sohta
/soxta/ · plural sohtala
1. student, pupil, schoolchild — Before another noun it means belonging to pupils, as in sohta jılla "school years" and sohta brigada "student brigade". One Balkar school dictionary marks the word as archaic, but the other sources treat it as the ordinary word for a school pupil.
- sohta qızçıq — a schoolgirl
- orta şkolnu sohtası — a secondary-school pupil
- sohtalağa teren bilim berirge — to give pupils a thorough education
- sohta jılla — school years
2. madrasa student, pupil of a Muslim religious school
- Ahmat efendini sohtası — Ahmat Efendi's pupil
3. disciple, follower of a scholar or public figure
- Kyazim bla Qaysınnı sohtaları — the disciples of Kazim and Kaisyn
4. apprentice, someone learning a trade from a master
- ustanı sohtası — the master's apprentice
- temirçini sohtası — the blacksmith's apprentice
5. sohta, a sausage of seasoned liver and suet stuffed into the stomach or intestine — A traditional Karachay and Balkar dish, often served with jörme. Kinds are named by casing, such as aşhın sohta (from the stomach) and içegi sohta (from the large intestine).
- anam sohta etdi — my mother made sohta
- aşhın sohta — sohta made in a stomach
- içegi sohta — sohta made in the large intestine
- jawlu sohta — fatty sohta
Expressions
- soqurğa sohta tutdurğança — fob off derisively
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | sohtathe pupil | sohtammy pupil | sohtaŋyour pupil | sohtasıhis pupil | sohtabızour pupil | sohtağızyou all's pupil | sohtalarıtheir pupils |
| Genitive | sohtanıthe pupil's | sohtamımy pupil's | sohtaŋıyour pupil's | sohtasınıhis pupil's | sohtabıznıour pupil's | sohtağıznıyou all's pupil's | sohtalarınıtheir pupils' |
| Accusative | sohtanıthe pupil (as the object) | sohtamımy pupil (as the object) | sohtaŋıyour pupil (as the object) | sohtasınhis pupil (as the object) | sohtabıznıour pupil (as the object) | sohtağıznıyou all's pupil (as the object) | sohtalarıntheir pupils (as the object) |
| Dative | sohtağato the pupil | sohtamato my pupil | sohtaŋato your pupil | sohtasınato his pupil | sohtabızğato our pupil | sohtağızğato you all's pupil | sohtalarınato their pupils |
| Locative | sohtadain / at the pupil | sohtamdain / at my pupil | sohtaŋdain / at your pupil | sohtasındain / at his pupil | sohtabızdain / at our pupil | sohtağızdain / at you all's pupil | sohtalarındain / at their pupils |
| Ablative | sohtadanfrom the pupil | sohtamdanfrom my pupil | sohtaŋdanfrom your pupil | sohtasındanfrom his pupil | sohtabızdanfrom our pupil | sohtağızdanfrom you all's pupil | sohtalarındanfrom their pupils |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | sohtalathe pupils | sohtalarımmy pupils | sohtalarıŋyour pupils | sohtalarıhis pupils | sohtalarıbızour pupils | sohtalarığızyou all's pupils | sohtalarıtheir pupils |
| Genitive | sohtalanıthe pupils' | sohtalarımımy pupils' | sohtalarıŋıyour pupils' | sohtalarınıhis pupils' | sohtalarıbıznıour pupils' | sohtalarığıznıyou all's pupils' | sohtalarınıtheir pupils' |
| Accusative | sohtalanıthe pupils (as the object) | sohtalarımımy pupils (as the object) | sohtalarıŋıyour pupils (as the object) | sohtalarınhis pupils (as the object) | sohtalarıbıznıour pupils (as the object) | sohtalarığıznıyou all's pupils (as the object) | sohtalarıntheir pupils (as the object) |
| Dative | sohtalağato the pupils | sohtalarımato my pupils | sohtalarıŋato your pupils | sohtalarınato his pupils | sohtalarıbızğato our pupils | sohtalarığızğato you all's pupils | sohtalarınato their pupils |
| Locative | sohtaladain / at the pupils | sohtalarımdain / at my pupils | sohtalarıŋdain / at your pupils | sohtalarındain / at his pupils | sohtalarıbızdain / at our pupils | sohtalarığızdain / at you all's pupils | sohtalarındain / at their pupils |
| Ablative | sohtaladanfrom the pupils | sohtalarımdanfrom my pupils | sohtalarıŋdanfrom your pupils | sohtalarındanfrom his pupils | sohtalarıbızdanfrom our pupils | sohtalarığızdanfrom you all's pupils | sohtalarındanfrom their pupils |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: sohtaları can mean "his / her pupils", "their pupil", or "their pupils" — context decides.
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.