb turmaydıhe is not about to perfume | bizduhlarğa deb turmaybızwe are not about to perfume | sizduhlarğa deb turmaysızyou all are not about to perfume | aladuhlarğa deb turmaydılathey are not about to perfume |
| Need and obligation | ||||||
| need to | menduhlarğa kerekmeI need to perfume | senduhlarğa kerekseyou need to perfume | olduhlarğa kerekdihe needs to perfume | bizduhlarğa kerekbizwe need to perfume | sizduhlarğa kereksizyou all need to perfume | aladuhlarğa kerekdilethey need to perfume |
| need to | menduhlarğa kerek tülmeI do not need to perfume | senduhlarğa kerek tülseyou do not need to perfume | olduhlarğa kerek tüldühe does not need to perfume | bizduhlarğa kerek tülbüzwe do not need to perfume | sizduhlarğa kerek tülsüzyou all do not need to perfume | aladuhlarğa kerek tüldülethey do not need to perfume |
| have to | menmenŋe duhlarğa tüşediI have to perfume | sensenŋe duhlarğa tüşediyou have to perfume | olaŋa duhlarğa tüşedihe has to perfume | bizbizge duhlarğa tüşediwe have to perfume | sizsizge duhlarğa tüşediyou all have to perfume | alaalağa duhlarğa tüşedithey have to perfume |
| have to | menmenŋe duhlarğa tüşmeydiI do not have to perfume | sensenŋe duhlarğa tüşmeydiyou do not have to perfume | olaŋa duhlarğa tüşmeydihe does not have to perfume | bizbizge duhlarğa tüşmeydiwe do not have to perfume | sizsizge duhlarğa tüşmeydiyou all do not have to perfume | alaalağa duhlarğa tüşmeydithey do not have to perfume |
| be obliged to | menduhlarğa borçlumaI am obliged to perfume | senduhlarğa borçlusayou are obliged to perfume | olduhlarğa borçluduhe is obliged to perfume | bizduhlarğa borçlubuzwe are obliged to perfume | sizduhlarğa borçlusuzyou all are obliged to perfume | aladuhlarğa borçludulathey are obliged to perfume |
| be obliged to | menduhlarğa borçlu tülmeI am not obliged to perfume | senduhlarğa borçlu tülseyou are not obliged to perfume | olduhlarğa borçlu tüldühe is not obliged to perfume | bizduhlarğa borçlu tülbüzwe are not obliged to perfume | sizduhlarğa borçlu tülsüzyou all are not obliged to perfume | aladuhlarğa borçlu tüldülethey are not obliged to perfume |
| Possibility and permission | ||||||
| have a way to | menduhlarğa madarım bardıI have a way to perfume | senduhlarğa madarıŋ bardıyou have a way to perfume | olduhlarğa madarı bardıhe has a way to perfume | bizduhlarğa madarıbız bardıwe have a way to perfume | sizduhlarğa madarığız bardıyou all have a way to perfume | aladuhlarğa madarları bardıthey have a way to perfume |
| have a way to | menduhlarğa madarım joqduI have no way to perfume | senduhlarğa madarıŋ joqduyou have no way to perfume | olduhlarğa madarı joqduhe has no way to perfume | bizduhlarğa madarıbız joqduwe have no way to perfume | sizduhlarğa madarığız joqduyou all have no way to perfume | aladuhlarğa madarları joqduthey have no way to perfume |
| be free to | menduhlarğa erkinligim bardıI am free to perfume | senduhlarğa erkinligiŋ bardıyou are free to perfume | olduhlarğa erkinligi bardıhe is free to perfume | bizduhlarğa erkinligibiz bardıwe are free to perfume | sizduhlarğa erkinligigiz bardıyou all are free to perfume | aladuhlarğa erkinlikleri bardıthey are free to perfume |
| be free to | menduhlarğa erkinligim joqduI am not free to perfume | senduhlarğa erkinligiŋ joqduyou are not free to perfume | olduhlarğa erkinligi joqduhe is not free to perfume | bizduhlarğa erkinligibiz joqduwe are not free to perfume | sizduhlarğa erkinligigiz joqduyou all are not free to perfume | aladuhlarğa erkinlikleri joqduthey are not free to perfume |
| be possible to | menmenŋe duhlarğa bolluqduit is possible for me to perfume | sensenŋe duhlarğa bolluqduit is possible for you to perfume | olaŋa duhlarğa bolluqduit is possible for him to perfume | bizbizge duhlarğa bolluqduit is possible for us to perfume | sizsizge duhlarğa bolluqduit is possible for you all to perfume | alaalağa duhlarğa bolluqduit is possible for them to perfume |
| be possible to | menmenŋe duhlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for me to perfume | sensenŋe duhlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you to perfume | olaŋa duhlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for him to perfume | bizbizge duhlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for us to perfume | sizsizge duhlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for you all to perfume | alaalağa duhlarğa bolluq tüldüit is not possible for them to perfume |
| be ready to | menduhlarğa hazırmaI am ready to perfume | senduhlarğa hazırsayou are ready to perfume | olduhlarğa hazırdıhe is ready to perfume | bizduhlarğa hazırbızwe are ready to perfume | sizduhlarğa hazırsızyou all are ready to perfume | aladuhlarğa hazırdılathey are ready to perfume |
| be ready to | menduhlarğa hazır tülmeI am not ready to perfume | senduhlarğa hazır tülseyou are not ready to perfume | olduhlarğa hazır tüldühe is not ready to perfume | bizduhlarğa hazır tülbüzwe are not ready to perfume | sizduhlarğa hazır tülsüzyou all are not ready to perfume | aladuhlarğa hazır tüldülethey are not ready to perfume |
| Trying, agreeing, hurrying, fearing | ||||||
| try to | menduhlarğa küreşemeI am trying to perfume | senduhlarğa küreşeseyou are trying to perfume | olduhlarğa küreşedihe is trying to perfume | bizduhlarğa küreşebizwe are trying to perfume | sizduhlarğa küreşesizyou all are trying to perfume | aladuhlarğa küreşedilethey are trying to perfume |
| try to | menduhlarğa küreşmeymeI am not trying to perfume | senduhlarğa küreşmeyseyou are not trying to perfume | olduhlarğa küreşmeydihe is not trying to perfume | bizduhlarğa küreşmeybizwe are not trying to perfume | sizduhlarğa küreşmeysizyou all are not trying to perfume | aladuhlarğa küreşmeydilethey are not trying to perfume |
| agree to | menduhlarğa unaymaI agree to perfume | senduhlarğa unaysayou agree to perfume | olduhlarğa unaydıhe agrees to perfume | bizduhlarğa unaybızwe agree to perfume | sizduhlarğa unaysızyou all agree to perfume | aladuhlarğa unaydılathey agree to perfume |
| agree to | menduhlarğa unamaymaI refuse to perfume | senduhlarğa unamaysayou refuse to perfume | olduhlarğa unamaydıhe refuses to perfume | bizduhlarğa unamaybızwe refuse to perfume | sizduhlarğa unamaysızyou all refuse to perfume | aladuhlarğa unamaydılathey refuse to perfume |
| hurry to | menduhlarğa aşığamaI am in a hurry to perfume | senduhlarğa aşığasayou are in a hurry to perfume | olduhlarğa aşığadıhe is in a hurry to perfume | bizduhlarğa aşığabızwe are in a hurry to perfume | sizduhlarğa aşığasızyou all are in a hurry to perfume | aladuhlarğa aşığadılathey are in a hurry to perfume |
| hurry to | menduhlarğa aşıqmaymaI am in no hurry to perfume | senduhlarğa aşıqmaysayou are in no hurry to perfume | olduhlarğa aşıqmaydıhe is in no hurry to perfume | bizduhlarğa aşıqmaybızwe are in no hurry to perfume | sizduhlarğa aşıqmaysızyou all are in no hurry to perfume | aladuhlarğa aşıqmaydılathey are in no hurry to perfume |
| be afraid to | menduhlarğa qorqamaI am afraid to perfume | senduhlarğa qorqasayou are afraid to perfume | olduhlarğa qorqadıhe is afraid to perfume | bizduhlarğa qorqabızwe are afraid to perfume | sizduhlarğa qorqasızyou all are afraid to perfume | aladuhlarğa qorqadılathey are afraid to perfume |
| be afraid to | menduhlarğa qorqmaymaI am not afraid to perfume | senduhlarğa qorqmaysayou are not afraid to perfume | olduhlarğa qorqmaydıhe is not afraid to perfume | bizduhlarğa qorqmaybızwe are not afraid to perfume | sizduhlarğa qorqmaysızyou all are not afraid to perfume | aladuhlarğa qorqmaydılathey are not afraid to perfume |
Emphatic and rare forms
| Form | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inference, present — auxiliary negated | menduhlay bolmazmaI can't be perfuming | senduhlay bolmazsayou can't be perfuming | olduhlay bolmazhe can't be perfuming | bizduhlay bolmazbızwe can't be perfuming | sizduhlay bolmazsızyou all can't be perfuming | aladuhlay bolmazlathey can't be perfuming |
| Inference, present — double negation | menduhlamay bolmazmaI must be perfuming (emphatic) | senduhlamay bolmazsayou must be perfuming (emphatic) | olduhlamay bolmazhe must be perfuming (emphatic) | bizduhlamay bolmazbızwe must be perfuming (emphatic) | sizduhlamay bolmazsızyou all must be perfuming (emphatic) | aladuhlamay bolmazlathey must be perfuming (emphatic) |
| Progressive conditional — auxiliary negated | menduhlay turmasamif I don't keep perfuming | senduhlay turmasaŋif you don't keep perfuming | olduhlay turmasaif he doesn't keep perfuming | bizduhlay turmasaqif we don't keep perfuming | sizduhlay turmasağızif you all don't keep perfuming | aladuhlay turmasalaif they don't keep perfuming |
| Inference, progressive — auxiliary negated | menduhlay tura bolmazmaI can't be in the middle of perfuming | senduhlay tura bolmazsayou can't be in the middle of perfuming | olduhlay tura bolmazhe can't be in the middle of perfuming | bizduhlay tura bolmazbızwe can't be in the middle of perfuming | sizduhlay tura bolmazsızyou all can't be in the middle of perfuming | aladuhlay tura bolmazlathey can't be in the middle of perfuming |
| Inference, progressive — double negation | menduhlamay tura bolmazmaI must keep on not perfuming (emphatic) | senduhlamay tura bolmazsayou must keep on not perfuming (emphatic) | olduhlamay tura bolmazhe must keep on not perfuming (emphatic) | bizduhlamay tura bolmazbızwe must keep on not perfuming (emphatic) | sizduhlamay tura bolmazsızyou all must keep on not perfuming (emphatic) | aladuhlamay tura bolmazlathey must keep on not perfuming (emphatic) |
| Progressive — verb negated | menduhlamay turamaI keep on not perfuming | senduhlamay turasayou keep on not perfuming | olduhlamay turadıhe keeps on not perfuming | bizduhlamay turabızwe keep on not perfuming | sizduhlamay turasızyou all keep on not perfuming | aladuhlamay turadılathey keep on not perfuming |
| Progressive — double negation | menduhlamay turmaymaI am not keeping on not perfuming | senduhlamay turmaysayou are not keeping on not perfuming | olduhlamay turmaydıhe is not keeping on not perfuming | bizduhlamay turmaybızwe are not keeping on not perfuming | sizduhlamay turmaysızyou all are not keeping on not perfuming | aladuhlamay turmaydılathey are not keeping on not perfuming |
| Progressive — double negation | menduhlamay turmaymımaaren't I keeping on not perfuming? | senduhlamay turmaymısaaren't you keeping on not perfuming? | olduhlamay turmaymıdıisn't he keeping on not perfuming? | bizduhlamay turmaymıbızaren't we keeping on not perfuming? | sizduhlamay turmaymısızaren't you all keeping on not perfuming? | aladuhlamay turmaymıdılaaren't they keeping on not perfuming? |
| Inference — auxiliary negated | menduhlağan bolmazmaI can't have perfumed | senduhlağan bolmazsayou can't have perfumed | olduhlağan bolmazhe can't have perfumed | bizduhlağan bolmazbızwe can't have perfumed | sizduhlağan bolmazsızyou all can't have perfumed | aladuhlağan bolmazlathey can't have perfumed |
| Inference — double negation | menduhlamağan bolmazmaI must have perfumed (emphatic) | senduhlamağan bolmazsayou must have perfumed (emphatic) | olduhlamağan bolmazhe must have perfumed (emphatic) | bizduhlamağan bolmazbızwe must have perfumed (emphatic) | sizduhlamağan bolmazsızyou all must have perfumed (emphatic) | aladuhlamağan bolmazlathey must have perfumed (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual — auxiliary negated | menduhlağan bolmasamif it weren't that I had perfumed | senduhlağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you had perfumed | olduhlağan bolmasaif it weren't that he had perfumed | bizduhlağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we had perfumed | sizduhlağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all had perfumed | aladuhlağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they had perfumed |
| Counterfactual — double negation | menduhlamağan bolmasamif it weren't that I hadn't perfumed | senduhlamağan bolmasaŋif it weren't that you hadn't perfumed | olduhlamağan bolmasaif it weren't that he hadn't perfumed | bizduhlamağan bolmasaqif it weren't that we hadn't perfumed | sizduhlamağan bolmasağızif it weren't that you all hadn't perfumed | aladuhlamağan bolmasalaif it weren't that they hadn't perfumed |
| Inference, future — auxiliary negated | menduhlarıq bolmazmaI can't be going to perfume | senduhlarıq bolmazsayou can't be going to perfume | olduhlarıq bolmazhe can't be going to perfume | bizduhlarıq bolmazbızwe can't be going to perfume | sizduhlarıq bolmazsızyou all can't be going to perfume | aladuhlarıq bolmazlathey can't be going to perfume |
| Inference, future — double negation | menduhlamazlıq bolmazmaI must be going to perfume (emphatic) | senduhlamazlıq bolmazsayou must be going to perfume (emphatic) | olduhlamazlıq bolmazhe must be going to perfume (emphatic) | bizduhlamazlıq bolmazbızwe must be going to perfume (emphatic) | sizduhlamazlıq bolmazsızyou all must be going to perfume (emphatic) | aladuhlamazlıq bolmazlathey must be going to perfume (emphatic) |
| Counterfactual future — auxiliary negated | menduhlarıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were going to perfume | senduhlarıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were going to perfume | olduhlarıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were going to perfume | bizduhlarıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were going to perfume | sizduhlarıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were going to perfume | aladuhlarıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were going to perfume |
| Counterfactual future — double negation | menduhlamazlıq bolmasamif it weren't that I were not going to perfume | senduhlamazlıq bolmasaŋif it weren't that you were not going to perfume | olduhlamazlıq bolmasaif it weren't that he were not going to perfume | bizduhlamazlıq bolmasaqif it weren't that we were not going to perfume | sizduhlamazlıq bolmasağızif it weren't that you all were not going to perfume | aladuhlamazlıq bolmasalaif it weren't that they were not going to perfume |