tuwduq
/tuwduq/ · plural tuwduqla
1. grandchild, grandson, granddaughter — jaş tuwduq is a grandson and qız tuwduq a granddaughter.
- jaş tuwduq — a grandson
- qız tuwduq — a granddaughter
- eki tuwduğum bardı — I have two grandchildren
- tuwduqlarım şkolğa baradıla — my grandchildren go to school
- appanı tuwduqları — grandpa's grandchildren
- qartnı tuwduqları köbdüle — the old man has many grandchildren
- tuwduqları oğuna üydegili bolğandıla — even her grandchildren have married
- anı tuwduğu joqdu — he has no grandchild
2. descendant, offspring — Often used in the plural for a people's descendants, as in nartlanı tuwduqları "the descendants of the Narts".
- nartlanı tuwduqları — the descendants of the Narts
- alanlanı tuwduqları — the descendants of the Alans
- tuwduqları — his descendants
- biz anı tuwduqlarıbız — we are his offspring
- tuwduqlarıbız a julduzlağa uçarıqdıla — but our descendants will fly to the stars
3. heir
- tuwduq qalmağandı — no heir was left
- tuwduqsuz öldü — he died without an heir
- mülknü tuwduqğa qoydu — he left the property to the heir
4. relative, kinsman
- biz tuwduqlabız — we are relatives
- ol bizni tuwduğubuzdu — he is a kinsman of ours
- tuwduqlarıbız bla tübeşdik — we met with our kinsmen
- uzaq tuwduq — a distant kinsman
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | tuwduqthe grandchild | tuwduğummy grandchild | tuwduğuŋyour grandchild | tuwduğuhis grandchild | tuwduğubuzour grandchild | tuwduğuğuzyou all's grandchild | tuwduqlarıtheir grandchildren |
| Genitive | tuwduqnuthe grandchild's | tuwduğumumy grandchild's | tuwduğuŋuyour grandchild's | tuwduğunuhis grandchild's | tuwduğubuznuour grandchild's | tuwduğuğuznuyou all's grandchild's | tuwduqlarınıtheir grandchildren's |
| Accusative | tuwduqnuthe grandchild (as the object) | tuwduğumumy grandchild (as the object) | tuwduğuŋuyour grandchild (as the object) | tuwduğunhis grandchild (as the object) | tuwduğubuznuour grandchild (as the object) | tuwduğuğuznuyou all's grandchild (as the object) | tuwduqlarıntheir grandchildren (as the object) |
| Dative | tuwduqğato the grandchild | tuwduğumato my grandchild | tuwduğuŋato your grandchild | tuwduğunato his grandchild | tuwduğubuzğato our grandchild | tuwduğuğuzğato you all's grandchild | tuwduqlarınato their grandchildren |
| Locative | tuwduqdain / at the grandchild | tuwduğumdain / at my grandchild | tuwduğuŋdain / at your grandchild | tuwduğundain / at his grandchild | tuwduğubuzdain / at our grandchild | tuwduğuğuzdain / at you all's grandchild | tuwduqlarındain / at their grandchildren |
| Ablative | tuwduqdanfrom the grandchild | tuwduğumdanfrom my grandchild | tuwduğuŋdanfrom your grandchild | tuwduğundanfrom his grandchild | tuwduğubuzdanfrom our grandchild | tuwduğuğuzdanfrom you all's grandchild | tuwduqlarındanfrom their grandchildren |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | tuwduqlathe grandchildren | tuwduqlarımmy grandchildren | tuwduqlarıŋyour grandchildren | tuwduqlarıhis grandchildren | tuwduqlarıbızour grandchildren | tuwduqlarığızyou all's grandchildren | tuwduqlarıtheir grandchildren |
| Genitive | tuwduqlanıthe grandchildren's | tuwduqlarımımy grandchildren's | tuwduqlarıŋıyour grandchildren's | tuwduqlarınıhis grandchildren's | tuwduqlarıbıznıour grandchildren's | tuwduqlarığıznıyou all's grandchildren's | tuwduqlarınıtheir grandchildren's |
| Accusative | tuwduqlanıthe grandchildren (as the object) | tuwduqlarımımy grandchildren (as the object) | tuwduqlarıŋıyour grandchildren (as the object) | tuwduqlarınhis grandchildren (as the object) | tuwduqlarıbıznıour grandchildren (as the object) | tuwduqlarığıznıyou all's grandchildren (as the object) | tuwduqlarıntheir grandchildren (as the object) |
| Dative | tuwduqlağato the grandchildren | tuwduqlarımato my grandchildren | tuwduqlarıŋato your grandchildren | tuwduqlarınato his grandchildren | tuwduqlarıbızğato our grandchildren | tuwduqlarığızğato you all's grandchildren | tuwduqlarınato their grandchildren |
| Locative | tuwduqladain / at the grandchildren | tuwduqlarımdain / at my grandchildren | tuwduqlarıŋdain / at your grandchildren | tuwduqlarındain / at his grandchildren | tuwduqlarıbızdain / at our grandchildren | tuwduqlarığızdain / at you all's grandchildren | tuwduqlarındain / at their grandchildren |
| Ablative | tuwduqladanfrom the grandchildren | tuwduqlarımdanfrom my grandchildren | tuwduqlarıŋdanfrom your grandchildren | tuwduqlarındanfrom his grandchildren | tuwduqlarıbızdanfrom our grandchildren | tuwduqlarığızdanfrom you all's grandchildren | tuwduqlarındanfrom their grandchildren |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: tuwduqları can mean "his / her grandchildren", "their grandchild", or "their grandchildren" — context decides.
Whose it is
| Case | one thing, one owner | several things, one owner | one thing, several owners | several things, several owners |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | tuwduqnuquthe grandchild's one | tuwduqnuqulathe grandchild's ones | tuwduqlanıqıthe grandchildren's one | tuwduqlanıqılathe grandchildren's ones |
| Genitive | tuwduqnuqunuof the grandchild's one | tuwduqnuqulanıof the grandchild's ones | tuwduqlanıqınıof the grandchildren's one | tuwduqlanıqılanıof the grandchildren's ones |
| Accusative | tuwduqnuqunthe grandchild's one (as the object) | tuwduqnuqulanıthe grandchild's ones (as the object) | tuwduqlanıqınthe grandchildren's one (as the object) | tuwduqlanıqılanıthe grandchildren's ones (as the object) |
| Dative | tuwduqnuqunato the grandchild's one | tuwduqnuqulağato the grandchild's ones | tuwduqlanıqınato the grandchildren's one | tuwduqlanıqılağato the grandchildren's ones |
| Locative | tuwduqnuqundain / at the grandchild's one | tuwduqnuquladain / at the grandchild's ones | tuwduqlanıqındain / at the grandchildren's one | tuwduqlanıqıladain / at the grandchildren's ones |
| Ablative | tuwduqnuqundanfrom the grandchild's one | tuwduqnuquladanfrom the grandchild's ones | tuwduqlanıqındanfrom the grandchildren's one | tuwduqlanıqıladanfrom the grandchildren's ones |
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.