arthı
/artxɯ/
back, rear, last — Tenishev and Suyunchev 1989 marks it Karachay. Example: arthı vagonda "in the last car (of a train)".
- arthı eşikden kirdi — he came in through the back door
- arthı qatarda olturabız — we sit in the back row
- atnı arthı ayağı — the horse's hind leg
Saying it about someone
| Degree | menI | senyou | olhe/she/it | bizwe | sizyou all | alathey |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | arthımaI am back | arthısayou are back | arthıdıhe is back | arthıbızwe are back | arthısızyou all are back | arthıdılathey are back |
To compare two things, put the loser in the from-form: ol menden arthıdı — "compared to me, he is back."
Saying it about mine, yours, theirs
One thing
| Degree | menikimine | senikiyours | anıqıhis / hers | biznikiours | siznikiyours (pl.) | alanıqıtheirs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | meniki arthıdımine is back | seniki arthıdıyours is back | anıqı arthıdıhis is back | bizniki arthıdıours is back | sizniki arthıdıyours (pl.) is back | alanıqı arthıdıtheirs is back |
Several things
| Degree | menikilemine | senikileyours | anıqılahis / hers | biznikileours | siznikileyours (pl.) | alanıqılatheirs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | menikile arthıdılamine are back | senikile arthıdılayours are back | anıqıla arthıdılahis are back | biznikile arthıdılaours are back | siznikile arthıdılayours (pl.) are back | alanıqıla arthıdılatheirs are back |
Any thing takes the third-person ending, not only these: bu arthıdı, bıla arthıdıla. In texts biznikile is usually kesibiznikile, "our own people", and a surname with -nıqıla names a family: Dudalanıqıla, "the Dudas".