kiriş
/kiriʃ/
Definitions
1. ridge, mountain chain, crest
- kiriş tawla — a chain of mountains
- uzaq qayalanı kirişleri — the crests of the far cliffs
- qayanı kirişi — the crest of the rock
2. edge, brow of a sheer cliff or rock terrace
- qaya kiriş — the brow of the cliff
- qaya kirişde tururğa — to stand on the brow of the cliff
- kirişde jürürge — to walk along the brow
3. gorge, defile, narrow ravine
- tar kiriş — a narrow defile
- kiriş bla öterge — to go through the defile
- kirişge kirirge — to enter the gorge
4. rim, border, edging
- çoyunnu kirişi — the rim of the cauldron
- oqa börknü kirişi — the rim of the braided cap
- çıkkırnı kirişleri — the hoops of the churn
5. bail, handle (of a bucket or cauldron)
- çelekni kirişi — the bail of the bucket
- çoyun kiriş — a cauldron handle
- kirişinden tutarğa — to take it by the handle
6. solid, unbroken, sheer, unassailable
- kiriş qayala — sheer, unassailable cliffs
- kiriş qaya — a sheer rock face
- kiriş ağaç — solid wood
7. firm, hard, steadfast
- sözünge kiriş bolurğa — to be firm in your word
- sözüne kiriş adam — a person firm in his word
- kiriş bolurğa — to stand firm
Feedback
or .As a noun
Cases
| Singular | Plural | When to use it | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | kirişthe ridge | kirişlethe ridges | the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence |
| genitive | kirişnithe ridge's | kirişlenithe ridges' | the owner — whose it is |
| accusative | kirişnithe ridge (as the object) | kirişlenithe ridges (as the object) | a specific, known object — whom or what |
| dative | kirişgeto the ridge | kirişlegeto the ridges | direction or recipient — to where, to whom |
| locative | kirişdeat / in the ridge | kirişledeat / in the ridges | where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it" |
| ablative | kirişdenfrom the ridge | kirişledenfrom the ridges | where it comes from; also "than" when comparing |
When to use each case
- nominative
- the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence
- genitive
- the owner — whose it is
- accusative
- a specific, known object — whom or what
- dative
- direction or recipient — to where, to whom
- locative
- where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it"
- ablative
- where it comes from; also "than" when comparing
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.
With an owner
| One owned | Several owned | |
|---|---|---|
| my | kirişimmy ridge | kirişlerimmy ridges |
| your | kirişingyour ridge | kirişleringyour ridges |
| his / her | kirişihis / her ridge | kirişlerihis / her ridges |
| our | kirişibizour ridge | kirişleribizour ridges |
| you all's | kirişigizyou all's ridge | kirişlerigizyou all's ridges |
| their | kirişleritheir ridge | kirişleritheir ridges |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: kirişleri can mean "his / her ridges", "their ridge", or "their ridges" — context decides.
As an adjective
Saying it about someone
| Singular | Plural | |
|---|---|---|
| 1st person | men kirişmeI am solid | biz kirişbizwe are solid |
| 2nd person | sen kirişseyou are solid | siz kirişsizyou all are solid |
| 3rd person | ol kirişdihe / she / it is solid | ala kirişdilethey are solid |
Saying it about something
| One thing | Several | |
|---|---|---|
| this / these | bu kirişdithis is solid | bıla kirişdilethese are solid |
| that / those | ol kirişdithat / it is solid | ala kirişdilethose / they are solid |
| mine | meniki kirişdimine is solid | menikile kirişdilemine are solid |
| yours | seniki kirişdiyours is solid | senikile kirişdileyours are solid |
| ours | bizniki kirişdiours is solid | biznikile kirişdileours are solid |