duşman
/ duʃman /
Definitions noun enemy, foe, adversary
Definitions noun enemy- (attributive)
Cases
| Singular | Plural | When to use it | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | duşman the enemy | duşmanla the enemies | the plain dictionary form — the doer of the sentence |
| genitive | duşmannı the enemy's | duşmanlanı the enemies' | the owner — whose it is |
| accusative | duşmannı the enemy (as the object) | duşmanlanı the enemies (as the object) | a specific, known object — whom or what |
| dative | duşmanğa to the enemy | duşmanlağa to the enemies | direction or recipient — to where, to whom |
| locative | duşmanda at / in the enemy | duşmanlada at / in the enemies | where it is; also having — mende bar, "I have it" |
| ablative | duşmandan from the enemy | duşmanladan from the enemies | where it comes from; also "than" when comparing |
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.
With an owner
| One owned | Several owned | |
|---|---|---|
| my | duşmanım my enemy | duşmanlarım my enemies |
| your | duşmanıŋ your enemy | duşmanlarıŋ your enemies |
| his / her | duşmanı his / her enemy | duşmanları his / her enemies |
| our | duşmanıbız our enemy | duşmanlarıbız our enemies |
| you all's | duşmanığız you all's enemy | duşmanlarığız you all's enemies |
| their | duşmanları their enemy | duşmanları their enemies |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: duşmanları can mean "his / her enemies", "their enemy", or "their enemies" — context decides.