tuwar
/tuwar/ · plural tuwarla
1. cattle, horned livestock — Covers cows, bulls, oxen, heifers and calves. Before another noun it means cattle or bovine, as in tuwar et "beef".
- tuwar küterge — to graze cattle
- biz tuwar kütebiz — we herd cattle
- tuwar sürüwü taw jaylığında jayıladı — the herd of cattle grazes on the mountain pasture
- tuwarnı ariw kütgen el — a village that tends its cattle well
- bazardan tuwar et aldım — I bought beef at the market
- tuwar orun — cattle pen, cowshed
2. brute, coarse and base person — An insult for a rude, ill-mannered or dull-witted person.
- qara tuwar! — you utter brute!
- kör, ol tuwarnı etgenin! — look what that brute has done!
- tuwar, ayt bir zat — you brute, say something
- ol tuwarnı sözüne tıŋılama — do not listen to that brute's words
- tuwar deb qıçırdı — he shouted «brute!»
3. herd of cattle
- el tuwar — the village herd
Expressions
- qanŋa qıçırğan tuwarça — needlessly bawling
- qara tuwar kiri basmağan — young and untested
- tuwar tıŋılawnu basarğa — keep silent
- tuwarda ösgen tuwardaq — ill-mannered boor
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | tuwarthe cattle | tuwarımmy cattle | tuwarıŋyour cattle | tuwarıhis cattle | tuwarıbızour cattle | tuwarığızyou all's cattle | tuwarlarıtheir cattle |
| Genitive | tuwarnıthe cattle's | tuwarımımy cattle's | tuwarıŋıyour cattle's | tuwarınıhis cattle's | tuwarıbıznıour cattle's | tuwarığıznıyou all's cattle's | tuwarlarınıtheir cattle's |
| Accusative | tuwarnıthe cattle (as the object) | tuwarımımy cattle (as the object) | tuwarıŋıyour cattle (as the object) | tuwarınhis cattle (as the object) | tuwarıbıznıour cattle (as the object) | tuwarığıznıyou all's cattle (as the object) | tuwarlarıntheir cattle (as the object) |
| Dative | tuwarğato the cattle | tuwarımato my cattle | tuwarıŋato your cattle | tuwarınato his cattle | tuwarıbızğato our cattle | tuwarığızğato you all's cattle | tuwarlarınato their cattle |
| Locative | tuwardain / at the cattle | tuwarımdain / at my cattle | tuwarıŋdain / at your cattle | tuwarındain / at his cattle | tuwarıbızdain / at our cattle | tuwarığızdain / at you all's cattle | tuwarlarındain / at their cattle |
| Ablative | tuwardanfrom the cattle | tuwarımdanfrom my cattle | tuwarıŋdanfrom your cattle | tuwarındanfrom his cattle | tuwarıbızdanfrom our cattle | tuwarığızdanfrom you all's cattle | tuwarlarındanfrom their cattle |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | tuwarlathe cattle | tuwarlarımmy cattle | tuwarlarıŋyour cattle | tuwarlarıhis cattle | tuwarlarıbızour cattle | tuwarlarığızyou all's cattle | tuwarlarıtheir cattle |
| Genitive | tuwarlanıthe cattle's | tuwarlarımımy cattle's | tuwarlarıŋıyour cattle's | tuwarlarınıhis cattle's | tuwarlarıbıznıour cattle's | tuwarlarığıznıyou all's cattle's | tuwarlarınıtheir cattle's |
| Accusative | tuwarlanıthe cattle (as the object) | tuwarlarımımy cattle (as the object) | tuwarlarıŋıyour cattle (as the object) | tuwarlarınhis cattle (as the object) | tuwarlarıbıznıour cattle (as the object) | tuwarlarığıznıyou all's cattle (as the object) | tuwarlarıntheir cattle (as the object) |
| Dative | tuwarlağato the cattle | tuwarlarımato my cattle | tuwarlarıŋato your cattle | tuwarlarınato his cattle | tuwarlarıbızğato our cattle | tuwarlarığızğato you all's cattle | tuwarlarınato their cattle |
| Locative | tuwarladain / at the cattle | tuwarlarımdain / at my cattle | tuwarlarıŋdain / at your cattle | tuwarlarındain / at his cattle | tuwarlarıbızdain / at our cattle | tuwarlarığızdain / at you all's cattle | tuwarlarındain / at their cattle |
| Ablative | tuwarladanfrom the cattle | tuwarlarımdanfrom my cattle | tuwarlarıŋdanfrom your cattle | tuwarlarındanfrom his cattle | tuwarlarıbızdanfrom our cattle | tuwarlarığızdanfrom you all's cattle | tuwarlarındanfrom their cattle |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: tuwarları can mean "his / her cattle", "their cattle", or "their cattle" — context decides.
Whose it is
| Case | one thing, one owner | several things, one owner | one thing, several owners | several things, several owners |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | tuwarnıqıthe cattle's one | tuwarnıqılathe cattle's ones | tuwarlanıqıthe cattle's one | tuwarlanıqılathe cattle's ones |
| Genitive | tuwarnıqınıof the cattle's one | tuwarnıqılanıof the cattle's ones | tuwarlanıqınıof the cattle's one | tuwarlanıqılanıof the cattle's ones |
| Accusative | tuwarnıqınthe cattle's one (as the object) | tuwarnıqılanıthe cattle's ones (as the object) | tuwarlanıqınthe cattle's one (as the object) | tuwarlanıqılanıthe cattle's ones (as the object) |
| Dative | tuwarnıqınato the cattle's one | tuwarnıqılağato the cattle's ones | tuwarlanıqınato the cattle's one | tuwarlanıqılağato the cattle's ones |
| Locative | tuwarnıqındain / at the cattle's one | tuwarnıqıladain / at the cattle's ones | tuwarlanıqındain / at the cattle's one | tuwarlanıqıladain / at the cattle's ones |
| Ablative | tuwarnıqındanfrom the cattle's one | tuwarnıqıladanfrom the cattle's ones | tuwarlanıqındanfrom the cattle's one | tuwarlanıqıladanfrom the cattle's ones |
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.