çıran
/tʃɯran/
Definitions
1. a glacier, a mass of ice standing in the mountains
- taw çıran — a mountain glacier
- tawlanı üsü qar çırandı — the tops of the mountains are snow and glacier
- çırannı tübü qayadı — below the glacier is rock
2. a floating slab of ice broken off from such a mass
- çıran buz — an ice floe
- suwda çıranla baradıla — ice floes are going down the river
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or .Cases
| Singular | Plural | When to use it | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | çıranthe glacier | çıranlathe glaciers | the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence |
| genitive | çırannıthe glacier's | çıranlanıthe glaciers' | the owner — whose it is |
| accusative | çırannıthe glacier (as the object) | çıranlanıthe glaciers (as the object) | a specific, known object — whom or what |
| dative | çırangato the glacier | çıranlağato the glaciers | direction or recipient — to where, to whom |
| locative | çırandaat / in the glacier | çıranladaat / in the glaciers | where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it" |
| ablative | çırandanfrom the glacier | çıranladanfrom the glaciers | where it comes from; also "than" when comparing |
When to use each case
- nominative
- the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence
- genitive
- the owner — whose it is
- accusative
- a specific, known object — whom or what
- dative
- direction or recipient — to where, to whom
- locative
- where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it"
- ablative
- where it comes from; also "than" when comparing
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.
With an owner
| One owned | Several owned | |
|---|---|---|
| my | çıranımmy glacier | çıranlarımmy glaciers |
| your | çıranıngyour glacier | çıranlarıngyour glaciers |
| his / her | çıranıhis / her glacier | çıranlarıhis / her glaciers |
| our | çıranıbızour glacier | çıranlarıbızour glaciers |
| you all's | çıranığızyou all's glacier | çıranlarığızyou all's glaciers |
| their | çıranlarıtheir glacier | çıranlarıtheir glaciers |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: çıranları can mean "his / her glaciers", "their glacier", or "their glaciers" — context decides.