tik
/tik/ · plural tikle
1. steep, sheer, precipitous
- tik jol — a steep road
- suwnu tik jağaları — the steep banks of the river
- tik taw betle — steep mountainsides
- tik jağa — a steep bank
- tik tawğa çıqğan awçu — a hunter who climbed a steep mountain
- tik qayanı tübünde bulaq uradı — a spring gushes below the sheer cliff
- tik jerde atnı saq sür — drive the horse carefully on steep ground
2. slope, precipice, incline
- tikge örlew — climbing a slope
- tikden eniw — descending from a slope
- tikni örge barıw — going up the slope
- tikden tüşerge — to come down from the precipice
- tikden enib özenŋe ketdile — coming down from the slope, they went to the valley
- tik başında tohtab qara — stop at the top of the slope and look
3. vertically, upright
- tik ornat — set it upright
- qoyan qulaqların tik turğuzdu — the hare set its ears upright
- eki art ayağına tik süeledi — it stands upright on its two hind legs
- tik ösgen narat — a pine that grew upright
- qulaqların tik turğuzdu — it set its ears upright
- eki ayağına tik süeledi — it stands upright on its two legs
4. steeply
- tik örge — steeply upward
- tik enişge — steeply downward
- jol tik örge baradı — the road goes steeply upward
- tik enişge enedile — they descend steeply
- taw jolu tik örleydi — the mountain road climbs steeply
5. harsh, blunt, rude — Said of words, answers and a person's way of speaking.
- tik söz — a harsh word
- tik sözlü adam — a blunt-spoken person
- tik juwab berdi — they gave a blunt answer
- tik sözlege tözalmadı — they could not bear the harsh words
6. harshly, rudely, curtly
- tik söleşedi — he speaks harshly
- Aslankir tik söleşe başladı — Aslankir began to speak harshly
- menŋe tik söleşdi — they spoke to me rudely
- tik söleşgen adam — a person who speaks harshly
- tik söleşiw — speaking harshly
- tik juwab etiw — answering curtly
7. strained, tense — Said of relations between people.
- arabız tikdi — our relations are strained
- alanı araları tik bolğandı — relations between them have become strained
- alanı arası tik boldu — relations between them became strained
8. sharply, abruptly — Said of a turn, or of a rise or fall in price or temperature.
- tik burulurğa — to turn sharply
- ol tik buruldu — they turned sharply
- jol tik buruladı — the road turns sharply
- bağala tik költürülgendile — prices have risen sharply
9. sharp, abrupt — Said of a turn, a quick blow, or a sudden change in amount.
- tik buruluw — a sharp turn
- tik kötürülüw — a sharp rise
- tik türleniw — an abrupt change
10. forcefully, strongly
- jel betime tik uradı — the wind strikes my face forcefully
- suw qayağa tik uradı — the water strikes the cliff forcefully
11. directly, straight at something
- betibizge tik tiedile — they strike our faces directly
- betibizge tik uradı — it blows straight at our faces
- jel betibizge tik uradı — the wind blows straight at our faces
- kün terezege tik tiedi — the sun strikes the window directly
12. intent, fixed — Said of a gaze.
- tik qaraw — an intent gaze
- anı tik qarawu — their fixed gaze
- tik qarawu meni qorqutdu — their intent gaze frightened me
13. intently — Used with verbs of looking.
- menŋe tik qaradı — they looked at me intently
- közlerime tik qaradı — they looked intently into my eyes
- tik qarab turdu — they kept looking intently
14. vertical, vertical line
- tik sız — a vertical line
- tikni üsü bla — along the vertical
Expressions
- tikge tıyarğa — leave speechless
As an adjective
Degrees
| Degree | —form |
|---|---|
| base form | tiksteep |
| comparative — more | tigireksteeper |
| intensifier — very | bek tikvery steep |
| superlative — most | em tikthe steepest |
Saying it about mine, yours, theirs
One thing
| Degree | menikimine | senikiyours | anıqıhis / hers | biznikiours | siznikiyours (pl.) | alanıqıtheirs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | meniki tikdimine is steep | seniki tikdiyours is steep | anıqı tikdihis is steep | bizniki tikdiours is steep | sizniki tikdiyours (pl.) is steep | alanıqı tikditheirs is steep |
| comparative — more | meniki tigirekdimine is steeper | seniki tigirekdiyours is steeper | anıqı tigirekdihis is steeper | bizniki tigirekdiours is steeper | sizniki tigirekdiyours (pl.) is steeper | alanıqı tigirekditheirs is steeper |
| intensifier — very | meniki bek tikdimine is very steep | seniki bek tikdiyours is very steep | anıqı bek tikdihis is very steep | bizniki bek tikdiours is very steep | sizniki bek tikdiyours (pl.) is very steep | alanıqı bek tikditheirs is very steep |
| superlative — most | meniki em tikdimine is the steepest | seniki em tikdiyours is the steepest | anıqı em tikdihis is the steepest | bizniki em tikdiours is the steepest | sizniki em tikdiyours (pl.) is the steepest | alanıqı em tikditheirs is the steepest |
Several things
| Degree | menikilemine | senikileyours | anıqılahis / hers | biznikileours | siznikileyours (pl.) | alanıqılatheirs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | menikile tikdilemine are steep | senikile tikdileyours are steep | anıqıla tikdilehis are steep | biznikile tikdileours are steep | siznikile tikdileyours (pl.) are steep | alanıqıla tikdiletheirs are steep |
| comparative — more | menikile tigirekdilemine are steeper | senikile tigirekdileyours are steeper | anıqıla tigirekdilehis are steeper | biznikile tigirekdileours are steeper | siznikile tigirekdileyours (pl.) are steeper | alanıqıla tigirekdiletheirs are steeper |
| intensifier — very | menikile bek tikdilemine are very steep | senikile bek tikdileyours are very steep | anıqıla bek tikdilehis are very steep | biznikile bek tikdileours are very steep | siznikile bek tikdileyours (pl.) are very steep | alanıqıla bek tikdiletheirs are very steep |
| superlative — most | menikile em tikdilemine are the steepest | senikile em tikdileyours are the steepest | anıqıla em tikdilehis are the steepest | biznikile em tikdileours are the steepest | siznikile em tikdileyours (pl.) are the steepest | alanıqıla em tikdiletheirs are the steepest |
Any thing takes the third-person ending, not only these: bu tikdi, bıla tikdile. In texts biznikile is usually kesibiznikile, "our own people", and a surname with -nıqıla names a family: Dudalanıqıla, "the Dudas".
As a noun
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | tikthe slope | tigimmy slope | tigiŋyour slope | tigihis slope | tigibizour slope | tigigizyou all's slope | tikleritheir slopes |
| Genitive | tiknithe slope's | tigimimy slope's | tigiŋiyour slope's | tiginihis slope's | tigibizniour slope's | tigigizniyou all's slope's | tiklerinitheir slopes' |
| Accusative | tiknithe slope (as the object) | tigimimy slope (as the object) | tigiŋiyour slope (as the object) | tiginhis slope (as the object) | tigibizniour slope (as the object) | tigigizniyou all's slope (as the object) | tiklerintheir slopes (as the object) |
| Dative | tikgeto the slope | tigimeto my slope | tigiŋeto your slope | tigineto his slope | tigibizgeto our slope | tigigizgeto you all's slope | tiklerineto their slopes |
| Locative | tikdein / at the slope | tigimdein / at my slope | tigiŋdein / at your slope | tigindein / at his slope | tigibizdein / at our slope | tigigizdein / at you all's slope | tiklerindein / at their slopes |
| Ablative | tikdenfrom the slope | tigimdenfrom my slope | tigiŋdenfrom your slope | tigindenfrom his slope | tigibizdenfrom our slope | tigigizdenfrom you all's slope | tiklerindenfrom their slopes |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | tiklethe slopes | tiklerimmy slopes | tikleriŋyour slopes | tiklerihis slopes | tikleribizour slopes | tiklerigizyou all's slopes | tikleritheir slopes |
| Genitive | tiklenithe slopes' | tiklerimimy slopes' | tikleriŋiyour slopes' | tiklerinihis slopes' | tikleribizniour slopes' | tiklerigizniyou all's slopes' | tiklerinitheir slopes' |
| Accusative | tiklenithe slopes (as the object) | tiklerimimy slopes (as the object) | tikleriŋiyour slopes (as the object) | tiklerinhis slopes (as the object) | tikleribizniour slopes (as the object) | tiklerigizniyou all's slopes (as the object) | tiklerintheir slopes (as the object) |
| Dative | tiklegeto the slopes | tiklerimeto my slopes | tikleriŋeto your slopes | tiklerineto his slopes | tikleribizgeto our slopes | tiklerigizgeto you all's slopes | tiklerineto their slopes |
| Locative | tikledein / at the slopes | tiklerimdein / at my slopes | tikleriŋdein / at your slopes | tiklerindein / at his slopes | tikleribizdein / at our slopes | tiklerigizdein / at you all's slopes | tiklerindein / at their slopes |
| Ablative | tikledenfrom the slopes | tiklerimdenfrom my slopes | tikleriŋdenfrom your slopes | tiklerindenfrom his slopes | tikleribizdenfrom our slopes | tiklerigizdenfrom you all's slopes | tiklerindenfrom their slopes |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: tikleri can mean "his / her slopes", "their slope", or "their slopes" — context decides.
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.