kök
/køk/
Definitions
1. sky
- kökge deri — up to the sky
- çuwaq kök — a clear sky
- kök bla jer kibik — like the sky and the earth
- kökdenmi tüşgense? — did you drop out of the sky?
2. early spring grass, the first greens
- malla kökge ketib, biçen aşamaydıla — the livestock go out to the spring grass and do not eat hay
- kök çıqdı — the first green came up
- kökge çığarğa — to go out to the spring grass
3. blue
- kök közle — blue eyes
- kök betli — of a blue colour
- kök kögürçün — a blue-grey dove
4. green (of tea, of young grass)
- kök şay — green tea
- kök hans — green grass
- kök çapıraq — a green leaf
Related
Origin
A word Karachay inherited from Proto-Turkic; Siemieniec-Gołaś lists it among the Proto-Turkic stock of Karachay-Balkar (2000, p. 107).Feedback
or .As a noun
Cases
| Singular | Plural | When to use it | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | kökthe sky | köklethe skies | the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence |
| genitive | köknüthe sky's | köklenithe skies' | the owner — whose it is |
| accusative | köknüthe sky (as the object) | köklenithe skies (as the object) | a specific, known object — whom or what |
| dative | kökgeto the sky | köklegeto the skies | direction or recipient — to where, to whom |
| locative | kökdeat / in the sky | kökledeat / in the skies | where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it" |
| ablative | kökdenfrom the sky | kökledenfrom the skies | where it comes from; also "than" when comparing |
When to use each case
- nominative
- the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence
- genitive
- the owner — whose it is
- accusative
- a specific, known object — whom or what
- dative
- direction or recipient — to where, to whom
- locative
- where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it"
- ablative
- where it comes from; also "than" when comparing
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.
With an owner
| One owned | Several owned | |
|---|---|---|
| my | kögümmy sky | köklerimmy skies |
| your | kögüngyour sky | kökleringyour skies |
| his / her | kögühis / her sky | köklerihis / her skies |
| our | kögübüzour sky | kökleribizour skies |
| you all's | kögügüzyou all's sky | köklerigizyou all's skies |
| their | kökleritheir sky | kökleritheir skies |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: kökleri can mean "his / her skies", "their sky", or "their skies" — context decides.
As an adjective
Degrees
| base form | kökblue |
|---|---|
| comparative — more | kögürekbluer |
| intensifier — very | bek kökvery blue |
| superlative — most | em kökthe bluest |
Saying it about something
| One thing | Several | |
|---|---|---|
| this / these | bu kökdüthis is blue | bıla kökdülethese are blue |
| that / those | ol kökdüthat / it is blue | ala kökdülethose / they are blue |
| mine | meniki kökdümine is blue | menikile kökdülemine are blue |
| yours | seniki kökdüyours is blue | senikile kökdüleyours are blue |
| ours | bizniki kökdüours is blue | biznikile kökdüleours are blue |