qobu
/qobu/ · plural qobula
1. groove, slot, rabbet, notch, mortise; rifling, thread (in a gun barrel or screw)
- qaŋanı qobusu — the groove of the board
- qurç qılıçnı qobusu — the groove of a steel saber
- eşikge qobu salırğa — to cut a groove into the door
- uşkoknu bırğısına qobu eterge — to cut rifling into the gun barrel
2. hollow, cavity, hollow in a tree; cavity in a tooth
- tişni qobusu — the cavity of the tooth
- terekni qobusunda çıpçıq uya etgendi — a bird has made a nest in the hollow of the tree
- qobuğa qolun suqdu — he put his hand into the hollow
3. hollow, empty, concave
- qobu tiş — a hollow tooth
- qobu jer — a hollow in the ground, a low place
- qobu eterge — to make something concave
- qobu bolurğa — to become concave
As a noun
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | qobuthe groove | qobummy groove | qobuŋyour groove | qobusuhis groove | qobubuzour groove | qobuğuzyou all's groove | qobularıtheir grooves |
| Genitive | qobunuthe groove's | qobumumy groove's | qobuŋuyour groove's | qobusunuhis groove's | qobubuznuour groove's | qobuğuznuyou all's groove's | qobularınıtheir grooves' |
| Accusative | qobunuthe groove (as the object) | qobumumy groove (as the object) | qobuŋuyour groove (as the object) | qobusunhis groove (as the object) | qobubuznuour groove (as the object) | qobuğuznuyou all's groove (as the object) | qobularıntheir grooves (as the object) |
| Dative | qobuğato the groove | qobumato my groove | qobuŋato your groove | qobusunato his groove | qobubuzğato our groove | qobuğuzğato you all's groove | qobularınato their grooves |
| Locative | qobudain / at the groove | qobumdain / at my groove | qobuŋdain / at your groove | qobusundain / at his groove | qobubuzdain / at our groove | qobuğuzdain / at you all's groove | qobularındain / at their grooves |
| Ablative | qobudanfrom the groove | qobumdanfrom my groove | qobuŋdanfrom your groove | qobusundanfrom his groove | qobubuzdanfrom our groove | qobuğuzdanfrom you all's groove | qobularındanfrom their grooves |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | qobulathe grooves | qobularımmy grooves | qobularıŋyour grooves | qobularıhis grooves | qobularıbızour grooves | qobularığızyou all's grooves | qobularıtheir grooves |
| Genitive | qobulanıthe grooves' | qobularımımy grooves' | qobularıŋıyour grooves' | qobularınıhis grooves' | qobularıbıznıour grooves' | qobularığıznıyou all's grooves' | qobularınıtheir grooves' |
| Accusative | qobulanıthe grooves (as the object) | qobularımımy grooves (as the object) | qobularıŋıyour grooves (as the object) | qobularınhis grooves (as the object) | qobularıbıznıour grooves (as the object) | qobularığıznıyou all's grooves (as the object) | qobularıntheir grooves (as the object) |
| Dative | qobulağato the grooves | qobularımato my grooves | qobularıŋato your grooves | qobularınato his grooves | qobularıbızğato our grooves | qobularığızğato you all's grooves | qobularınato their grooves |
| Locative | qobuladain / at the grooves | qobularımdain / at my grooves | qobularıŋdain / at your grooves | qobularındain / at his grooves | qobularıbızdain / at our grooves | qobularığızdain / at you all's grooves | qobularındain / at their grooves |
| Ablative | qobuladanfrom the grooves | qobularımdanfrom my grooves | qobularıŋdanfrom your grooves | qobularındanfrom his grooves | qobularıbızdanfrom our grooves | qobularığızdanfrom you all's grooves | qobularındanfrom their grooves |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: qobuları can mean "his / her grooves", "their groove", or "their grooves" — context decides.
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.
As an adjective
Saying it about mine, yours, theirs
One thing
| Degree | menikimine | senikiyours | anıqıhis / hers | biznikiours | siznikiyours (pl.) | alanıqıtheirs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | meniki qobudumine is hollow | seniki qobuduyours is hollow | anıqı qobuduhis is hollow | bizniki qobuduours is hollow | sizniki qobuduyours (pl.) is hollow | alanıqı qobudutheirs is hollow |
Several things
| Degree | menikilemine | senikileyours | anıqılahis / hers | biznikileours | siznikileyours (pl.) | alanıqılatheirs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| base form | menikile qobudulamine are hollow | senikile qobudulayours are hollow | anıqıla qobudulahis are hollow | biznikile qobudulaours are hollow | siznikile qobudulayours (pl.) are hollow | alanıqıla qobudulatheirs are hollow |
Any thing takes the third-person ending, not only these: bu qobudu, bıla qobudula. In texts biznikile is usually kesibiznikile, "our own people", and a surname with -nıqıla names a family: Dudalanıqıla, "the Dudas".