qayın
/ qajɯn /
Definitions noun birch, birch tree
Definitions noun birch- (attributive)
Definitions noun in-law
Definitions noun brother-in-law, husband's brother, wife's brother
Cases
| Singular | Plural | When to use it | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | qayın the birch | qayınla the birches | the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence |
| genitive | qayınnı the birch's | qayınlanı the birches' | the owner — whose it is |
| accusative | qayınnı the birch (as the object) | qayınlanı the birches (as the object) | a specific, known object — whom or what |
| dative | qayınğa to the birch | qayınlağa to the birches | direction or recipient — to where, to whom |
| locative | qayında at / in the birch | qayınlada at / in the birches | where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it" |
| ablative | qayından from the birch | qayınladan from the birches | where it comes from; also "than" when comparing |
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.
With an owner
| One owned | Several owned | |
|---|---|---|
| my | qayınım my birch | qayınlarım my birches |
| your | qayınıŋ your birch | qayınlarıŋ your birches |
| his / her | qayını his / her birch | qayınları his / her birches |
| our | qayınıbız our birch | qayınlarıbız our birches |
| you all's | qayınığız you all's birch | qayınlarığız you all's birches |
| their | qayınları their birch | qayınları their birches |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: qayınları can mean "his / her birches", "their birch", or "their birches" — context decides.