qıynalıw
/ qɯjnalɯw /
Definition noun suffering
Cases
| Singular | Plural | When to use it | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | qıynalıw the suffering | qıynalıwla the sufferings | the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence |
| genitive | qıynalıwnu the suffering's | qıynalıwlanı the sufferings' | the owner — whose it is |
| accusative | qıynalıwnu the suffering (as the object) | qıynalıwlanı the sufferings (as the object) | a specific, known object — whom or what |
| dative | qıynalıwğa to the suffering | qıynalıwlağa to the sufferings | direction or recipient — to where, to whom |
| locative | qıynalıwda at / in the suffering | qıynalıwlada at / in the sufferings | where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it" |
| ablative | qıynalıwdan from the suffering | qıynalıwladan from the sufferings | where it comes from; also "than" when comparing |
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.
With an owner
| One owned | Several owned | |
|---|---|---|
| my | qıynalıwum my suffering | qıynalıwlarım my sufferings |
| your | qıynalıwuŋ your suffering | qıynalıwlarıŋ your sufferings |
| his / her | qıynalıwu his / her suffering | qıynalıwları his / her sufferings |
| our | qıynalıwubuz our suffering | qıynalıwlarıbız our sufferings |
| you all's | qıynalıwuğuz you all's suffering | qıynalıwlarığız you all's sufferings |
| their | qıynalıwları their suffering | qıynalıwları their sufferings |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: qıynalıwları can mean "his / her sufferings", "their suffering", or "their sufferings" — context decides.