boy
/boj/ · plural boyla
1. height, stature
- boyu uzun — tall in stature
- boyu qısha — short in stature
- boyu ullu adam — a tall person
- boyğa qarab ton biç — cut the fur coat according to height
2. build, physique, figure
- boyu bazıq adam — a person of stout build
- qıznı boyu nazikdi — the girl's build is slender
- boyuŋ da şahtaçığa uşaydı — your build also resembles a miner's
3. size, volume, bulk
- zatnı boyu ulludu — the object's size is large
- sandıqnı boyu gitçedi — the chest's size is small
- otownu boyu — the size of the room
4. bank, shore, roadside
- suw boyu — riverbank
- teŋiz boyuda — on the seashore
- jol boyu — roadside
- Qoban boyu elle — the villages along the Kuban bank
5. submission, subordination, obedience — This meaning is almost always used with a following verb of putting or giving, as in boy salırğa or boy berirge, and the combination means submit or yield.
- boy salırğa — to submit, to yield
- terslikge boy salmawdadı küçübüz — our strength is in not submitting to wrong
- boy bermezge küreşedi — he strives not to give in
- boy bermezge — not to give in
- boy saldırırğa — to subjugate, to force into submission
6. warp, the lengthwise threads of a woven fabric
- qumaçnı boyu — the warp of the fabric
- çepkenni boyu — the warp of the homespun cloth
- qumaçnı boyun, arqawun körgüztedi — she shows the warp and weft of the fabric
- ınna çepkenni boyun jaratmadı — grandma didn't like the warp of the homespun cloth
- qumaçnı boyun körgüztedi — she shows the warp of the fabric
7. length, lengthwise extent; a strip or length of material
- kiyizni keŋi-boyu — the width and length of the felt
8. front panel or hanging lower part of an outer garment
- tonnu al boyu — the front panel of the coat
- tonnu al em art boyu — the front and back panels of the coat
- boyu salınŋandı — its lower panel hangs down
Expressions
- boy berirge — give in
- boy bermezge — refuse to yield
Cases and owners
Singular
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | boythe height | boyummy height | boyuŋyour height | boyuhis height | boyubuzour height | boyuğuzyou all's height | boylarıtheir heights |
| Genitive | boynuthe height's | boyumumy height's | boyuŋuyour height's | boyunuhis height's | boyubuznuour height's | boyuğuznuyou all's height's | boylarınıtheir heights' |
| Accusative | boynuthe height (as the object) | boyumumy height (as the object) | boyuŋuyour height (as the object) | boyunhis height (as the object) | boyubuznuour height (as the object) | boyuğuznuyou all's height (as the object) | boylarıntheir heights (as the object) |
| Dative | boyğato the height | boyumato my height | boyuŋato your height | boyunato his height | boyubuzğato our height | boyuğuzğato you all's height | boylarınato their heights |
| Locative | boydain / at the height | boyumdain / at my height | boyuŋdain / at your height | boyundain / at his height | boyubuzdain / at our height | boyuğuzdain / at you all's height | boylarındain / at their heights |
| Ablative | boydanfrom the height | boyumdanfrom my height | boyuŋdanfrom your height | boyundanfrom his height | boyubuzdanfrom our height | boyuğuzdanfrom you all's height | boylarındanfrom their heights |
Plural
| Case | —plain | menimy | seniyour | anıhis / her | bizniour | sizniyou all's | alanıtheir |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | boylathe heights | boylarımmy heights | boylarıŋyour heights | boylarıhis heights | boylarıbızour heights | boylarığızyou all's heights | boylarıtheir heights |
| Genitive | boylanıthe heights' | boylarımımy heights' | boylarıŋıyour heights' | boylarınıhis heights' | boylarıbıznıour heights' | boylarığıznıyou all's heights' | boylarınıtheir heights' |
| Accusative | boylanıthe heights (as the object) | boylarımımy heights (as the object) | boylarıŋıyour heights (as the object) | boylarınhis heights (as the object) | boylarıbıznıour heights (as the object) | boylarığıznıyou all's heights (as the object) | boylarıntheir heights (as the object) |
| Dative | boylağato the heights | boylarımato my heights | boylarıŋato your heights | boylarınato his heights | boylarıbızğato our heights | boylarığızğato you all's heights | boylarınato their heights |
| Locative | boyladain / at the heights | boylarımdain / at my heights | boylarıŋdain / at your heights | boylarındain / at his heights | boylarıbızdain / at our heights | boylarığızdain / at you all's heights | boylarındain / at their heights |
| Ablative | boyladanfrom the heights | boylarımdanfrom my heights | boylarıŋdanfrom your heights | boylarındanfrom his heights | boylarıbızdanfrom our heights | boylarığızdanfrom you all's heights | boylarındanfrom their heights |
The overlap in the last rows is real, not a mistake: boyları can mean "his / her heights", "their height", or "their heights" — context decides.
The endings are the same ones the pronouns wear — that page explains when each case is used.